1、天津商业大学 2022 年硕士研究生招生考试试题 专 业：英语笔译 科目名称：翻译硕士英语（211）共 10 页 第 1 页 说明：答案标明题号写在答题纸上，写在试题纸上的无效。I.Choose the one answer that best explains the underlined word or phrase in the sentence.Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET(20 points).1.Cross-Straits tensions is not to ease until Taiwan independences provo
2、cations cease.A.evocation B.offence C.aggravation D.challenge 2.Snow turned Datong into a serene white fairy-tale world.A.perfect B.tranquil C.pure D.crystal 3.Chinas dramatic economic growth and social development under the guidance of the CPC have enthralled the international community.A.motivated
3、 B.moved C.charmed D.interested 4.None of the vaccinated patients had serious symptoms caused by Delta during the epidemic outbreak in Guangzhou in May.A.signs B.disease C.sickness D.discomfort 5.Last year，the figure reached a staggering 498.2 billion yuan.A.absorbing B.shocking C.appealing D.attrac
4、ting 6.Despite the ongoing suspicion,demonization,and counterproductive rivalry,it is not a mathematical formula whereby the developing nations get certain amounts of sanctions relief.A.act of condemning B.act of describing somebody as foe C.act of praising D.act of describing somebody as evil 7.The
5、 long-term ideals and ambitious goals have enabled the CPC to jump out of the fetters of pragmatism and utilitarianism.A.fence B.trammels C.jail D.dilemma 8.The clothes are cheap，but she wears them with a certain swagger.A.jactitation B.proud C.strut D.profoundness 9.Singapore will no longer pay the
6、 Covid-19 medical bills for people“unvaccinated by choice”,the government said,as the country grapples with a surge in cases.A.struggles B.wrangles C.grasps D.tangles 10.The immediate past U.S.president waged a war against us with a lethal dose of tariffs,the impact of which still lingers on America
7、n consumers wallets.A.convenient B.sparse C.enormous D.fatal 11.Except under special circumstances,groundwater that is not replenished easily should not be exploited.A.completed B.supplemented C.replaced D.alternated 12.Increased activity by these groups can also lead to increased state corruption a
8、nd contribute to the erosion of state stability.A.corrosion B.development C.foundation D.ulceration 13.Giant pandas are playing and foraging inside the Shenshuping base of China Conservation and Research Center for the Giant Panda in Wolong National Nature Reserve.专 业：英语笔译 科目名称：翻译硕士英语（211）共 10 页 第 2
9、 页 A.rolling B.harassing C.seeking foods D.seeking water 14.Geopolitical concerns are creating pressures for economies to reduce their supply dependence on individual countries while decoupling is already underway in important high-tech industries.A.isolating B.associating C.disclosing D.dissociatin
10、g 15.It has zoomed in on provincial-level data to provide better insight into Chinas climate and health problems in different regions.A.focused B.accumulated C.stimulated D.indulged 16.His 8-year-old younger brother also succumbed to the disease in less than two months.A.received B.accustomed C.surr
11、endered D.defeating 17.It may not have been the most sustainable leadership strategy,but of course,Steve Jobs bucked much of management conventional wisdom.A.complimentary B.contradictory C.supportable D.continual 18.Although we dont have enough reliable data to compare whether the U.S.or China has
12、suffered more,it is all but certain that retaliatory tariffs have caused economic pain to both parties.A.overcharged B.unbalanced C.vindicatory D.dangerous 19.This years Singles Day shopping extravaganza has stirred up consumers purchasing enthusiasm.A.intention B.indulgence C.lust D.appetency 20.Am
13、ong the citys 17 national-level intangible cultural heritages,10 are crafts and folk arts.A.disconnected B.incomprehensible C.discarnate D.inevitable II.In each of the following sentences,there are four underlined parts,marked with A,B,C and D.Identify the part that is grammatically incorrect.Write
14、your answers on the ANSWER SHEET(10 points).1.Environmental experts are urging those US politicians opposed to a key international agreement set aside A B C commercial interests in order for the country to join the pact aimed at preserving biodiversity.D 2.The billionaire CEO Elon Musk had already s
15、old a combined$6.9 billion worth of shares in electronic-A B C car company Tesla as of Nov 12.D 3.Researchers say they have uncovered the names of 102 Native American students who died at a federal A B C operated boarding school in Nebraska.D 4.The coming Thanksgiving festival in the United States w
16、ill be the most expensive in years because of A B high food prices,which are also hurting many of the countrys food banks,which tens of millions of C D people in the US rely.专 业：英语笔译 科目名称：翻译硕士英语（211）共 10 页 第 3 页 5.This year,vaccine makers from around the globe took the top spot in the list of“Change
17、 the World”.A B C D 6.Zero-tolerance approach to the virus is a response to a rising call in the country for an easiness of the A B C measures to halt the latest wave of the virus.D 7.The 2022 Winter Olympics will be the first Games in history exclusively power all venues with clean A B C energy fro
