1、Unit 4 Stage and screen素养导航(主题语境人与社会文化艺术)Kunqu昆曲是中国传统戏曲中最古老的剧种之一,被称为百花园中的一朵“兰花”。昆曲发源于14世纪中国的苏州昆山一带,后经魏良辅等人的改良而走向全国,自明代中叶独领中国剧坛近300年。昆曲在2001年被联合国教科文组织列为“人类口述和非物质遗产代表作”。Kunqu,also known as Kunju,Kun Opera or Kunqu Opera,is one of the oldest extant(现存的)forms of Chinese opera.It evolved from the Kunshan
2、 melody,and dominated(支配)Chinese theatre from the 16th to the 18th centuries.Kunqu originated in the Wu cultural area.Kunqu boasts a 600-year history and is known as the“teacher”or“mother”of a hundred operas,because of its influence on other Chinese theatre forms,including Peking Opera.It appeared i
3、n the second Golden Era of Chinese drama,but by the early twentieth century it had nearly disappeared.One of the major literary forms of the Ming and Qing dynasties was Chuanqi drama,originating from the South.Chuanqi,an old form of dramatic opera,originated from the Nanxi in late 14th century befor
4、e the Kunqu opera arose.However,in late 16th century,Kunqu opera started to dominate large part of Chinese drama.Plays that continue to be famous today,including The Peony Pavilion and The Peach Blossom Fan,were originally written for the Kunqu stage.In addition,many classical Chinese novels and sto
5、ries,such as Romance of the Three Kingdoms,Water Margin and Journey to the West were adapted very early into dramatic pieces.Today,Kunqu is performed professionally in seven Mainland Chinese cities:Beijing,Shanghai,Suzhou,Nanjing,Chenzhou,Yongjia County/Wenzhou and Hangzhou,as well as in Taipei.Non-
6、professional opera societies are active in many other cities in China and abroad,and opera companies occasionally tour.Kunqu was listed as one of the Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO in 2001.Its melody or tune is one of the Four Great Characteristic Melodies in
7、Chinese Opera.词海拾贝evolve v.进化originate v.起源于influence n.影响disappear v.消失dramatic adj.戏剧的occasionally adv.偶尔典句欣赏Plays that continue to be famous today,including The Peony Pavilion and The Peach Blossom Fan,were originally written for the Kunqu stage.译文:牡丹亭桃花扇等至今仍著名的剧目,最初是为昆曲舞台而写的。分析:本句是一个复合句。主句是Plays
8、 were originally written for the Kunqu stage,that continue to be.是定语从句,including.是介词短语作状语。探究思辨1.How does the author support his idea that Kunqu Opera started to dominate large part of Chinese drama in late 16th century?答案:By giving examples.2.Have you ever seen any Peking Opera?What do you think of
9、it?答案:(Open.)Section AStarting out&Understanding ideas知识体系图解释义匹配阅读导学重点词汇 1.n.歌剧 2.n.运动,动作 3.n.方面 4.adj.女(性)的 5.n.技巧,手法 6.v.使改观,使变形,使转化 7.adj.精力充沛的,充满活力的 8.v.拍(手),鼓(掌)9.n.边缘 10.n.强烈的情感 11.n.愤怒,怒火 opera movementaspectfemaletechniquetransformenergeticclapedgeemotionanger知识体系图解释义匹配阅读导学12.version n.13.st
10、ring n.14.exaggerated adj.15.universe n.16.incredible adj.17.grief bine v.19.poetry n.20.explosive adj.版本(乐器的)弦(声音或动作)夸张的宇宙,天地,万物难以置信的悲痛(使)结合,(使)组合诗,诗歌爆炸(式)的,爆发的知识体系图解释义匹配阅读导学重点短语 1.be full of confidence 2.Peking Opera 3.date back to 4.get across 5.transform.into.6.at first 7.in fact 8.on the edge o
11、f ones seat 9.tick all the right boxes 充满信心京剧追溯到解释清楚,传达把变成起初事实上极为激动事情发展如人所愿,一切顺利知识体系图解释义匹配阅读导学10.熟悉 11.在相似 12.相当多 13.把和结合起来 14.查明,弄清 15.比一比,比较一下 be familiar withbe similar inquite a fewcombine.with.find outmake a comparison知识体系图解释义匹配阅读导学重点句式1.I was full of confidenceuntil the Peking Opera came to to
12、wn!2.The voices themselves sounded really uniquesome of the female voices were so high that I was sure they could break glass!知识体系图解释义匹配阅读导学.释义匹配1.movementA.one part of a situation,an idea,a plan etc.2.aspect B.a special way of doing something3.technique C.to completely change the appearance or char
13、acter of something or somebody4.transform D.all space,including all the stars and planets5.universe E.an act of moving the body or part of the body答案:1.E2.A3.B4.C5.D知识体系图解释义匹配阅读导学根据P38P39课文内容,选择正确答案1.What do we know from the first paragraph?A.The author majored in English literature at university.B.
