1、拓展模块英语组 耿玉环Reading Health Care and EpidemicsReading comprehension1.What are epidemic diseases？2.What was the Black Death?3.How did people treat victims of epidemics in Europe during a plague a few hundred years ago?4.How serious is flu to people?5.What methods are used to prevent the outbreak of epi
2、demics?6.What can the government do to protect its people from diseases?Answers:1.infectious diseases2.in Europe in 1347,destroyed,great disasters.3.cruel to victims,fired them,out of their apartments,transportation services.4.sixty-five,suffering from other medical conditions.5.be prevented by inje
3、cting a liquid vaccine.6.to provide preventive health care.Language points:1.suffer from 因而受苦所接宾语指痛苦,疾病，寒冷，饥饿损失等。Eg:He is suffering from toothache.Eg:These plants cannot suffer from a cold winter.suffer 也用作及物动词，作“遭受”“蒙受”解Eg:They suffered a sercious disease as a result of overwork.2.present adj.作“存在”
4、解，在句 中作表语。Eg:Oxygen is present in the air.Eg:The terrible events of five years ago are still present to our minds.3.occur用作不及物动词，作“发生”解Eg:At the beginning of June an event occurred.Eg:I am sorry that this has occurred.4.break out“突然发生”“爆发”Eg:Influenza usually breaks out in winter.Eg:The economic cri
5、sis first broke out in the United States.5.destroy 用作及物动词“毁坏”“消灭”“摧毁”Eg:The forest was destroyed by fire.Eg:They hope to destroy us one by one,but they will fail.6.leave sb./sth.+doing sth.让（某人/某事）继续处于某种 状态Eg:Dont leave the boy standing outside.Eg:We saw her clothes that she had left lying around.7.
6、be cruel to sb.对某人残忍/无情Eg:The stepmother was cruel to the little girl.be kind to 对友善be friendly to 对友好Eg:He was friendly to everyone.Eg:They are all kind to me.8.refuse 拒绝，不肯，其后可接 不定式 to do 作宾语。Eg:He refused to attend the meeting.Eg:The boy refused to be examined.9.for short“缩写形式”“简称”Eg:His real nam
7、e was Thomas,but he was called Tom for short.10.relieve 减轻（病痛，紧张情绪等）Eg:The nurse relieved his pain by giving him a cooling drink.Eg:We telephoned to relieve our mothers uneasiness.11.cure V.作“治疗”“治愈”解Eg：The drug cured my fever.另外cure 还可作名词，“治疗办法”如下文there is still no cure for many diseases and no med
8、icineto prevent them.Eg:There is no certain cure for cancer.Eg:He has tried all sorts of cures,but without success.12.there is(no)sth.for (没)有 某些用于的东西Eg:There is no space for the headline.Eg:There is enough time for discussion.there is sth.to do 有可用来做 的东西 Eg:There is little water to water the field
9、in this area.13.It is high time+that+主语+V-ed 是某人该做某事的时候了谓语动词要用过去式，是虚拟语气的一种。Eg:It is high time we started.=It is high time for us to start.Eg:I think it is high time that you made up your mind.It is time+主语+V-ed 是的时候了Eg:It is time you went to bed.Eg:It is time did cleaning.14.take measures 采取措施 其中的me
10、asure作“措施”解，用作可数名词。Eg:What meatures were taken to prevent fire?Eg:If he refuses to pay,I shall take measures against him.Eg:We took a secret measure to find out the thief.World formationOld WorldsNew Worldsout adv.向外 outbreak v.爆发break v.破裂shape n.形状 reshape v.重塑 fire n.火 fire v.解雇head n.头 headache
11、n.头痛ache v.痛prevent v.阻止 preventive adj.预防性的拓展模块英语组 耿玉环Supplementary Reading AidsAids艾滋病，学名是获得性免疫缺陷综合症，英文名称AcquiredImmune Deficiency Syndrome,缩写为Aids,因此被翻译成艾滋病艾滋病是一种有艾滋病毒HIV(英文名为Human ImmunodeficiencyVirus,简称HIV)引起的致命疾病。发病时，大多数人表现为类似流感的的症状：发烧，头痛，咽喉疼痛，出现皮疹等不适的感觉。艾滋病的传播途径主要有：性接触传染，输血，吸毒者共用针头，母婴传染。Lang