18、m renewable sources.D 8.The countrys commitment to peak carbon emissions by 2030 and achieving carbon neutrality by 2060 A B C poses challenges to the coal industry.D 9.The members of EDG and other staffs displayed tai chi martial arts and traditional Chinese costumes in A B Reykjavik,launching a“Ch
19、inese hurricane”in the Icelandic capital.C D 10.Goldenrod is often referred to as“the flower of the devil”,as it spreads extremely fast and causes other A B C plants die.D III.Reading comprehension(40 points).Section A Multiple Choice Questions In this section there are four passages followed by six
20、teen multiple-choice questions.For each multiple choice question,there are four suggested answers marked A,B,C and D.Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET.Passage 1 She was a small woman,old and wrinkled.When she started washing for us,she was already
21、 past seventy.Most Jewish women of her age were sickly,weak,broken in body.But this washwoman,small and thin as she was,possessed a strength that came from generations of peasant ancestors.Mother would count out to her a bag of laundry that had accumulated over several weeks.She would then lift the
22、bag,put it on her narrow shoulders,and carry it the long way home.She would bring the laundry back about two weeks later.My mother had never been so pleased with any washwoman.Yet she charged no more than the others.She was a real find.Washing clothes was not easy in those days.The old woman had no
23、tap where she lived but had to bring in the water from a pump.For the clothes and bedclothes to come out so clean,they had to be scrubbed thoroughly in a washtub,rinsed with washing soda,soaked,boiled in an enormous pot,starched,then ironed.Every piece was handled ten times or more.专 业：英语笔译 科目名称：翻译硕
24、士英语（211）共 10 页 第 4 页 That winter was a harsh one.The streets were icy.No matter how much we heated our stove,the windows were covered with frost.The newspapers reported that people were dying of the cold.Coal became dear.The winter had become so severe that parents stopped sending children to school
25、.On one such day the washwoman,now nearly eighty years old,came to our house.Mother gave her a pot of tea to warm herself,as well as some bread.The old woman sat on a kitchen chair trembling and shaking,and warmed her hands against the teapot.Her fingernails were strangely white.These hands spoke of
26、 the stubbornness of mankind,of the will to work not only as ones strength permits but beyond the limits of ones power.The bag was big,bigger than usual.When the woman placed it on her shoulders,it covered her completely.At first she stayed,as though she were about to fall under the load.But an inne
27、r stubbornness seemed to call out;no,you may not fall.A donkey may permit himself to fall under his burden,but not a human being,the best of creation.More than two months passed.The frost had gone,and then a new frost had come,a new wave of cold.One evening,while mother was sitting near the lamp men
28、ding a shirt,the door opened and a small puff of steam,followed by a gigantic bag,entered.I ran toward the old woman and helped her unload her bag.She was even thinner now,more bent.She could not utter a clear word,but mumbled something with her sunken mouth and pale lips.After the old woman had rec
29、overed somewhat,she told us that she had been ill,very ill.But God had not yet wanted to take this poor soul to Himself.She began to feel better,and as soon as she was able to stand on her feet once more,she resumed her washing.Not just ours,but the wash of several other families too.But she never c
30、ame back.The wash she had returned was her last effort on this earth.Now at last her body,which had long been supported only by the force of honesty and duty,had fallen.Her soul passed into those spheres where all holy souls meet.1.The most suitable title for the story is _?A.The Washwoman B.The Old
31、 Jewish Lady C.The Stubborn Old Lady D.The Hard-working Old Lady 2.The adjective that can be used to describe the character of the washwoman is _.A.stubborn B.honest C.responsible D.all of the above 3.The writer of the story might be _.A.black B.a Jew C.a Muslim D.a Christian 4.When the washwoman di
32、ed,she was nearly in her _.A.60s B.70s C.80s D.90s Passage 2 Brave New World,written by Aldous Huxley and published in 1932,was about the big technological revolution about to take place,that of biotechnology.In the novel,the hatching of people is not in wombs but,as we now say,in vitro;the drug som
33、a,gives people instant happiness;the modification of behavior will be through constant subliminal repetition and,other huge changes that will happen in the future.This novel describes a dystopia.In it,the evil is not so obvious because no one is hurt;indeed,this is a world in which everyone gets wha
