1、Topic 2 Family Life家庭生活家庭生活核心语法突破:形容词和副词核心语法突破:形容词和副词1(2010河北,29)The Internet is very useful for us.We can _ find information.Aeasy Beasily Chard Dhardly考查方式副词修饰实义动词。根据第一句考查方式副词修饰实义动词。根据第一句The Internet is very useful for us.可知,本题是在说网络的优点:对我们来说网络可知,本题是在说网络的优点:对我们来说网络很有用,我们很容易就能找到相关信息,很有用,我们很容易就能找到相关信
2、息,find 为实义动词,要用为实义动词,要用副词修饰,故选副词修饰,故选B。B2(2010河北,34)Sometimes walking is even _ than driving during the busy traffic time.Afast Bfaster Cslow Dslower考查形容词的比较级。本题是动名词作主语,两个事物考查形容词的比较级。本题是动名词作主语,两个事物walking 和和driving比较,但要注意后面半句中的语境比较,但要注意后面半句中的语境during the busy traffic time“在交通高峰期时在交通高峰期时”,那么应该是有时走路甚至
3、,那么应该是有时走路甚至(even)比开车更快。注意比开车更快。注意even是常用来修饰比较级的单词之一,故是常用来修饰比较级的单词之一,故此题选此题选B。B3(2011河北,34)Of all the subjects,chemistry seems to be_ for me.Adifficult Btoo difficultCmore difficult Dthe most difficult考查形容词最高级。句子中有考查形容词最高级。句子中有of/in 构成的表示范围的短语时,构成的表示范围的短语时,通常会使用形容词或副词的最高级。此题开头有通常会使用形容词或副词的最高级。此题开头有O
4、f all the subjects,故选故选D。D4(2012河北,31)You are doing great!Ive never had _ answer before.Abetter Bbest Ca better Dthe best考查形容词比较级。本题是暗含比较。根据句意考查形容词比较级。本题是暗含比较。根据句意“你的表现你的表现真棒!我以前真棒!我以前(before)从未得到过一个更好的答案从未得到过一个更好的答案”可知,此空缺可知,此空缺少两层意思,少两层意思,“一个一个”和和“更好的更好的”,故选故选C。C5(2012河北,33)Martha is a _ girl.She
5、always smiles and says hello to others.Ashy Bfriendly Ccrazy Dhealthy6(2013河北,31)Im sorry Im late.I should get here 10 minutes _Aearly Bearlier Cthe earlier Dthe earliest考查形容词作定语。根据第二句中的描述,女孩爱笑、乐于考查形容词作定语。根据第二句中的描述,女孩爱笑、乐于与人交往,表明她与人交往,表明她“friendly”。故选。故选B。B考查副词比较级。根据第一句中考查副词比较级。根据第一句中Im late可知,我应该提前
6、可知,我应该提前十分钟到这儿,故选十分钟到这儿,故选B。B7(2013河北,42)We can hardly believe that you learn to dance so _Aquick Bquickly Cuseful Dusefully8(2014河北,31)How _ Cindy grows!Shes almost as tall as her mother now.Acute Bstrong Cfast Dstraight 考查方式副词修饰实义动词。根据主句中考查方式副词修饰实义动词。根据主句中can hardly believe(几乎无法相信几乎无法相信)可知是你学得真快,因
7、为可知是你学得真快,因为learn为实义动词,用副词为实义动词,用副词修饰,故选修饰,故选B。B考查方式副词修饰实义动词。第一句为感叹句,因为考查方式副词修饰实义动词。第一句为感叹句,因为grow为为实义动词,用副词修饰;由第二句实义动词,用副词修饰;由第二句“她现在几乎和她妈妈一样高了她现在几乎和她妈妈一样高了”可知是可知是“长得快长得快”,故选,故选C。C9(2014河北,41)Water is the cheapest drink.And it is also _Ahealthier BhealthiestCthe healthier Dthe healthiest 考查形容词最高级。第
8、一句中有考查形容词最高级。第一句中有the cheapest(最便宜的最便宜的),前,前后两句顺接并列,因此也用最高级,保持形式的一致,故选后两句顺接并列,因此也用最高级,保持形式的一致,故选D。D10(2015河北,30)Mom,Im very _ for all your love.Athankful BcarefulCuseful Dhelpful考查形容词短语固定搭配。考查形容词短语固定搭配。be thankful to sb.for sth.为某事为某事对某人心怀感激;对某人心怀感激;be careful with/of sth.小心,注意;小心,注意;be useful to sb
