1、Unit 6 Earth first素养导航(主题语境人与自然环境保护)Are Shark Nets Necessary?为了防止鲨鱼对人类的攻击,一直以来澳大利亚的海岸线都设置防鲨网,但是研究发现该做法弊大于利。Shark nets in place across Australia,specifically in New South Wales(NSW)and Queensland,to protect beachgoers should be dropped as they have caused more harm than good.The measureswere carried
2、out by some governments,including nets and traditional drum lines,and provided beachgoers with a false sense of safety.The study found the effectiveness of nets was difficult to evaluate,while the significant damage they cause to other marine wildlife was clear.Researchers desire for non-deadly shar
3、k control measures such as eco barriers,which physically separateswimmers from sharks,sonar(声呐)technology,and various shark-spotting techniques.Researchers said while the risk of coming across a shark was rare,any shark-related deaths and injuries caught huge public and media attention.One of the ar
4、guments in support of using shark nets is that just one shark-related death has been reported in Queensland since the 1960s.Similarly,since the 1930s,NSW has had only one shark-related death.But there have been at least 13 people killed by sharks at beaches without nets on the NSW north coast over t
5、he past two years.The Humane Society Internationals head of campaigns,Nicola Beynon,said the government needed to move away from outdated methods.“Deadly shark nets and drum lines are more than 50 years behind scientific and animal welfare standards for dealing with marine wildlife,”said Beynon.The
6、NSW Greens marine spokesman,Justin Field,said,“People are 100 times more likely to drown at the beach than to be killed by a shark in Australia.Therefore,millions of dollars going into the shark net program should be directed to observation towers for our lifeguards and improving the beach devices.”
7、词海拾贝measure n.措施evaluate vt.评估separate vt.分开similarly adv.相似地method n.方法observation n.观察典句欣赏The study found the effectiveness of nets was difficult to evaluate,while the significant damage they cause to other marine wildlife was clear.译文:研究发现,防鲨网的有效性很难评估,而它们对其他海洋野生动物造成的重大损害则是显而易见的。分析:本句总体上是一个并列句。The
8、 study found是第一个分句,while the significant damage.是第二个分句。在第一个分句中the effectiveness of nets was difficult to evaluate是宾语从句,在第二个分句中they cause to.是定语从句。探究思辨1.What do researchers focus on?答案:Friendly shark control ways.2.What do Nicola Beynon and Justin Field have in common?答案:No shark nets are to be used.
9、Section AStarting out&Understanding ideas知识体系图解释义匹配阅读导学重点词汇 1.shark n.2.scare v.3.dive v.4.v.把作为目标 5.adv.幸运地 6.n.灭绝,绝种 7.n.(尤指通过行为表现出的对某事的一般)看法,态度 鲨(鱼)使(某人)惊恐,吓唬(通常指使用呼吸设备的)潜水targetfortunatelyextinctionattitude知识体系图解释义匹配阅读导学重点短语1.in fear 2.be scared/frightened/afraid of 3.cut off 4.have a(n).effect
10、on 5.be covered with 6.the other way round 7.把看作 8.从那天起 9.错误地 10.以为基础 11.保护免受 12.提高的意识 恐惧害怕切断对有影响被覆盖相反;反之see.as.from that day onby mistakebe based onprotect.from.raise awareness of知识体系图解释义匹配阅读导学重点句式1.Some people stopped swimming in the sea,afraid of the horrible creature from the film.2.It was an ar
11、ea where fishermen were finning,and the sea floor was covered with dead sharks.知识体系图解释义匹配阅读导学.释义匹配1.scare A.to aim an attack or a criticism at sb/sth2.dive B.not existing3.target C.the opinions and feelings that you usually have about something4.extinctionD.to make someone feel frightened5.attitudeE
12、.to jump into deep water with your head and arms going in first答案:1.D2.E3.A4.B5.C知识体系图解释义匹配阅读导学根据P62P63课文内容,选择正确答案1.What is the purpose of the first paragraph?A.To advertise a movie.B.To introduce the topic.C.To show sharks are dangerous.D.To warn people not to swim in the sea.2.What can we infer fr
13、om the second paragraph?A.The movie had a bad influence on the viewers.B.The viewers began to know the nature of sharks.C.Sharks were animals that ate humans.D.People began to care about sharks.答案:A 答案:B 知识体系图解释义匹配阅读导学3.We know from the third paragraph that finning is.A.difficultB.cruelC.excitingD.e
14、asy4.What made Benchley believe humans were a danger to sharks?A.The movie Jaws.B.The shark fin soup.C.The attacks of sharks by mistake.D.The finning scene.答案:B 答案:D 重点词汇1.People have always been scared of sharks,but Jaws made things worse.(教材P62)人们一直都恐惧鲨鱼,但大白鲨令事情变得更糟糕。【词汇精讲】句中的scared是形容词,意为“害怕的,恐惧的
15、”。One thing I am sure of was that she was scared.有一点我能肯定,那就是她当时被吓到了。Im scared of telling her what really happened.我害怕告诉她所发生的事情。【词汇拓展】The watchdog scared away the thief by barking.看门狗大声吠叫吓走了窃贼。Grace was scared of the wind and weather.格雷丝害怕这种风和天气。2.Finning is a type of fishing where sharks are caught
16、and their fins cut off.(教材P62)生切鱼鳍是一种鲨鱼被捕获、鱼鳍被切断的捕鱼方式。【词汇精讲】cut off在句中意为“切断,切掉;剪下”,此外,还有“中断;隔离;隔绝”之意。Kyle cut off some flowers from the trees and gave them to me.凯尔从树上剪下一些花送给我。The dust cloud may have cut off the sunlight.尘土飞扬,可能挡住了阳光。They were almost completely cut off from the outside world.他们几乎完全与