14、Shakespeares Hamlet is popular all over the world.C.The author had seen the Peking Opera before.D.The Peking Opera version of Hamlet spread worldwide.2.What made the author amazed when watching the Peking Opera?A.The traditional Chinese instruments.B.An instrument with two strings called jinghu.C.Th
15、e costumes and masks of the actors.D.The exaggerated movements and mime.答案:B 答案:C 知识体系图解释义匹配阅读导学3.What did the author like best about the play?A.The unique voice of the actresses.B.The movements of the performers.C.The music made by Chinese instruments.D.The screen with Chinese characters.4.What doe
16、s the phrase“on the edge of my seat”probably mean?A.Very anxious.B.Really puzzled.C.Quite interested.D.Very excited.答案:B 答案:D 重点词汇1.Dating back to the 18th century,Peking Opera has over two hundred years of history.(教材P38)京剧可以追溯到18世纪,已有200多年的历史。【词汇精讲】句中的date back to相当于date from,意为“追溯到;始于”,无进行时态和被动语态
17、。The old town dates back to the late seventeenth century.这个古老的城镇始建于17世纪末。My interest in stamp collecting dates from/back to my school days.我从学生时代就开始爱好集邮。【温馨提示】date back to/date from作后置定语时,用动词-ing形式。There is a wooden tower dating back to Qing Dynasty in the village.村子里有一座清朝的木塔。The South Lake Park in
18、Changchun,dating back to 1933,is located in the southwestern part of the city.长春南湖公园始于1933年,位于城市的西南部。【词汇拓展】2.The performers of course sang in Chinese,but the music,exaggerated movements and mime helped get the meanings across to the audience.(教材P38)当然,表演者们用中文演唱,但音乐、夸张的动作和手势帮助观众理解了其中的含义。【词汇精讲】get acr
19、oss 意为“解释清楚,传达,使理解(某事)”。I tried to explain the problem,but the explanation didnt get across to the class.我试图把问题讲解清楚,但我的解释并不能使全班理解。The comedian didnt seem to be able to get his jokes across to his audience.这个喜剧演员似乎无法使观众了解他的笑话。【词汇拓展】I rang you several times yesterday but couldnt get through.昨天我给你打了好几次
20、电话,但都没有打通。Youll soon get over your shyness by means of speaking loud in public.通过在公共场合大声说话的方法,你会很快克服羞怯心理。3.It was so dazzling and energetic that I wasnt sure if the characters were performers or athletes!(教材P39)它是如此炫目并充满活力,以至于我不确定这些角色是演员还是运动员!【词汇精讲】energetic是形容词,意为“精力充沛的,充满活力的”。He knew I was energet
21、ic and dynamic and would get things done.他知道我精力充沛、生气勃勃,会把事情办成的。Her mother was a resourceful and energetic woman.她母亲是一个足智多谋、精力充沛的女人。【词汇拓展】We will also have to rely more on alternative energy,such as solar and wind power.我们也必须更多地依靠像太阳能和风能这样的可替代资源。While sitting in the classroom and doing my papers,I fe
22、lt confident and was full of energy.坐在教室里做试卷时,我感到信心十足、精力旺盛。【词汇辨析】It may take a few weeks for you to build up your strength again.可能需要几个星期你才能恢复体力。The force of the explosion broke the windows of several buildings.爆炸的冲力震碎了几栋楼房的玻璃窗。Human societies have the power to solve the problems confronting them.人类
23、社会有能力解决面临的问题。4.So,if you want to see a show that combines music,singing,drama,poetry and costume design with explosive effect,The Revenge of Prince Zidan ticks all the right boxes!(教材P39)所以,如果你想看一场集音乐、歌唱、戏剧、诗歌和服装设计与爆发式的效果于一体的节目,那么王子复仇记会如你所愿!【词汇精讲】句中的combine是动词,意为“(使)结合,(使)组合”。Several factors have co
24、mbined to ruin our plans.许多因素加在一起毁了我们的计划。【词汇拓展】If he can combine his ability with/and hard work,he should be very successful.如果他能把自己的才能和勤奋结合起来,他应该会非常成功的。We all agree that the work is the combination of science and art.我们都同意这项工作是科学和艺术的结合。重点句式1.I was full of confidenceuntil the Peking Opera came to to
25、wn!(教材P38)我充满信心,直到京剧来到我们的城镇!【句式剖析】until是连词,引导时间状语从句。until用于肯定句,修饰延续性动词,表示该动作或状态的终止时间,表示“直到”之意;用于否定句,修饰非延续性动词,表示该动作的开始时间。“not.until.”一般译为“直到才”。Helen had left her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband came home.海伦把钥匙落在办公室了,所以她不得不一直等到她丈夫回家才进去。The Olympic Games,first played in 776 B.C.
