1、第1页 共 12 页三 峡 大 学2013年研究生入学考试试题(A卷)考试科目代码： 791 科目名称：综合英语 考试时间：3小时 卷面总分：150分 （答案必须写在答题纸上）. Choose the right one from A. B. C. D for each blank:(20分)请按顺序把答案写在答题纸上。标明题号!1. Linda _ the famous director into giving her a leading role in one of his plays and she became instantly successful. A. cheated B. c
2、oaxed C. attracted D. tempted2. Lydia was very _ of her twin sister Lucys good achievements in school, and decided to catch up with her.A. envious B. happy C. pleased D. jealous3. While most scientists grant that _ life may well exist elsewhere in the universe, a convincing photograph of a UFO has y
3、et to be taken.A. important B. intelligent C. clever D. intellectual4. Now the new engine is _ more and more public attention.A. receiving B. accepting C. obtaining D. focusing5. This encyclopedia is the most _ book I have ever read, for it gives me lots of knowledge.A. educating B. fascinating C. e
4、nlightening D. instructing6. Do you enjoy listening to records? I find records are often _, or better than an actual performance.A. as good B. as good as C. good D. good as7. If you are under 18, you are not _ to join this club.A. legitimate B. legible C. eligible D. permissive8. Twenty dollars will
5、 _ the total expenses.A. spend B suit C. cost D. cover9. I spoke to him, but he was too _ to hear what I said.A. preoccupied B. concentrated C. absent-minded D. thoughtful10. Being handicapped, he was _ the chance of entering college.A. refused B. declined C. denied D. rejected第2页共12 页11. There was
6、a teapot fashioned like a China duck, out of open mouth the tea was supposed to come.A. its B. which C. that D. whose12. The gorilla, not as curious as the chimpanzee, shows more persistence and memory retention in solving a problem.A. while B. whether C. unless D. which13. Playwright Lillian Hellma
7、ns dramas are marked by their intelligent and .A. weaved tight plots B. plot are tightly woven C. tightly woven plots D. weaving of tight plots14. Our civilization is so commonplace to us that stop to think about its complexity.A. do rarely we B. rarely do we C. we do rarely D. we rarely do15. He wi
8、ll remain here if .A. needed B. need to be C. need be D. need is16. The_ of this madness deserves a great deal more study than it has got.A. diagnosis B. prognosis C. etiology D. therapy17. He has _ to museums hundreds of his painting as well as his entire personal collection of modern art.A. ascrib
9、ed B. attributed C. designated D. donated18. Fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth, comfort and _.A. durability B. stability C. capability D. availability19. Mainstream pro-market economists all agree that competition is an_ spur to efficiency and innovation.A. extrava
10、gant B. intermittent C. exquisite D. indispensable20. Various efforts have been made over the centuries to predict earthquake, including observing lights in the sky and _ animal behavior.A. abnormal B. absurd C. exotic D. erroneous. Choose the right word from the list given below for each blank:( 10
11、分) 请按顺序把答案写在答题纸上。标明题号!origins come devices strained applications down requiretransfer out protocol yield choke across The Internet has (1) _a long way from its (2) _ as a research network. Today, users routinely listen to radio broadcast (3) _ the net, download short videos from the World Wide Web a
12、nd access information from thousands of第3页共 12 页government and private databases. But the fortuitous success and growth of the Internet has severely (4) _ the functional limits of the Internet (5) _ as well as the underlying router networks. Of even greater concern are the new (6) _in the offing whi
13、ch (7) _ far more facilities than the network now provides. Internet commerce, gigabyte file (8) _, live video transmission, secured email/data and voice/video conferencing are just a few of the applications that Internet service providers are coming (9) _ with, the smorgasbord promises to (10) _ an
14、 already overloaded network. Simply adding bandwidth to the Internet backbones is not an answer. It will only raise the cost of admission for everyone. Read the following texts carefully and then make a correct choice to answer the questions after each text:(40分)请按顺序把答案写在答题纸上。标明题号!TEXT AIn sixteenth
15、-century Italy and eighteenth-century France, waning prosperity and increasing social unrest led the ruling families to try to preserve their superiority by withdrawing from the lower and middle classes behind barriers of etiquette. In a prosperous community, on the other hand, polite society soon a
16、bsorbs the newly rich, and in England there has never been any shortage of books on etiquette for teaching them the manners appropriate to their new way of life.Every code of etiquette has contained three elements; basic moral duties; practical rules which promote efficiency; and artificial, optiona