9、.对某人有用对某人有用/有益;有益;be helpful to sb.对某人有帮助,从句意可知对某人有帮助,从句意可知是对妈妈的爱心存感激,故选是对妈妈的爱心存感激,故选A。A11(2015河北,33)The movie covers all of Chinese history.It is _ worth seeing again.Amainly Breally Cpossibly Dhardly12(2017河北,28)Eating dumplings at the Spring Festival is _ in China.Apatient Blucky Cpossible Dtradi
10、tional考查副词辨析。第一句考查副词辨析。第一句The movie covers all of Chinese history.这部电影涵盖了整个中国历史,所以真的这部电影涵盖了整个中国历史,所以真的(really)值得再看值得再看一次,故选一次,故选B。B考查形容词词义辨析。在中国过春节吃饺子是传统,考查形容词词义辨析。在中国过春节吃饺子是传统,traditional“传统的传统的”,故选,故选D。D13(2016河北,31)You bought the last ticket for the concert.How _ you are!Asweet Blucky Cstrange Df
11、unny14(2017河北,32)Mr.Liu is a really nice personthe _ person I know.Anicer Bnicest Chappier Dhappiest考查形容词词义辨析。从第一句考查形容词词义辨析。从第一句You bought the last ticket for the concert.你买到了最后一张音乐会的票可知,你买到了最后一张音乐会的票可知,是够幸运的,是够幸运的,故选故选B。考查形容词最高级。由考查形容词最高级。由I know可知,是可知,是“我认识的人中最好我认识的人中最好的一个的一个”,故选故选B。BB15(2012河北,83
12、改编)The father was _(pride)of his sons efforts at school.16(2013河北,82改编)Its a_(sun)day.Lets go outside and play.考查名词向形容词转化,形容词短语固定搭配。考查名词向形容词转化,形容词短语固定搭配。be proud of 为为感到自豪、骄傲。感到自豪、骄傲。proud考查名词向形容词转化,形容词作定语。考查名词向形容词转化,形容词作定语。day 为名词,前面为名词,前面用形容词作定语,用形容词作定语,sun 名词变形容词时双写名词变形容词时双写n再加再加y。sunny17(2014河北,
13、83改编)We should always speak _(polite)to our parents.18(2015河北,77改编)I am writing to tell you that I arrived home_(safe)考查方式副词修饰实义动词。考查方式副词修饰实义动词。speak为实义动词,用副词修为实义动词,用副词修饰,饰,polite 为形容词,加为形容词,加ly变副词。变副词。politely考查方式副词修饰实义动词。考查方式副词修饰实义动词。arrive为实义动词,用副词修为实义动词,用副词修饰,饰,safe为形容词,加为形容词,加ly变副词。变副词。safely19
14、(2015河北,78)I got very tired on the train and nearly fell a_ and missed my station!20(2016河北,76)I organized a picnic last Sunday.I got up e_and called some of my closest friends.考查固定搭配。考查固定搭配。fall asleep 睡着,另外,从后半句睡着,另外,从后半句missed my station可知是差点睡过站了。可知是差点睡过站了。sleep考查方式副词修饰实义动词。考查方式副词修饰实义动词。get up 为实
15、义动词构成的短语,为实义动词构成的短语,用副词修饰,由句意可知是用副词修饰,由句意可知是“起得早起得早”。arly21(2016河北,78)Everyone cooked the dishes that could be carried _(easy)22(2017河北,74)He often listens _(careful)to my problems.考查形容词向副词转化,副词修饰实义动词。考查形容词向副词转化,副词修饰实义动词。carry是实义是实义动词,用副词修饰,动词,用副词修饰,easy是以辅音字母是以辅音字母y结尾的形容词,变结尾的形容词,变y为为i,加加ly,变为副词。,变
16、为副词。easily考查形容词向副词转化,副词修饰实义动词。考查形容词向副词转化,副词修饰实义动词。listen是实义是实义动词,用副词修饰,动词,用副词修饰,careful是形容词,加是形容词,加ly,变为副词。,变为副词。carefully23(2017河北,77)On Friday afternoon,our school ends _(early)than usual.考查副词比较级,副词修饰实义动词。考查副词比较级,副词修饰实义动词。end此处是实义动词,此处是实义动词,意为意为“结束结束”,用副词修饰;又因为空后有,用副词修饰;又因为空后有than,所以此空需填,所以此空需填副词的
