1、SectionSection A AReadingReading andand ThinkingThinking选修一选修一 Unit 1 Learning About Language 知识点讲练知识点讲练 .知识体系图解 重点词汇 1.penicillin n.2.flee vi.&vt.3.novelist n.4.chart n.vt.5.n.结论;推论 6.n.usually pl.条件;环境;状况 7.n.(长篇)小说 8.n.流;流动;流畅;供应vi.流;流动 青霉素;盘尼西林 迅速离开;逃跑 小说家图表 记录;制订计划conclusioncircumstancenovelflo
2、w 重点短语1.be distinct from 2.with the objective of 3.care about 4.show promise in 5.under construction 6.(正常使用造成的)磨损;损耗 7.流程图8.得出结论9.改变主意10.失去控制 与不同 带着目的关心;在乎在显示出潜力 在建设中wear and tearflow chartcome to a conclusionchange ones mindbeyond ones control1.Did you come to any conclusions?你得出结论了吗?【词汇精讲】conclus
3、ion n.结论;推论【词汇拓展】conclude vt.&vi.推断出;结束;达成 conclude(sth)with.以结束come to/reach/draw a conclusion得出结论in conclusion总而言之单句语法填空(1)He concluded his speech a famous saying,“Where there is a will,there is a way.”(2)Ive come to the (conclude)that hes not the right person for the job.(3)conclusion,walking is
4、a cheap,safe,enjoyable and readily available form of exercise.with conclusionIn2.Her circumstances are beyond our control.她的情况是我们无法控制的。【词汇精讲】circumstance n.条件;环境;状况(常用复数形式)【词汇拓展】in/under the circumstances 在这种情况下in/under no circumstances 决不;无论如何都不(位于句首时,句子要用部分倒装)in/under any circumstances 在任何情况下单句语法填
5、空(1)It might not be a perfect solution,but its the best I can do the circumstances.(2)Under such (circumstance),we need to insist that houses are for living in and not for speculation.完成句子(3)当我决定接受这份工作时,我完全没有料到会遇到这么多问题。Under no circumstancesthat I would meet so many problems when I decided to take t
6、he job.under/in circumstancesdid I expect1.It struck him that the other Chinese men in the photo apparently did not care about what was happening to their fellow countrymen.他感到惊讶的是,照片中的其他中国男人显然不在乎同胞们发生了什么。【句式剖析】It是形式主语,that引导的从句是真正的主语,what引导的句子作介词about的宾语。It strikes sb that.“某人突然想到,某人感到惊讶的是”It hit(s
7、)sb+从句 某人突然想起It occurs/occurred to sb that.某人突然想到【句式拓展】一句多译我突然想起那天下午我有个重要的班会要参加。(1)that I had an important class meeting to attend that afternoon.(hit)(2)me that I had an important class meeting to attend that afternoon.(occur)(3)that I had an important class meeting to attend that afternoon.(strike
8、)It hit me It occurred toIt struck me2.Id like to try that Chinese herbal medicine again,which seems to work best for my cough.我想再试一次那种中草药,它似乎对我的咳嗽最有效。【句式剖析】本句是一个复合句。主句是Id like to try.,which引导的是非限制性定语从句。would like意为“愿意;想要”,后接名词、代词或动词不定式作宾语。【句式拓展】feel like意为“想要”,后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语。I am very thirsty
9、and feel like a drink now.我很渴,现在想喝点饮料。用所给词的适当形式填空(1)I would like you(buy)some chicken and two cabbages for me.(2)Would you like(listen)to the concert?Sorry.I feel like(go)to the movies.to buy to listengoing限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句1.限制性定语从句限制性定语从句限制性定语从句对先行词具有限制作用限制性定语从句对先行词具有限制作用,使该词的含义更具体、更使该词的含义更具体、更明确明确,