17、l graces such as formal compliments to, say, women on their beauty or superiors on their generosity and importance.In the first category are considerations for the weak and respect for age. Among the ancient Egyptians the young always stood in the presence of older people, Among the Mponguwe of Tanz
18、ania, the young men bow as they pass the huts of the elders. In England, until about a century ago, young children did not sit in their parents presence without asking permission.Practical rules are helpful in such ordinary occurrences of social life as making proper introductions at parties or othe
19、r functions so that people can be brought to know each other. Before the invention of the fork, etiquette directed that the fingers should be kept as clean as possible; before the handkerchief came into common use, etiquette suggested that after spitting, a person should rub the spit inconspicuously
20、 underfoot.Extremely refined behavior, however, cultivated as an art of gracious living, has 第4页共12 页been characteristic only of societies with wealth and leisure, which admitted women as the social equals of men. After the fall of Rome, the first European society to regulate behavior in private lif
21、e in accordance with a complicated code of etiquette was twelfth-century Provence, in France.Provence had become wealthy. The lords had returned to their castle from the crusades, and there the ideals of chivalry grew up, which emphasized the virtue and gentleness of women and demanded that a knight
22、 should profess a pure and dedicated love to a lady who would be his inspiration, and to whom he would dedicate his valiant deeds, though he would never come physically close to her. This was the introduction of the concept of romantic love, which was to influence literature far many hundreds of yea
23、rs and which still lives on in a debased form in simple popular songs and cheap novels today.In Renaissance Italy too, in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, a wealthy and leisured society developed an extremely complex code of manners, but the rules of behavior of fashionable society had little
24、 influence on the daily life of the lower classes. Indeed many of the rules, such as how to enter a banquet room, or how to use a sword or handkerchief for ceremonial purposes, were irrelevant to the way of life of the average working man, who spent most of his life outdoors or in his own poor hut a
25、nd most probably did not have a handkerchief, certainly not a sword, to his name.Yet the essential basis of all good manners does not vary. Consideration for the old and weak and the avoidance of harming or giving unnecessary offence to others is a feature of all societies everywhere and at all leve
26、ls from the highest to the lowest.Questions 1-41. One characteristic of the rich classes of a declining society is their tendency to_A. take in the recently wealthy.B. retreat within themselves.C. produce publications on manners.D. change the laws of etiquette.2. Which of the following is NOT an ele
27、ment of the code of etiquette?A. Respect for age.B. Formal compliments.C. Proper introductions at social functions.D. Eating with a fork rather than fingers.3. According to the writer which of the following is part of chivalry? A knight should_A. inspire his lady to perform valiant deeds.B. perform
28、deeds which would inspire romantic songs. C. express his love for his lady from a distance. 第5页共12 页D. regard his lady as strong and independent4. Etiquette as an art of gracious living is quoted as a feature of which country?A. Egypt.B. 18th century France.C. Renaissance Italy.D. England.TEXT B The
29、 costs associated with natural disasters are increasing rapidly. As a result, officials in government and industry have focused more attention on disasters and their effects. The White House Office of Science and Technology Policy has estimated that disasters cost the country about $1 billion per we
30、ek. Hurricane Andrew, the Midwest flood of 1993, and the Hanshin earthquake have shown that individual disasters can cost tens if not hundreds of billions of dollars. This increasing cost has resulted in greater funding from government and industry for the development of technologies related to disa
31、ster prediction, and has led to more research into the effective use of predictive information.The insurance industry has long been aware of the dangers of natural disasters; the 1906 earthquake in San Francisco, California, bankrupted scores of insurance companies. But the industry has focused part
