1、The End of the Civil WarJay WinikR einforcementT ext AnalysisThe End of the Civil WarB ackgroundW arming upUnit 10Questions/ActivitiesCheck-on PreviewObjectivesUnit 10Warming upThe End of the Civil WarWarming upQuestions/Activities1.How did civil wars usually end?Any examples?What about the Liberati
2、on War in China?2.In what ways was the ending of the American Civil War unique?3.According to the author,what made this special ending possible?4.In what ways was such an ending significant to the US?1.Please make a list of the names of people and places in the essay and put them into historical con
3、text.2.Was Lees decision to surrender easy?Why or why not?3.What was Lincolns vision for the end of the Civil War?4.How do you interpret Lees and Grants different ways of attiring at the Appomattox House?5.Against what a background did the Bennett House Surrender take place?6.Why did the Bennett Hou
4、se Surrender conclude the same way as the Appomattox Surrender?Warming upQuestions/Activities The UnionWhos who and for what?1.Abraham Lincoln2.Ulysses S.Grant3.Andrew Johnson 4.William Seward5.Bill Sherman a.Union General Commanderb.US President c.Union Secretary of State d.Union General e.Vice Pre
5、sident A.MercyB.Punishment C.Not Known Warming upCheck-on Preview The Confederacy 1.Jefferson Davis2.Robert Lee 3.Mary Lee 4.Joe Johnston a.Commanding General,Moral Conscience of the South b.Confederate Presidentc.Confederate General d.Great-granddaughter of WashingtonA.Surrender B.Guerilla Warfare
6、C.Not Known Check-on PreviewWarming upWhos who and for what?Objectives1.Understand the structure of the essay.2.Understand the uniqueness of the ending of the American Civil War.3.Explain the significance of such an ending to America.4.Understand different historic perspectives.Warming upBackgroundH
7、istory AuthorThe End of the Civil WarUnit 10 Senior scholar of history and public policy in the School of Public Affairs,University of Maryland Leading historian of the American Civil WarBackgroundAuthor1.The combatants in the Civil War were the Union(northern states)against the Confederacy(southern
8、 states).True or False?2.This war had many causes.What do the historians believe to be the primary?A.Political turmoil B.Secession C.Slavery issues D.States rights A quiz on the civil warBackgroundHistory3.The North and the South quarreled in the Congress over whether the newly-acquired states in th
9、e west should be admitted into the union as free states or slave states.True or False?4.The North and the South were much different in its people,customs and way of life.True or False?5.Neither side was really prepared for war.The North had a small army and the South had none.True or False?6.The war
10、 would see about 75,000 orphans losing their fathers.Therefore,memory of the war has lasted for generations.True or False?BackgroundHistory Movie&TV Productions on the Civil War BackgroundHistoryDetailedAnalysisStructureThemeText AnalysisThe End of the Civil WarUnit 10Questions for thinking 1.In wha
11、t ways was the ending of the American Civil War unique in the human history of civil wars?2.According to the author,was such an ending inevitable or not?Why or why not?3.According to the text,what contributed to such a unique ending?Text AnalysisThemeI.Purpose and approach(paras.1-2)II.The Appomatto
12、x Surrender(paras.3-15)A.Lees decision to surrender(paras.3-5)B.Lincolns vision(paras.6-8)III.The final surrender(paras.16-22)Text AnalysisStructureC.The Appomattox Surrender(paras.9-15)A.Volatile situation after the surrender(paras.16-19)B.The Bennett House Surrender(paras.20-22)Part I:Discussion1.
13、What is the common concern in the study of wars?2.What is the authors research topic/purpose?3.Why does the author choose such a topic?4.What kind of historic outlook does the author have?inevitability vs.chance events 5.What kind of approach does the author adopt?6.What should be the right approach
14、 toward history?7.What is the academic writing like?(para.1)research topic(what)rationale for the topic(why)approach(how)Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II(A):Discussion1.What was the fateful choice facing Robert Lee?2.What were Lees concerns?Good citizens with honor and dignityRebels with rage i
15、n a continued civil warvs.Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisLee raised the dreaded concept of surrender,and he said,“Whatwill the country think?”(para.4)And Wise looked over at Lee,and he said,“Country?My God,man,you are the country to these men.”(para.5)3.Did Lee and Wise mean the same thing by“the cou
16、ntry”?Why or why not?4.What if Lee shared Wises understanding?5.How were the different understandings significant to the ending of the Civil War?Part II(A):DiscussionText AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II(A):Words&Expressionsbe caked withThe surfaces of this living area are always caked with oil stai
17、ns.He didnt look alarmed or frightened,but his forehead was caked with dirt and blood.Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II(B):Discussion1.What did Lincoln fear?Guerrilla warfare A final bloody Armageddon2.What was Lincolns vision?No hangings or bloody work But surrender with dignity and grace Abrah
18、am Lincoln visits City Point,VAText AnalysisDetailed Analysis“Let them surrender and go home,they will not take up arms again.Let them all go,officers and all,let them have their horses to plow with,and,if you like,their guns to shoot crows with.Treat them liberally I say,give them the most liberal
19、and honorable terms.”Abraham Lincoln (City Point,Virginia,on board River Queen,March 28,1865)Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II(B):Words&Expressionsin effect/fact/reality City Point was,in effect,an armed command post for the Northern Army.confer with to meet and discuss with(sb)to make a decisio
20、n He always confers with his colleagues before reaching a decision.Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II(C):Discussion1.How was the Appomattox surrender“far richer”?Uncertainty of Lees fate:another defeated general?Outcries for punishment and vengeance What if Grant,who has a reputation as“Unconditi