34、t they want.As one of the characters notes,“The Controllers realized 专 业：英语笔译 科目名称：翻译硕士英语（211）共 10 页 第 5 页 that force was no good,”and that people would have to be seduced rather than compelled to live in an orderly society.In this world,disease and social conflict have been abolished;there is no de
35、pression,madness,loneliness,or emotional distress.No one takes religion seriously any longer,no one is introspective or has unrequited longings,the biological family has been abolished,no one reads Shakespeare.But no one(save John the Savage,the books protagonist)misses these things,either,since the
36、y are happy and healthy.In the words of bioethicist Leon Kass,“Unlike the man reduced by disease or slavery,the people dehumanized in Brave New World are not miserable,dont know that they are dehumanized,and,what is worse,would not care if they knew.They are,indeed,happy slaves with a slavish happin
37、ess.”What is so important about being a human being in the traditional way,which is different from the situation described by Huxley?After all,what the human race is today is the product of an evolutionary process that has been going on for millions of years,one that with any luck will continue well
38、 into the future.There are no fixed human characteristics,except for a general capability to choose what we want to be,to modify ourselves in accordance with our desires.So who is to tell us that being human and having dignity means sticking with a set of emotional responses that are the accidental
39、byproduct of our evolutionary history?There is no such thing as a biological family,no such thing as human nature or a“normal”human being,and even if there were,why should that be a guide for what is right and just?Huxley is telling us,in effect,that we should continue to feel pain,be depressed or l
40、onely,or suffer from debilitating disease,all because that is what human beings have done for most of their existence as a species.Huxley was right.He tells us through his novel that the most significant threat posed by contemporary biotechnology is the possibility that it will alter human nature an
41、d thereby move us into a“posthuman”stage of history.This is important,I will argue,because human nature exists,is a meaningful concept,and has provided a stable continuity to our experience as a species.It is,conjointly with religion,what defines our most basic values.Human nature shapes and constra
42、ins the possible kinds of political regimes,so a technology powerful enough to reshape what we are will have possible malign consequences.Biotechnology,in contrast to many other scientific advances,mixes obvious benefits with subtle harms in one seamless package.There may be products of biotechnolog
43、y that will be similarly obvious in the dangers they pose to mankindfor example,superbugs,new viruses,or genetically modified foods that produce toxic reactions.Like nuclear weapons or nanotechnology,these are in a way the easiest to deal with because once we have identified them as dangerous,we can
44、 treat them as a straightforward threat.The more typical threats raised by biotechnology,on the other hand,are those captured so well by Huxley,and are summed up in the title of an article by novelist Tom Wolfe,“Sorry,but Your Soul Just Died.”Medical technology offers us in many cases a devils barga
45、in:longer life,but with reduced mental capacity;freedom from depression,together with freedom from creativity or spirit;therapies that blur the line between what we achieve on our own and what we achieve because of the levels of various chemicals in our brains.What should we do in response to biotec
46、hnology that in the future will mix great potential benefits with threats that are either physical and overt or spiritual and subtle?The answer is obvious:We should use the power of the state to regulate it.And if this proves to be beyond the power of any individual nation-state to regulate,it needs
47、 to be regulated on an international basis.We need to start thinking concretely now about how to build institutions that can discriminate between good and bad uses of biotechnology,and effectively enforce these rules both nationally and internationally.专 业：英语笔译 科目名称：翻译硕士英语（211）共 10 页 第 6 页 5.What do
48、es the underlined word“dystopia”mean?A.an ideal but nonexistent political and social way of life B.a bad place,a very unpleasant imaginary world in which ominous tendencies of the present social,political and technological order are projected into a disastrous future culmination C.certain cultural,i
49、nstitutional and discursive spaces that are somehow“other”D.“real and imagined”space,lived space,the way that people actually live in and experience that urban space 6.Which of the following ways is not how people in the“brave new world”live?A.they live happily and dont know what pain is B.they can
50、get everything they want C.they cherish love,friendship and other emotions D.they dont have the concept of biological family 7.Which of the following attitudes might not belong to the author of this passage?A.he agrees with Huxley B.he believes the soul of people living in the brave new world dies C
