1、Unit 1 People of Achievement Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine 1.physiology /fzildi/n.生理学；生理机能 physi=nature physio=生理/-logy=study 2.artemisinin/,tmisnn/n.【药药】青蒿素青蒿素3.wormwood/wmwd/n.蒿；洋艾蒿；洋艾4.malaria/mleri/n.疟疾疟疾5.crucial/krul/adj.至关重要的；关键性的至关重要的；关键性的(1)very important=vital(2)Tu Youyou discover
2、ed artemisinin,which is a crucial new treatment for malaria.(3)It is crucial for teenagers to develop into nature and responsible members of society.(4)The early learning years are crucial to/for a childs educational development.6.vital/vat()l/adj.必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的(1)very important
3、or necessary(essential)(2)Consideration for other people is vital to/for all of us.(3)Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria.(4)The tourist industry is indeed of vital importance to the national mit/kmt/vt.&vi.承诺；保证（某个人、机构等）；忠于；全心全意承诺；保证（某个人、机构等）；忠于；全心全意投入（工作、活动）投入（工作、活动）(1
4、)犯（错误、罪行等）to do some thing wrong or illegal commit murder/a crime/a mistake/suicide(2)vt.&vi.(使)承担义务；（使）做出保证 to make a definite agreement or promise to do sth.a:A talent scientists well known for his commitment to his country,Huang Danian committed himself to his research in geophysics.黄大年是一位以献身祖国而闻
5、名的天才科学家，他致力于地球物理学研究。b:Both sides committed themselves to settle the conflicts peacefully.(3)vt.投入 to spend money or time on sth/sb:He commits an hour to reading the newspaper every morning.-commitment n.奉献；投入；承诺-committed adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的 willing to work very hard at sth.Tu Youyou is a committed and pa
6、tient scientist.8.academy/kdmi/n.（艺术、文学、科学等的）（艺术、文学、科学等的）研究院；学会；专科研究院；学会；专科 院校（军事，音乐等）；院校（军事，音乐等）；（美国的）私立学校（美国的）私立学校 Chinese Academy of Sciences 中国科学院9.academic/kdemk/adj.学业的；学术的学业的；学术的(1)学校的；学院的 connected with the educational activities of schools,colleges and universities the office of academic af
7、fairs(2)学术的 connected with studying from books,opposite to practical skills10.objective/bdektv/+ly adv.(1)n.C 目标；目的=goal set/achieve/meet an objective The Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the objective of discovering a new treatment for malaria.中国政府组建一支以探索治疗疟疾新方法为目的的科学家队伍。(2)adj.客
8、观的 反反 subjective an objective assessment/measurement 客观评价/度量 11.botanical /btnk()l/adj.植物学的植物学的 a botanical garden 植物园 botany /bt()ni/n.植物学 botanist 13.property /prpti/n.性质；特征；财产性质；特征；财产(1)U 所有物；财产；资产；（房）地产 intellectual property(IP)知识产权 property rights 产权 eg:He made a fortune selling property in Spa
9、in.(2)C（常用pl.）性质；性能；特性 chemical/physical properties eg:课文 Her team examined over 2,000 old medical texts,and evaluated 280,000 plants for their medical properties.12.evaluate vt.评价；评估评价；评估 evaluation n.评估；评价 to judge how good,useful,or successful sth is(assess)(1)The scientists were evaluating the e
10、xperiment.(2)We need to evaluate how well the policy is working.14.distinct/dstkt/adj.清晰的；清楚的；有区别的清晰的；清楚的；有区别的-distinction n.区别；差别；不同 +ly adv.清楚地；明显地(1)Clearly different or of a different kind（明显）有区别的；截然不同的eg:(课文)For their research,they discovered and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical trea