17、比较级;副词的比较级;early是以辅音字母是以辅音字母y结尾的双音节副词,变结尾的双音节副词,变y为为i,加加er,变为比较级。,变为比较级。earlier形容词和副词考点列表形容词、副词的分类及基本用法形容词、副词比较等级及基本用法形容词、副词比较等级的特殊用法形容词、副词词义辨析1形容词的分类及基本用法(1)普通形容词:用来修饰名词或代词,说明事物的性质和特征。可作定语、表语或补语。这类形容词有比较级和最高级的变化,而且可以用程度副词very、too 等进行修饰。eg:This beautiful girl has long hair.这个漂亮女孩有着一头长发。(形容词作定语,放在名词前
18、)语法归纳考点1 形容词和副词的分类及基本用法The girl is very clever.这个女孩很聪明。(形容词作表语,放在系动词后)She made me angry.她使我很生气。(形容词作宾语补足语,放在宾语后)(2)表语形容词:叙述某人或某物的一种情况或状态。这种形容词不能作前置定语,而常常作表语,放于系动词后。它们没有比较级的变化。以a开头的表语形容词大多属于这类形容词。afraid害怕的awake 醒着的asleep 睡着的alive 活着的alone 单独的 ashamed羞愧的glad 高兴的worth值得的unable 不能的 eg:The_(sick/ill)man
19、has been in hospital for one year.这个生病的男人已经住院一年了。He was still _(醒着的)until his mother came back.直到他妈妈回来的时候,他还醒着。sickawake(3)其他形容词:用来说明事物之间的关系或事物的用途、地位等。它们通常没有比较等级的变化,也不能用程度副词修饰。中国的_个人的_地方的_日常的_ 注意:“the形容词”指一类人或事物。老年人 _残疾人 _受伤的人_穷人_ Chinesepersonallocaldailythe oldthe disabledthe woundedthe poor 2副词的分
20、类及基本用法(1)时间副词:通常作句子的时间状语,说明动作或事情发生的时间,常放在句首或句尾。eg:He went home yesterday.他昨天回家了。常见的时间副词有:now,then,later,before,today,tomorrow,yesterday,tonight,ago,soon,lately,recently等。(2)地点、方位副词:通常作句子的地点状语,说明动作或事情发生的地点,可放于句首或句尾;如果有时间状语,要放于时间状语前。另外,地点副词与动词连用时,不加介词。eg:Can you help to carry this table upstairs?你能帮忙把
21、这张桌子搬到楼上去吗?She is coming here tomorrow.她明天会来这里。常见的地点、方位副词有:here,there,up,down,away,inside,outside,upstairs,downstairs 等。(3)方式副词:大多是由一个形容词加后缀ly构成。通常用来修饰实义动词,说明动作发生的方式和状态。位置十分灵活。eg:He read the letter slowly./He slowly read the letter./Slowly he read the letter.他慢慢地读那封信。常见的方式副词有:carefully,happily,quiet
22、ly,heavily,warmly,correctly,politely,angrily,suddenly,luckily,unluckily,quickly等。(4)频度副词:通常作句子的状语,说明动作或事情发生的频率。常放于be动词、助动词、情态动词后,实义动词前。eg:He is never late for school.他上学从不迟到。The weather often changes in England.英格兰的天气常常变化。常见的频度副词有:always,usually,often,sometimes,seldom,never等。(5)程度副词:通常放在形容词或副词前,用来修饰
23、形容词或副词,说明或强调形容词或副词所描述状态的程度。eg:He is writing very carefully.他正在很认真地写。常见的程度副词有:pretty,rather,quite,very,much,too,nearly,so等。(6)疑问副词:常放于句首,用作特殊疑问句的疑问词。eg:Where are you going?你要去哪里?常见的疑问副词有:when,where,why,how 等,用于引导特殊疑问句。(7)关系副词:用来引导定语从句。放于主句先行词(被修饰词)后,定语从句句首。eg:I still remember the day when you left Be
24、ijing.我仍然记得你离开北京的那一天。This is the place where we met for the first time.这就是我们初次见面的地方。Could you please tell me the reason why you were late this morning?你能告诉我你今天早晨迟到的原因吗?1形容词和副词比较级、最高级的构成(1)规则变化 coldcoldercoldesttall_warm_slow _hard_fast_loud_一般的单音节词和少数双音节词一般在词尾加er,est。考点2 形容词和副词的比较等级及基本用法tallertalles