26、,did not include women players until 1912.奥林匹克运动会第一次举办是在公元前776年,直到1912年才有女选手参赛。【句式拓展】(1)强调肯定句中的until时间状语(从句)时,一般套用“It is/was until.that.”句型;强调否定句中的until时间状语(从句)时,可套用“It is/was not until.that.”句型。(2)not until位于句首时,句子要用倒装语序。It was not until he came back that I knew what had happened.直到他回来我才知道发生的事情。Not
27、 until one oclock this morning did they return.直到今天早晨一点他们才回来。2.The voices themselves sounded really uniquesome of the female voices were so high that I was sure they could break glass!(教材P38)这些声音本身听起来真的很独特有些女声音调太高了,我确信它们能震碎玻璃!【句式剖析】句中的so.that.意为“如此以至于”,so为副词,修饰形容词high;that 为连词,引导结果状语从句。She explains
28、English grammar so clearly that even I can understand it!她的英语语法解释得如此清楚,以至于连我都能明白!The moon is so far away from the earth that it looks rather small.月球离地球那么远,以至于它看起来很小。【句式拓展】There were so many people in the room that I couldnt get into it.房间里有那么多人,我进不去。This is such an interesting book that all the stu
29、dents in our class want to read it.这本书如此有趣,我们班所有的学生都想读。.课文语篇填空I thought I knew a lot about Hamlet because one of my main 1.(subject)in high school was English literature.I had seen quite a few productions of Hamlet and read the play many times,so I was 2.(confidence)until I went to watch the Peking
30、Opera version of Hamlet.The play started with an orchestra playing 3.(tradition)Chinese instruments,which brought a completely new sound to my Western ears.First,I heard music come from 4.instrument with two strings called jinghu.Then,I saw the main characters with costumes and masks come on stage;I
31、 was 5.(surprise).Though I didnt know Chinese,I understood the play from the music,exaggerated movements and mime.The voices 6.(them)sounded unique and the stage was really simple.subjects confidenttraditionalansurprisedthemselves7.I liked best was how the characters moved on stage.Prince Hamlet did
32、 a backflip,which was simply incredible.It was so dazzling and 8.(energy)that everyone was clapping.Before I watched the play,I wasnt sure if I would enjoy it.But,in fact,I was very excited!The strong emotions of love,anger,fear and grief in the 9.(perform)made me easily recognise the theme of Hamle
33、t.So,if you want to see a show bines music,singing,drama,poetry and costume design with explosive effect,The Revenge of Prince Zidan ticks all the right boxes!Whatenergeticperformancethat/which.概要写作根据教材P38P39的语篇内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要参考范文Having watched and read the play many times,I was sure I had a good kn
34、owledge of Hamlet.(要点1)But the Peking Opera version brought a completely new sound to my Western ears.(要点2)The music,the costumes and masks,and the movements of performers on the stage made me amazed.(要点3)I like Peking Opera because it combines music,singing,drama,poetry and costume design with explosive effect.(要点4)