12、uage points:1.take a precaution 采取预防措施precaution作“预防措施”解，用作可数名词Eg:Take every precaution so as not to catch cold.Eg:In spring,we must take precautions against fire.2.be+adj.+of 在方面是Eg:He is slow of speech.Eg:She was quick of eye and hand.3.none用作代词，“毫无”“没有”在句中作表语。Eg:Ive none of those things.none用作代词，
13、更多地用来作主语，宾语，none既可以指人，也可以指物，后可以接of短语。作主语时，谓语动词既可用单数，也可用复数。Eg:None of the passengers were/was aware of the danger.Eg:None of them has/have any great ability.4.The doctor said 在句中是插入语，英语句子中常插入一些短语或句子，用来补充某些含义，这称之为插入语。常用的插入语有：I think,you know,it is said,Imafraid等。Eg:He is,I think,the best student in th
14、e class.Eg:The conclusion,Im afraid,is not true.5.experience 及物动词“经历”“感受”“感到”Eg:My parents had already experienced one great sadness.Eg:Our country has experiencedgreat changes in the last thirtyyears.6.circulate v.循环，流通Eg:Water circulates in the pipes of a building.Eg:Traffic circulates in the main
15、 street of this town.7.fight off 击退，摆脱掉Eg:He fought off the disease.Eg:Hes fighting off Mary for years.8.transmit 传送，输送，传播Eg:A telegram will be the quickest way to transmit the message.Eg:Rats transmit disease.9.with 和在一起，跟一起Eg:I saw you with him the othernight at the theatre.Eg:I am happy with Mart
16、in.10.evidence 证据，根据Eg:There was no evidence to support his opinion.11.claim n.“说法”“陈述”，另外还有“要求”“索赔”的意思。Eg:His claim to know the answe was not believed.Eg:The government would not consider his claim for money.12.bite(bit,bitten)vt.(昆虫)叮，咬Eg:We were bitten to death by flies while camping.Eg:I bit my
17、tongue yeaterday and it is painful.bite vi.用于bite into sb./sth.结构中,表示“咬某人/某物”。Eg:The boy bit into his piece of cake.Eg:Barking dogs seldom bite.13.inject into“把注入”还可用作“向某人介绍”“引进”解Eg:The doctor injected the drug into my arm.Eg:You should inject a few ideas into the project.14.does是对动词inject 的强调，do置于动
18、词前，用来加强语气，常用在肯定句中，根据情况翻译。Eg:Do write me soon.Eg:He didnt come yesterday,but he did give us a phone call.15.act as 充当,担任Eg:He acted as chairman in my absence.Eg:I dont understand their language.Youll have to act as interpreter.16.survive 活下来，幸存Eg:Some animals can survive in the desert on very little
19、water.Eg:These plants wont survivewithout sun.Word FormationOld Words New Wordshospital n.医院hospitalizeinfect v.(使)感染 infected adj.受感染的infect v.(使)感染infection n.感染experience n.经验experience v.经历flu n.感冒/like adj.相似的 flu-like adj.像感冒的produce v.制造 reproduce v.再造comfort v.使人舒服 discomfort v.使人不舒服spread n
20、.传播 spread v.传播use v.使用 user n.使用者carry v.携带 carrier n.携带者prevent v.阻止 prevention n.阻止transmit v.传染 transmission n.传染aid n.帮助 aid v.帮助effective adj.有效的 effectively adv.有效果地normal adj.正常的 normally adv.正常地编后语 同学们在听课的过程中，还要善于抓住各种课程的特点，运用相应的方法去听，这样才能达到最佳的学习效果。一、听理科课重在理解基本概念和规律 数、理、化是逻辑性很强的学科，前面的知识没学懂，后面
21、的学习就很难继续进行。因此，掌握基本概念是学习的关键。上课时要抓好概念的理解，同时，大家要开动脑筋，思考老师是怎样提出问题、分析问题、解决问题的，要边听边想。为讲明一个定理，推出一个公式，老师讲解顺序是怎样的，为什么这么安排？两个例题之间又有什么相同点和不同之处？特别要从中学习理科思维的方法，如观察、比较、分析、综合、归纳、演绎等。作为实验科学的物理、化学和生物，就要特别重视实验和观察，并在获得感性知识的基础上，进一步通过思考来掌握科学的概念和规律，等等。二、听文科课要注重在理解中记忆 文科多以记忆为主，比如政治，要注意哪些是观点，哪些是事例，哪些是用观点解释社会现象。听历史课时，首先要弄清楚本节教材的主要观点，然后，弄清教材为了说明这一观点引用了哪些史实，这些史料涉及的时间、地点、人物、事件。最后，也是关键的一环，看你是否真正弄懂观点与史料间的关系。最好还能进一步思索：这些史料能不能充分说明观点？是否还可以补充新的史料？有无相反的史料证明原观点不正确。三、听英语课要注重实践 英语课老师往往讲得不太多，在大部分的时间里，进行的师生之间、学生之间的大量语言实践练习。因此，要上好英语课，就应积极参加语言实践活动，珍惜课堂上的每一个练习机会。2022-10-22最新中小学教学课件45thank you!2022-10-22最新中小学教学课件46