25、twarmerwarmestslowerslowestharderhardestfasterfastestlouderloudest bravebraverbravestlarge_nice_ _以不发音的e结尾时,在词尾加r,st。sadsaddersaddestwet_ _ hot_thin_ fat_ _big_ _重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的,双写该辅音字母再加er,est。largerlargestnicernicestwetterwettesthotterhottestthinnerthinnestfatterfattestbiggerbiggesthappyhappie
26、r happiestdirty_busy_friendly_heavy_healthy_ early_easy_以“辅音字母y结尾”的双音节词,变y为i,再加er,est。dirtierdirtiestbusierbusiestfriendlierfriendliestheavierheaviesthealthierhealthiestearlierearliesteasiereasiestusefulmore useful most useful beautiful_careful_ _helpful_ _difficult_ _important_ _slowly_ _quickly_ _
27、loudly_ _politely_ _多音节词和部分双音节词,在原级前 加 more,most。注意:在形容词后加ly变为副词的词,要在前面加more,most变为比较级和最高级。more beautifulmost beautifulmore carefulmost carefulmore helpfulmost helpfulmore difficultmost difficultmore importantmost importantmore slowlymost slowlymore quicklymost quicklymore loudlymost loudlymore poli
28、telymost politely(2)不规则变化good/well_bad/ill/badly_ many/much_little_ far_old_betterbestworseworstmoremostlessleastfarther/furtherfarthest/furthestolder/elderoldest/eldest2形容词和副词比较级、最高级的用法(1)原级常用于“as原级as”结构中,表示双方在程度、特征 等方面相同;否定结构为“not so/as 原级as”,表示“不如”。eg:Lucy draws as _(好)as her sister.He doesnt swi
29、m so _(快)as Frank.(2)比较级常用于“比较级than”结构中,表示“更”。比较级前可用a bit,a little,much,far,a lot,even,still 来修饰。eg:Its _(稍冷一点)today than it was yesterday.Traveling by plane is _(贵得多)than traveling by bus.wellfasta bit coldermuch more expensive(3)最高级用在“the最高级比较范围”结构中,表示“是中最的”。比较范围可以用“in/of范围”,若“范围”是与主语同范畴的用of,若为不同范
30、畴的词,则常用in。eg:The picture is the best _ the hall.这张照片是大厅中最好的。_all the students,Lucy runs the fastest.所有的学生中,露西跑得最快。inOf1I grow_(越来越高)as time goes by.Its becoming_(越来越难)to find a job.“比较级and比较级”,表示“越来越”。加er变比较级的,直接用and连接两个一样的比较级;加more 变比较级的,用and连接两个more,再加上形容词。2_(good)the weather is,_(good)we feel.“th
31、e比较级,the比较级”表示越越”。考点3 形容词和副词比较等级的特殊用法taller and tallermore and more difficultThe betterthe better3Of the two rooms,this one is _ one.这两个房间相比,这一间更明亮。Of the two singers,she sings_.两位歌手中,她唱得更好。在与of the two 短语连用时,用the比较级表示“两者之中比较的”。4Shanghai is one of the_cities in the world.上海是世界最大城市之一。“one of the最高级可数