17、外界绝缘了。【词汇拓展】Dont cut down the tree that gives you shade.不要忘恩负义。I was enjoying the dance until that rude man cut in.我正跳得高兴,却被那鲁莽的男人打断了。Youd better cut out the last two paragraphs of your article.你最好把你这篇文章中的最后两段删去。3.Today,as we learn more about sharks,more people than ever want to protect them from ex
18、tinction.(教材P63)今天,随着对鲨鱼了解得更多,越来越多的人都想保护它们免遭灭绝。【词汇精讲】extinction是名词,意为“灭绝,绝种”。The species was doomed to extinction.这一物种注定要灭绝。Many species are in danger of extinction because of our destruction of their natural habitat.许多物种由于我们破坏了它们的自然环境,现在正面临灭绝的危险。【词汇拓展】extinct adj.已经灭绝的Dinosaurs have been extinct fo
19、r millions of years.恐龙已绝迹数百万年了。die out(指物种、家族、习惯、观念等)绝迹,消失Many species will soon die out if we dont take action.如果我们不采取行动,许多物种将很快灭绝。That style of music died out ten years ago.那种风格的音乐十年前就消失了。4.Complete the chart showing how attitudes towards sharks have changed with words and expressions from the pas
20、sage.(教材P64)用文章中的单词和短语完成对鲨鱼态度变化的图表。【词汇精讲】句中的attitude是名词,意为“态度,看法”,是可数名词。As soon as he found out I was a doctor his attitude changed.他一发现我是医生,他的态度就变了。I think all of us need to rethink our attitudes towards health and sickness.我想我们都需要反思自己对待健康和疾病的态度。【词汇拓展】I am trying to have a positive attitude towards
21、 my job and my life.我正试图以一种积极的态度看待我的工作和人生。重点句式1.Some people stopped swimming in the sea,afraid of the horrible creature from the film.(教材P62)有些人因为害怕电影里可怕的生物而停止在海里游泳。【句式剖析】afraid of the horrible creature from the film是形容词短语,在句中作原因状语。形容词短语作状语时,通常用来描述主语的特征或所处的状况。The little girl was walking in the stree
22、t,cold and hungry.小姑娘在大街上走着,又冷又饿。Long and untidy,her hair played in the breeze.她的头发又长又乱,在微风中飘扬。【句式拓展】形容词短语作状语:作用:说明主语的情况,与谓语动词无关类型:方式状语、原因状语、伴随状语等位置:句首、句中或句末,常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开Sad and tired,the young man slept all day long.这个年轻人又伤心又疲惫,睡了一整天。He paused,breathless,as he came up to his long-lost girlfriend.他
23、停了停,气喘吁吁地走向失散多年的女友。2.It was an area where fishermen were finning,and the sea floor was covered with dead sharks.(教材P63)这是一个渔民生切鱼鳍的地方,海底布满了死去的鲨鱼。【句式剖析】where fishermen were finning是定语从句,修饰area。一般而言,where在定语从句中用来指代地点,其先行词往往是表示地点的名词,where在从句中充当地点状语。The company where my father works is not far from the c
24、ity centre.我父亲上班的公司离市中心不远。This summer I want to go to Hangzhou,where there is a beautiful lake.这个夏天我想去杭州,那里有个美丽的湖。【句式拓展】(1)where引导的定语从句通常可用“介词+which”替换,其中的介词根据先行词或定语从句中谓语动词来决定。(2)当先行词是point,situation,case,occasion等抽象名词时,其后常用where引导定语从句,分别相当于at which,in which,in which和on which。(3)from后可以接where,构成from
25、 where结构,其中的where可以看作是名词,也可当作关系代词。(4)where引导定语从句和状语从句的区别:where引导定语从句时,where是关系副词,在从句中作地点状语,其前面有表示地点的先行词,where引导的从句修饰先行词;where引导状语从句时,where是从属连词,where引导的从句修饰主句的谓语动词,where前面没有表示地点的先行词。This is the farm where/on which they used to live.这是他们过去住过的农场。Her illness has developed to the point where nobody can
26、cure her.她的病已发展到没人能治的地步。He stood near the north window,from where he could see the whole garden.他站在北边的窗户附近,从那里可以看到整个花园。Make a mark where you have any doubts or questions.(状语从句)在有疑问的地方做一个记号。.课文语篇填空The opening scene from the 1975 film Jaws showed a woman 1.(attack)by a shark.The scene strengthened peo
27、ples long-held idea of the great white shark as a 2.(danger)animal.People who saw the film started to believe sharks ate humans and stopped 3.(swim)in the sea.Others began to kill sharks as many as they could.Some even killed the sharks and used their fins in shark fin soup.4.a result,the number of
28、sharks in the world reduced greatly.being attacked dangerousswimmingAs Peter Benchley,5.was the author of the book the film Jaws 6.(base)on,was greatly affected by finning.In 1980,when Benchley was diving,he was shocked by 7.he saw.Sharks were being killed and the sea floor was covered with dead sha
29、rks.This caused a deep change in him.He came to see people as 8.danger to sharks.From that day on,he tried his best to protect sharks.Fortunately,not everyone who watched the film Jaws became afraid of sharkssome became interested in 9.(understand)them.Today,as we learn more about sharks,10.(many)pe
30、ople than ever want to protect them from extinction.whowas basedwhataunderstandingmore.概要写作根据教材P62P63的语篇内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要参考范文The scene that a woman is being attacked by a shark makes people further believe that the great white shark is a danger to people.(要点1)Therefore,people began killing sharks and finning,which greatly reduced the number of sharks around the world.(要点2)Affected by the scene of finning,the author of the book changed his attitude towards sharks and began to protect them.(要点3)Now more and more people begin to protect sharks from extinction.(要点4)
