1、定定语语从从句句的的关关系系词词关系关系代词代词关关系系副副词词指人指人指物指物who(主语、宾语主语、宾语)，whom(宾语宾语)，that(主语、宾语主语、宾语),),whose(定语定语)that(主语、宾语主语、宾语),),which(主语主语、宾语、宾语)whose(定语定语)where(地点状语地点状语)when(时间状语时间状语)why(原因状语原因状语)Ps:Ps:先行词先行词在从句中做在从句中做状语状语时时,连接词有时连接词有时可可以用以用介词介词+which来替换关系副词。来替换关系副词。where=介词介词+whichwhen=介词介词+whichwhy=for whic
2、h1.when,where,why 关系副词与关系代词的区别关系副词与关系代词的区别2.介词介词+which/whom 如何选介词如何选介词Is this the factory makes laptop computer?that/whichThis is the factory the most expensive cars are made.This is the factory.whereThe most expensive cars are made .in the factory关系词的选择关系词的选择把先行词代回从句中把先行词代回从句中,如果要如果要补上介词补上介词，则口诀为：，
3、则口诀为：缺缺介词短语介词短语，缺，缺状语状语，表示地点用表示地点用_表示时间用表示时间用_表示原因用表示原因用_wherewhenwhy将关系词将关系词where改为改为介词介词+whichThis is the factory the most expensive cars are made.in whichwhere=in whichThis is the factory where the most expensive cars are made.关系代词介词选择原则关系代词介词选择原则1根据根据先行词与介词的搭配关系先行词与介词的搭配关系灵活选择。灵活选择。=The most exp
4、ensive cars are made in the factory.课本句子复现课本句子复现where=The butterfly can be found .1.In many of the places the butterfly can befound,people are destroying the natural environment.in many of the placesthe places2.These two pieces of information the time of day and the point the sun is in the sky allow
5、 the butterfly to determine the way to go.where the point=in whichpoint,scenem,situation condition,case,stage等表等表示示“阶段阶段/境况境况/地步地步”等等 抽象地点抽象地点，在定从中做在定从中做状语状语时时,用用_引导。引导。做做主主/宾宾等时等时,用用_ wherethat/which新课程新课程P106对比练习对比练习4 There are two points we must stick to.Their relationship has reached the point t
6、hey have to divorce.that/whichwhere=We must stick to these two points.2.The old couple will never forget the days they had a summer camp in Australia.The volunteers will never forget the days they spent together in Guangzhou.when/in whichthat/whichThe solution to the mystery of the monarchs amazing
7、ability comes at a time it is in serious trouble.when/at which=They had a summer camp in Australia in the days.=They spent the days together in Guangzhou.课本句子复现课本句子复现3.Do you know the reason he didnt vote for your party?Do you believe the reason he gave for his spending so much money in a week?whyth
8、at/whichSadly,human activity is the main reason the number of monarch butterflies is falling.why=He gave the reason for his spending so much money in a week.课本句子复现课本句子复现Ill never forget the day _ I first went to school.when/on which=I first went to school on that day.This is my elementary school I s
9、tudied 4 years ago.where/in which=I studied in that elementary school 4 years ago.Eventually,it manages to reach the places it will spend the winter.where=in which=It will spend the winter in that place.There are many reasons _ people learn a foreign language.why/for which=People learn a foreign lan
10、guage for many reasons.关系代词介词选关系代词介词选择原则择原则1根据根据先行词与介先行词与介词的搭配关系灵词的搭配关系灵活活选择。选择。关系代词前介词选择原则关系代词前介词选择原则2 2根据根据谓语动词与介词谓语动词与介词的搭配关系选择的搭配关系选择新课程新课程p1241241.He is a man from we should learn.=We should learn from the man.2.Ling shan is the place in we live.在在介词介词+which/whom引导的定语从句中引导的定语从句中指物时用指物时用 _指人时用指人
11、时用 _不能用不能用 _和和 _thatwhowhomwhich 对比：把介词放在后面对比：把介词放在后面 China is the place _ giant pandas live in.My mother is a person _ I should learn a lot from.China is the place in _ giant pandas live.My mother is a person from _ I should learn a lot.whichwhom引导定从。引导定从。which/thatthat/who/whom关系代词前介词选择原则关系代词前介词选择
12、原则3 3根据根据语意表达语意表达的需要来确定的需要来确定Knowledge is the wings we realize our dreams.=We realize our dreams with the wings.with which 关系代词前介词选择三原则关系代词前介词选择三原则一先一先二动二动三意义三意义即根据即根据先行词先行词与介词与介词的搭的搭配关系选择配关系选择根据根据谓语动词谓语动词与介词与介词的搭的搭配关系选择配关系选择即根据即根据定语从句定语从句的意义的意义来确来确定介词定介词“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”的其他表达的其他表达法法1.the+名名+of which/
13、whom=of which/whom+the+名名=whose+n.如果在如果在whom和和which 之前之前用用of表示表示所属关系所属关系(即即of whom,of which表示所属关系表示所属关系),这时这时名词需要特指名词需要特指,应加应加定冠词定冠词,该该名词名词放在放在of whom,of which之前或之后之前或之后均可。均可。1.The girl lives in the house,the windows of which face south.=The girl lives in the house,face south.=The girl lives in the
14、house,face south.of which the windowswhose windows2.部分部分/整体整体+of which/whom P125,3 There are 40 kinds of animals in this nature reserve,most of _are endangered.which(2)The football team has 15 members,the oldest of is 25 years old.whom 如如不定代词不定代词:all,both,none,some,most,several等等 数词数词（基数词、序数词、百分数、分数
15、等）（基数词、序数词、百分数、分数等）The+adj.比较级比较级/最高级最高级(1)There are 40 kinds of animals in this nature reserve.Most of them are endangered.(合并成含有定从的句子合并成含有定从的句子)Ill never forget the time _we paid a visit to the zoo.I still remember the first time _I came across a bear in the forest.time 作先行词作先行词time作先行词在句中作作先行词在句中
16、作状语状语时，如前时，如前有序数词或最高级有序数词或最高级修饰，用修饰，用that引导；否则用引导；否则用whenwhenthatIt is the first time _ I have been to this nature reserve.that补充知识补充知识1.(2016年全国三卷年全国三卷)Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius,lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C.,influenced the development of chopsticks.2.(2020年全国三卷年全国三卷)In ancient China lived an artist._ paintings were almost lifelike.The artists reputation had made him proud.3.(2020年全国二卷年全国二卷)I decided that if I learned of a company _ used a lot of plastic,Id send it an email urging it to cut back.链接链接高考高考whowhosewhich/that