32、名词复数比较范围”表示“中最之一”。the brighter the betterlargest5The Yellow River is_ river in China.黄河是中国第二长河。“the序数词最高级”表示“第长/高/大/”6Their house is _他们的房子是我们的三倍大。Their house is _他们的房子比我们的大两倍。“倍数as原级as”表示“是几倍”;“倍数比较级than”表示“比大/高/几倍”。the second longestthree times as big as oursthree times bigger than ours1重要形容词词义辨析(
33、1)farther与furthereg:I cant go any_我再也走不动了。He went abroad for _ study.他去国外进修了。farther和further是far的比较级。其用法区别是:在谈论地点或距离“较远”时,farther和further可以互换;但further还有“更多的;更进一步的;更深远的”等含义,这时不能与farther互换。考点4 形容词和副词词义辨析farther further(2)fine,nice,good与welleg:What a fine day today!今天是多么晴朗的一天!fine adj.通常指天气好、身体好、发育好。eg
34、:Its a nice day.天气很好。Ann looks very nice.安看起来很漂亮。nice adj.可指天气好,人或物的相貌、外观好。eg:She is a good teacher.她是一名好老师。The piano is in good condition.这台钢琴状况良好。good adj.指人的品行好,物的质地、状况等良好eg:Hows your father?你父亲身体怎么样?Hes very well.他很好。He speaks Chinese very well.他汉语说得很好。well adj.意为“身体好的,健康的”;well adv.修饰动词,意为“得好”。
35、(3)ill与sickeg:She has been_ for two weeks.她已经病了两个星期了。The_ woman is his aunt.那个生病的妇女是他的阿姨。两个词都表示“病的,生病的”,都可以作表语;但作定语表示“病的,生病的”时,只能用sick而不能用ill(ill 作定语时,表示“坏的”)。ill/sicksick(4)lonely与 aloneeg:I feel lonely among the strangers.在陌生人中我感到孤独。She was alone in that dark room.她独自一人呆在那间黑屋子里。lonely“孤独的,寂寞的”,强调内
36、心的寂寞和孤独,用作定语或表语。alone adj.“单独的”,adv.“单独地”,侧重于单独存在或独自完成。(5)v.ing形容词与v.ed形容词的区别eg:I think the soccer game is exciting.我认为这场足球赛很激动人心。I am excited about the good news.我为这个好消息感到激动。v.ing形容词:多指事物对某人的影响,一般用来描述或修饰事物。ved形容词:多指人对事物的感受,主语一般是人,常用于“sb.bev.ed形容词介词”结构。2重要副词词义辨析(1)already与yeteg:I have_ finished my h
37、omework.我已经写完作业了。The teacher is too busy.She hasnt had her lunch _.这位老师太忙了,她还没吃午饭呢。already 用于肯定句中,表示“已经”,常与完成时连用。yet用于否定句和疑问句末,表示“某事尚未发生或尚未完成”。alreadyyet(2)too many,too much与much tooeg:There is _ meat on the plate.盘子里的肉太多了。He ate_ bananas today.他今天吃了太多的香蕉。The coat is_ expensive.这件外套太贵了。too many表示“太多
38、”,修饰可数名词复数;too much 与too many相对,修饰不可数名词。much too 修饰形容词或副词,表示“太,非常”。too muchtoo many much too(3)everyday和every dayeg:We often learn _ English in class.我们课上经常学习英语日常用语。We go to school at seven_我们每天七点上学。everyday adj.意为“每天的,日常的”,可作定语;every day 是副词短语,意为“每天”,可用作状语。everydayevery day(4)sometimes,some times,s
39、ome time与 sometimeeg:We should go to see him _ next week.我们应该下周(某个时间)去看望他。In winter holidays,I get up at half past seven _.在寒假,我有时七点半起床。I often spend_ with my family on weekends.我经常在周末和家人共度一段时光。I visited this city _.我到这个城市游览过几次。sometime意为“某一时间”,可指将来,也可指过去;sometimes意为“有时”;some time意为“一段时间”;some times