10、这种从句不能省掉这种从句不能省掉,否则句子的意义就不完整否则句子的意义就不完整,从句与主句之从句与主句之间不能用逗号隔开。间不能用逗号隔开。Do you remember the Qing Dynasty vase which I bought last year?你记得我去年买的那个清代花瓶2.非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句跟先行词的关系并不十分密切非限制性定语从句跟先行词的关系并不十分密切,只是做一些附加只是做一些附加说明说明,不起限制作用不起限制作用,这类从句往往用逗号与主句分开。这类从句往往用逗号与主句分开。John,who sells ancient vases,i
11、s an old friend of my fathers.卖古代花瓶的约翰是我父亲的一位老朋友。We walked down the village street,which led to the temple.我们沿着村子的大街走去,大街通向庙宇。3.限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别(1)形式不同形式不同限制性定语从句与其先行词之间不用逗号隔开限制性定语从句与其先行词之间不用逗号隔开,非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句与其先行词之间一般用逗号隔开。与其先行词之间一般用逗号隔开。I will never forget the days which w
12、e spent together visiting the Summer Palace.我永远不会忘记我们一起参观颐和园的那些日子。(2)意义不同意义不同限制性定语从句与其先行词关系十分密切限制性定语从句与其先行词关系十分密切,如果去掉从句如果去掉从句,剩余的剩余的部分意思往往不完整部分意思往往不完整,甚至失去意义甚至失去意义;非限制性定语从句只是其先非限制性定语从句只是其先行词的附加说明行词的附加说明,如去掉如去掉,句子剩余部分意思仍然完整。句子剩余部分意思仍然完整。It happened in November when the weather was wet and cold.这件事发生
13、在天气又湿又冷的十一月。His sister,who works in an antique shop,is coming to see him tomorrow.他在古董店工作的姐姐明天来看他。(3)翻译不同翻译不同翻译限制性定语从句时翻译限制性定语从句时,一般先翻译从句一般先翻译从句,后后翻译翻译主句主句;翻译非限制翻译非限制性定语从句时性定语从句时,一般先一般先翻译翻译主句主句,后翻译从句后翻译从句,形成两个并列分句或形成两个并列分句或其他类型的分句。其他类型的分句。I have a son who is now studying in the USA.我有一个现在在美国学习的儿子。(可
14、能还有儿子在别处)I have a son,who is now studying Chinese in the university.我有一个儿子,他现在在大学学习汉语。(含有“我只有一个儿子”之意)(4)先行词不同先行词不同限制性定语从句的先行词一般为单个的名词或代词限制性定语从句的先行词一般为单个的名词或代词;非限制性定非限制性定语从句的先行词既可以是单个的名词或代词语从句的先行词既可以是单个的名词或代词,也可以是整个句子。也可以是整个句子。Mike sold the old house which came down from his father.(先行词是the old house
15、)迈克卖掉了从他父亲手里传下来的老房子。Mike sold the old house,which made his father very angry.(先行词为逗号前的整个句子,即卖房子这件事)迈克把老房子卖了,这使得他的父亲很生气。(5)引导词不同引导词不同能引导限制性定语从句的引导词一般都能引导非限制性定语从句。能引导限制性定语从句的引导词一般都能引导非限制性定语从句。但请注意但请注意:that不能用来引导非限制性定语从句不能用来引导非限制性定语从句【误】They look very happy,that means that they have won the match.【正】Th
16、ey look very happy,which means that they have won the match.他们看上去很高兴,这意味着他们赢得了比赛。用所给词的适当形式填空1.Generally,it is(acknowledge)that the shortest distance between people is a sincere smile.答案acknowledged2.The car got(stick)in the mud and had to rely on horses to get rid of it.答案stuck3.(evaluate)of this ne
17、w treatment cannot take place until all the data have been collected.答案Evaluation4.He devoted his life to promoting world peace,so he(award)the Nobel Peace Prize.答案was awarded5.Liquid(obtain)from the bark of this tree can be used to treat several kinds of diseases.答案obtained用非限制性定语从句完成句子1.这个纸条是吉姆留的,他刚才在这。The note was left by Jim,.答案who was here a moment ago2.她把我介绍给她的朋友,这人我以前没见过。She introduced me to her friend,.答案whom I hadnt met before3.这是乔治,他爸爸是一名公交司机。This is George,.答案whose father is a bus driver