21、onal Surrender,”did not carry out Lincolns vision?Thousands of men standing at rapt attentionText AnalysisDetailed Analysis“And he should have been nervous because,throughout history,as he knew all too well,defeated generals and revolutionaries andtraitors were typically beheaded,or they were hanged
22、,or they were imprisoned or,like General Napoleon,they were exiled.”2.Who were these generals and revolutionaries?Give some names!3.Why so?Typically,people believe that the ending of the war decides who is right!Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II(C):Discussion4.What are the terms for surrender?Th
23、e Army of Northern Virginia:paroled Soldiers:take home their horses or mules Officers:allowed to keep their sidearms(Lee spared from the humiliation of a classic surrender of his sword)Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart II(C):DiscussionThe Appomattox Surrender 5.Lees and Grants different ways of att
24、iring,deliberate or not?Text AnalysisDetailed Analysis more information Quotes from Ulysses Grant:“I felt like anything rather than rejoicing at the downfall of a foe who had fought so long and valiantly,and had suffered so much for a cause,though that cause was,I believe,one of the worst for which
25、a people ever fought,and one for which there was the least excuse.I do not question,however,the sincerity of the great mass of those who were opposed to us.”“The war is over.The rebels are our countrymen again,and the best sight of rejoicing after the victory will be to abstain from all demonstratio
26、ns.”Text AnalysisDetailed Analysis“Boys,I have done the best I could for you.Go home now.And if you make as good citizens as you have soldiers,you will do well.I shall always be proud of you.Goodbye.And God bless you all.”From the crowd came a loud cry.“Farewell,General Lee!I wish for your sake and
27、mine that every damned Yankee on earth was sunk ten miles in hell!”Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisQuotes from General Lee:Part II(C):Words&Expressionsat hand close in distance or timedefy logic;defy the odds to go against sth;not to happen according to the principles The companys explanation for the
28、accident defies logic.Text AnalysisDetailed Analysisstraighten up telescope throng digress rip apart want a piece of sth forgeReview Part III(A):Volatile situation after Appomattox1.Confederate armies still fighting in the fieldCommander Date of Surrender Tennessee Joseph E.Johnston April 18,1865Ala
29、bama&MississippiRichard TaylorMay 4,1865ArkansasM.Jeff ThompsonMay 12,1865Louisiana&TexasE.Kirby SmithMay 26,1865Indian TerritoryStand WatieJune 28,1865Text AnalysisDetailed Analysis2.Jefferson Davis calling for guerrilla warfare Senator President of the Confederacy Advocate of guerrilla warfare Cap
30、tured and imprisoned on May 10,1865 Failed business man Author:The Rise and Fall of the Confederate GovernmentText AnalysisDetailed Analysis3.Mary Lees urge for continued fighting Robert Lees wife Great-granddaughter of Martha Washington What might the Confederacy mean to Mary Lee and to many other
31、confederates?Text AnalysisDetailed Analysis4.Assassination of Lincolndecapitation!April 14,1865,Fords Theatre in Washington,D.C.Assassin:John Wilkes Booth Part of a larger conspiracy for continued fightingText AnalysisDetailed Analysis5.Union government in crisis What was the crisis?President assass
32、inated Vice-president incapable and unpopular Temptations for regency,cabinet government and military coup Generals suspected and later warned The transition mechanism Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisAndrew Johnson,the buffoon Southerner,born in North Carolina 17th President of the US(1865-1869)Concil
33、iatory policies towards the South Vetoes of civil rights bills No clear party identitythe buffoon The first US President to undergo an impeachment trial Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisBill Sherman,the conspirator?No.2 in the Union Army,after Grant Nervous breakdown during the Civil War “Create havoc
34、and destruction of all resources that would be beneficial to the enemy.”Disrepute in the Westward Moment Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisThe transition mechanism established by the founders(Founding Fathers)1.President2.Vice-President3.House Speaker4.Acting Senate Speaker 5.Secretary of State6.Secreta
35、ry of TreasurySection 1,Article II,the ConstitutionAmendment XX Amendment XXVText AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPart III(A):Words&Expressionsbehind sth responsible for sth;the cause of sth Whats behind his overnight success?Hes one of the people behind the rapid development in computer science.Text Analy
36、sisDetailed AnalysisReview for that matter surrender be descended from grip volatile unseat figure under way intend for sb to do write off Part III(B):Discussion1.How did Sherman behave differently in handling the Bennett House Surrender?How to account for the change?2.How did Sherman and the Washin
37、gton circles interpret Shermans generous terms to Confederates?Sherman Carrying out Lincolns vision The Washington circles(the Union Cabinet)A conspiracy to bride Confederate officers with very generous terms A Napoleonic coup under way Grant sent to talk to ShermanText AnalysisDetailed AnalysisPerc
38、eptions Matter!Perceptions Matter!Part III(B):Words&Expressionsa days/two days,etc.worth of sth an amount of sth that lasts for a specified length of time He has 50 years worth of experience in teaching.pave the way for sb/sth to make it easier for sb to do sth or for sth to happen His research pave
39、d the way for developing new IT products.Text AnalysisDetailed AnalysisReview in chaos take overThe End of the Civil WarUnit 10ReinforcementDiscussion1.Reconsider the ending of the American Civil WarWhat lessons shall we learn from the unique ending of the American Civil War?How do you understand“War does not decide who is right but who is left.”?ReinforcementDiscussion2.Reconsider our historic outlook Where do you stand in the old debate“Is it the times that produce their heroes,or the heroes who usher in the times?”How do you understand“the richness of history”?ReinforcementDiscussion