32、icular attention on disaster prediction in recent years, as spiraling costs revealed that many companies had underestimated their financial exposure. For instance, prior to Hurricane Andrew in 1992, many insurance experts thought that the worst hurricane possible would do no more than $8 billion in
33、damages to the industry. The damages caused by Hurricane Andrew, estimated at about $17 billion, shattered these beliefs. Today, estimates of worst-case disaster scenarios approach $100 billion. The insurance industry has therefore increased its support for research into disaster prediction. One suc
34、h effort involves a number of companies that have joined together to support the Bermuda-based Risk Prediction Initiative, which funds disaster research. The expectation is that the resulting information will place the industry on a more solid foundation to make decisions about the risk of future di
35、sasters. The industry has also lobbied for the government to bear some of the financial burden of disaster insurance. Such a program already exists for flood insurance, set up in the late 1960s by the federal government to insure flood-prone areas. These types of programs, effectively implemented, c
36、ould be increasingly necessary in the future to make insurance available in areas prone to disasters.Because the stakes are so high, the science of disaster prediction has a bright future. The various projects and programs illustrate that disaster prediction is a topic 第6页共 12 页of concern to scienti
37、sts and policy makers alike. Hurricanes, tornadoes, floods, earthquakes, tsunamis, and volcanoes all show that the effective use of disaster predictions not only requires advanced technology but also requires that society consider the entire process of prediction - forecasts, communication, and use
38、of information. Because they cannot predict the future with certainty, and because much remains to be learned, scientists warn that society must understand the limits of scientific predictions and be prepared to employ alternatives. Wisely used, however, disaster prediction has the potential to redu
39、ce societys vulnerability to natural disasters.Questions 5-85. The result of the increasing costs in natural disasters is_ A. great loss suffered by commercial companies.B. governments increased attention on disasters.C. individual awareness to natural disasters.D. more funds to support the predicti
40、on research.6. The difference between the actual loss caused by Hurricane Andrew and the loss estimated by insurance companies before the hurricane is_A.1 billion dollars. B. 8 billion dollars.C. 9 billion dollars.D. 17 billion dollars.7. The purpose of insurance companies to support disaster predic
41、tion research is that_A. companies want to make more money from the insured places.B. companies may thus have a better idea of the future risks.C. companies can get more sympathies from the government.D companies intend to make use of peoples trust in the industry.8. The key factor to reduce society
42、s vulnerability to natural disasters is _A. insurance companies should be wise enough in their estimates of losses.B. the government should bear some of the financial risks of disaster insurance.C. the general public should be made fully aware of the possible damages.D. technology should be improved
43、 and three phases of prediction be considered. TEXT CIn my memories of six reigns I have tried to show you a side of life as a member of the Royal Family which may prove that when all is said and done we are just human beings like everybody else. It is true, our interests being so varied, we are not
44、 able to devote ourselves to one settled and definite career. To prove this you need 第7页共12 页only read the list of engagements the Royal Family have to fulfill the many different functions, social as well as charitable. And remember, it is not enough only to be present at those functions, or just to
45、 give ones name as Patron or President, but in order to carry out these duties wholeheartedly, with sympathy and understanding, one has to study and, if I may say, “be up in” the duty one has to perform. I look at my engagement book and wish I had not promised to attend quite so many Committees, Cha
46、rities, Dinners, Bails, and Concerts. But it is really all so worthwhile and the gratitude and thanks of those who have had the trouble and worry of organizing the particular fete one is helping do more than compensate for the fatigue one may experience. I am telling you this because I feel it is im
47、portant for you to realize that we-the Royal Family-of which I have the honor and privilege to be a member-are not merely figureheads, but in our different ways contribute something definite to the life of the nation. We are Servants of the Public.When the Sovereign succeeds to the throne, he or she dedicates his whole existence to th