11、tments that showed promise in the fight against malaria.通过研究,他们发现并测试了380种不同的有望战胜疟疾的古代中医疗法。eg:(课文)The two flowers are quite distinct from one another,so it is easy to make a distinction between them.(2)easily or clearly seen,heard,smelled,etc.清晰的；明显的 distinct writing 15.extract/ekstrkt/n.提取物；摘录提取物；摘录
12、 vt.提取；提炼；摘录；（用力）拔出提取；提炼；摘录；（用力）拔出eg:课文Using a lower temperature to draw out the extract,she found a substance that worked.通过使用更低的温度萃取提取物后，她发现一种有效物质。16.boil /bl/vt.&vi.（使）（使）沸腾；煮开；烧开沸腾；煮开；烧开(1)vt.&vi.（使）沸腾；煮开；烧开 boiled water boiling water eg:A watched pot never boils.(2)vi.发怒；发火 eg:Her rudeness made
13、 her boil with anger.(怒不可遏)17.liquid /lkwd/n.液体液体 adj.液体的；液态的液体的；液态的 eg:Most matter has three states:solid,liquid and gas.18.obtain/bten/vt.（尤指经努力）获得；赢得（尤指经努力）获得；赢得 to get sth,especially by making an effort(get)eg:(课文)They then tried boiling fresh wormwood,and using the liquid obtained from this to
14、treat malaria,but this did not work either.之后，他们尝试水煎新鲜青蒿叶，用熬出的液体治疗疟疾，但是依然无效。19.acknowledge/knld/vt.承认（属实、权威等）；承认（属实、权威等）；（公开）感谢（公开）感谢-acknowledgement n.承认；确认；鸣谢（常用承认；确认；鸣谢（常用pl.）(1)to accept or admit that sth is true or exists:承认 acknowledge doing/having done sth.eg:They acknowledge him as/to be one
15、 of the greatest pianists.(2)to show that you have seen or noticed sb/sth or received sth:向打招呼；对做出反应 eg:I was standing right next to her,but she didnt even acknowledge me.(3)to publicly express thanks for help you have been given:（公开）感谢 eg:Tu Youyou acknowledged all of people,who have supported her
16、to do the research.20.defeat/dfit/n.失败；挫败失败；挫败 vt.击败；战胜击败；战胜(1)vt.beat 战胜；打败 defeat an enemy(2)n.失败；挫败 suffer a defeat acknowledge/admit/accept defeat a narrow/heavy defeat 21.analyse/nlaz/vt.分析分析 -analysis n.分析分析 analyse data/statistics 22.apparently /prntli/adv.显而易见；看来；显而易见；看来；显然显然 -apparent adj.e
17、g:(课文)She concluded that boiling the sweet wormwood apparently destroyed its medical properties.她得出结论，认为水煎青蒿显然破坏了它的药学属性。-apparent adj.(1)明显的；显而易见的（obvious）eg:It soon became apparent to everyone that he couldnt sing.eg:For no apparent reason,the train suddenly stopped.eg:It was apparent from her face
18、 that she was really miserable.(某事表明)(2)表面上的eg:He did well in his exams,despite his apparent lack of interest in his work.23.substance /sbstns/n.物质；物品；事实根据物质；物品；事实根据 a chemical/radioactive substance a man/woman of substance 25.mostly/mstli/adv.主要地主要地(mainly)；一般地；一般地eg:The passage mostly contains fac
19、ts.24.insist /nsst/vi.坚持；坚决要求坚持；坚决要求(1)to demand that sth should happen:坚持；坚决要求 insist on/upon(doing)坚决要求(做)eg:Tu Youyou insisted and her members even insisted on testing the medicine on themselves to make sure that it was safe.insist+(that)(should)do sth eg:He insisted(that)the problem(should)be discussed at the meeting.(2)to sat firmly that sth is true,especially when others dont believe you:坚持认为eg:He insisted that he was right.25.scientific adj.科学（上）的；科学（上）的；关于科学的关于科学的-science n.-scientist n.Unit 1 People of Achievement Words and Expressions
