1、Language Pointscommit(1)以投入：花（时间或金钱等）以，忠于，全心全意投入（工作、活动等)commit.to.把投入committed adj.尽心尽力的：坚定的：坚信的be committed to(doing)sth.献身于/致力于（做）某事They called on Western countries to commit more money to the poorest countries.他们呼吁西方国家向最贫穷的国家投人更多的资金。He was _(commit)to the cause of charity.他献身于慈善事业。committed(2)vt.
2、承诺；保证；答应commit oneself to(sth./doing sth./do sth.承诺；保证（做某事、遵守协议或安排等）3Both sides committed themselves _(settle)the dispute peacefully.双方承诺和平解决争端。(3)vt.做出（错事）；犯（罪）commit a mistake/crime犯错误/罪commit suicide 自杀Whoever _ will be punished by law.任何人犯了罪都将受到法律的制裁。commit a crimeto settling【语境串记】I committed my
3、self to taking care of her,but soon found that I just committed a mistake.我承诺照顾她，但很快发现我犯了一个错误。acknowledge vt.认可；承认（属实、权威等）；(公开)感谢；告知收到【一词多义】写出下列句中acknowledge的汉语意思She acknowledged your help in her letter.The company acknowledged the receipt of the goods(2019全国卷)Her years of hard work have finally bee
4、n acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名)her to be CheshiresWoman Of The Year.感谢告知收到承认(1)acknowledge(doing)sth.承认（做）某事acknowledge that.承认acknowledge.as/to be.认为是It is universally/widely acknowledged that.是大家所公认的。(2)acknowledgement n.承认；感谢in acknowledgement of.为表示对的感谢；以承认He acknowledged having be
5、en defeated/that he was defeated in the match.他承认在比赛中被打败了。He is widely acknowledged _ one of the best swimmers in China.=_that he is one of the best swimmers in China.他被公认为中国最佳的游泳选手之一。We are sending you a small sum of money _ your help为感谢你的帮助，我们给你寄上一小笔钱as/to beIt is widely ackowledgedin acknowledgem
6、ent ofdefeat n.失败；挫败 vt.击败；战胜 Our school basketball team has hardly suffered a defeat these years.我们学校篮球队这几年几乎没有输过。I tried to comfort him after he_ (defeat)by his opponent.他被对手击败后，我尽力安慰他。was defeated辨析比较defeat,beat,windefeat后只接人作宾语，既可指比赛，也可指战场上战胜对手beat后只接人作宾语，侧重于比赛中击败对手win后接事或物时，表示“荣获；赢得”，宾语常为比赛、战斗、
7、奖品等；后接人时，表示“争取某人”选用上述单词填空No one can _you other than yourself.Their team has _ the game.I could always _ my brother at chess.defeatwonbeatapparently ad,.显而易见；看来；显然apparent adj 明显的；表面的；看起来It is apparent(that).,很显然It is apparent from.that.从可以明显看出It is apparent to sb.that.在某人看来很明显(2020全国卷I)The kids appa
8、rently know the truth.孩子们显然知道真相It is apparent _that_ he has made great progress.很显然，他取得了很大的进步It is apparent _to_ us that obtaining enough water is problematic.在我们看来，要获得充足的水很明显还存在问题。.Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria,and is thought to save 100,000 lives a year in Africa
9、 alone.青蒿素成了抗疟疾药物的关键成分，据估计每年仅在非洲就挽救了10万人的性命(1)“Sb./Sth.+be+过去分词+to do.”句型，表示“据某人/某物做”，可与“Its十过去分词十that.。”互换。常用于此句型的动词的过去分词有：said,thought,believed,hoped,reported,known,proved,considered等。His sister is said to go abroad for further study next month.=Its said that his sister will go abroad for further
10、study next month.据说他妹妹下个月要出国进修。They are reported to be building a new railway.=_they are building a new railway.据报道，他们正在修建一条新铁路。It is reported that(2)在“Sb./Sh.十be十过去分词+to do.”句型中，不定式有几种不同的形式：to do.,.(表示主动，动作将要发生)Sb./Sh十be十过去分词十 to be doing.，(表示主动，动作正在进行)to have done.(表示主动，动作已完成)Mr Smith is said _nex
11、t month.据说，史密斯先生下个月会出国。Mr Smith is said_three times.据说，史密斯先生已经出国三次了。Mr Smith is said_ abroad now.据说，史密斯先生现在正在国外学习。to go abroadto have been abroadto be studyingUpon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize,she said,The honour is not justn mine.There is a team behind me,and all the people of
12、my country.当听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖时，她说：“这份荣誉不仅仅属于我。我的身后是一个团队以及全国人民”(1)upon prep.“在后立即；一就”，其后应接名词或动名词，不接句子，可与on互换Upon hearing the news of the air attack,most people headed for the border.一听到空袭的消息，大多数人便前往边境。_from Beijing,he began his research work.他一从北京回来就开始了他的研究工作。Upon returning/his return(2)表示“一就”的常用词（组）有：dire
13、ctly/instantly/immediately,as soon as,hardly.when.,no sooner.than.,the moment/minute/second/instant等。Hardly had I got home _ fell ill.我一到家就病倒了。No sooner had I arrived at school _it began to rain.我刚到学校就开始下起了雨。He said hed phone you the moment he got home.他说他一到家就给你打电话。名师点津当hardly,no sooner位于句首时，它们所在的句子要使用部分倒装。whenthan