40、 意为“几次”。sometimesometimessome timesome times(5)such,so,quite,very与rather eg:She is_a lovely girl that we all like her.She is_ lovely a girl that we all like her.她是那么可爱的女孩,我们都喜欢她。This is a_ lovely girl.这是一个非常可爱的女孩。There are _ a few people in the room.这个房间里有相当多的人。I have walked about two hours.I feel _
41、tired.我已经走了大约两个小时了。我感觉相当累。suchsoveryquiterather/quite/very so 修饰形容词或副词;such 修饰名词。very,quite 与rather 这三个副词都可以表示程度,按由弱到强的程度可描述为:rather,quite,very。quite和rather可修饰名词,置于“不定冠词名词”之前。(6)tooto,sothat与beenough to do eg:The ice is _ thin for you_walk on.The ice is _ thin _ you cant walk on it.The ice is not_ _
42、 for you to walk on.这块冰太薄,你不能在上面走。tooto 太而不能,too后接形容词或副词;sothat 如此以至于,so后接形容词或副词;beenough to do 足够能够做,be后接形容词。通常来说,这三种句型可用于同义句转换。too toso thatthick enough1I know old Joe lives _We are supposed to visit him from time to time.Then he wont feel _Aalone;alone Blonely;lonelyClonely;alone Dalone;lonelyDal
43、one独自地,独自地,lonely孤独的。孤独的。Joe一个人生活,因此他会感到一个人生活,因此他会感到孤独。孤独。2What do you think of the movie?Great!I have never seen a _ one.Agood Bbad Cbetter Dworse3My deskmate is really _.She likes to attend different activities after school.Aactive Bquiet Clazy Dhonest“否定词比较级否定词比较级”表示最高级含义。答语意为表示最高级含义。答语意为“太棒了!我太棒
44、了!我从没看过比这更好的。从没看过比这更好的。”CA4Jenny is afraid to travel by plane.She always feels _ when getting on it.Anervous BinterestedCrelaxed Dhappy5As soon as I heard the news that I passed the driving test,I felt _ at once.Aangry BrelaxedCafraid Dnervous考查不定代词辨析。句意:水对于考查不定代词辨析。句意:水对于_是重要的,因此全是重要的,因此全世界有许多水节。由句
45、意可知水对于每个人都很重要。故选世界有许多水节。由句意可知水对于每个人都很重要。故选A。AB6It is five years since we began to enjoy a _ spring holiday each year.Atenday Bten dayCten days Dten days7Jim studies better than Tom,but Tom is _ and he has more friends.Afriendly Bmore friendlyCthe most friendly Dmost friendlyAB8We had a football matc
46、h yesterday.Our fans cheered us on _ and we felt more confident.Aslowly BloudlyCnearly Dcarelesslyslowly缓慢地;缓慢地;loudly大声地;大声地;nearly几乎,差不多;几乎,差不多;carelessly粗心地。句意:昨天我们有一场足球比赛。我们的球迷大声为我们粗心地。句意:昨天我们有一场足球比赛。我们的球迷大声为我们加油,我们感到更加自信了。加油,我们感到更加自信了。B9Sleeping is a good thing,but some people sleep_.Aeasily Bb
47、adlyCquickly Dwell10There was a big fire yesterday._ no one was hurt.ALuckily BLoudlyCAngrily DBadlyBAThank youThank you部:朩术朰朲朳枛朸朹朻朼朾朿杁杄杅杆圬杈杉杊杋杍杒杓杔杕杗杘杙杚杛杝杞杢杣杤杦杧杩杪杫杬杮柿杰东杲杳杴杵杶杷杸杹杺杻杼杽枀枂枃枅枆枇枈枊枋枌枍枎枏析枑枒枓枔枖枘枙枛枞枟枠枡枤枥枦枧枨枩枬枭枮枰枱枲枳枵枷枸枹枺枻枼枽枾枿柀柁柂柃柄柅柆柇柈柉柊柋柌柍柎柒柕柖柗柘柙查楂呆柙柚柛柜柝柞柟柠柡柢柣柤柦柧柨柩柪柬柭柮柯柰柲柳栅柶柷柸柹拐査柼柽柾栀栁栂栃栄栆栈栉栊栋栌栍栎
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