1、病人的清洁卫生(一)Cleanliness Cleanliness andand hygiene hygieneReligionEnvironmentDevelopmentallevelHealth and energyPersonal preferencesCultureIndividual hygiene practiceFunctional Levels of Self-Care Totally dependent Moderately dependent SemidependentTypes of Hygienic Care Morning Care(AM Care)Hour of S
2、leep Care(HS Care)As-Needed Care(prn Care)Oral CareAssessing Nursing History Physical assessment Risk factors Assessment of clients with dentureNursing History Oral hygiene practices determine learning needs and incorporate the clients needs and preferences Self-care ability determine the amount and
3、 type of nursing assistance to provide Past or current mouth problems alert the nurse to specific interventions required or referralsPhysical Assessment Dental caries（龋齿龋齿）Periodontal disease(牙周组织疾病）牙周组织疾病）Gingivitis（牙龈炎牙龈炎）Mucosa,lip,tongue,odor (plaque)(tartar)牙垢（牙石）牙垢（牙石）龋齿的形成龋齿的形成没受酸影响的健没受酸影响的健康
4、的牙釉柱康的牙釉柱受酸影响而脱矿受酸影响而脱矿损的牙釉柱损的牙釉柱氟与唾液中的矿氟与唾液中的矿物质再度矿化及物质再度矿化及重建牙釉柱重建牙釉柱牙周疾病牙周疾病牙龈炎牙龈炎牙周炎牙周炎严重的牙周炎严重的牙周炎地地 图图 舌舌牛肉舌牛肉舌镜面舌镜面舌裂纹舌裂纹舌Risk Factors Lack of knowledge Inability People with hasogastric tubes or receiving oxygen Oral or jaw surgery Inadequate nutrition Excessive intake of refined sugars Fami
5、ly history Older people Dry mouth Diagnosing Self-Care Deficit Altered Oral Mucous Membrane Knowledge DeficitPlanning To maintain or improve oral hygiene practices To maintain or restore the integrity of the oral tissues To prevent associated risks such as dental caries and inflammation or injury of
6、 the gums,tongue,or oral mucosaGoalsNursing Interventions Teaching client about good oral hygiene practices and other measures to prevent tooth decay Assisting dependent clients with oral care Providing special oral hygiene for clients who are debilitated,unconscious,or have lesions of the mucosa me
7、mbrane or other oral tissue Implementing（一）（一）Teaching oral hygiene 1.Brushing the teeth 2.Flossing the teeth 3.Health education（二）（二）Caring for artificial dentures（三）（三）Special oral careHair CareAssessingNursing history1.Hair Care Practices2.Self-Care Abilities3.Past or Current Hair ProblemsPhysica
8、l assessmentDandruff,hair loss,pediculosis男性脱发一般进程男性脱发一般进程Diagnosing Self-Care Deficit Impaired Skin Integrity Risk for Infection Body Image DisturbancePlanning Maintain or improve hair care Maintain or improve a sense of well-being Prevent specific hair and scalp problemsGoalsNursing Intervention P
9、erforms hair grooming with assistance Has clean,well-groomed,resilient hair with a healthy sheen Has reduced or absent scalp lessions or infestations Describes contributing factors,interventions,and preventive measures for specific hair problemsImplementing Brushing and combing hair Shampooing the hair 灭头虱法灭头虱法 Pediculosis（虱病虱病）3030含酸百部酊剂含酸百部酊剂 百部30g放在瓶中，加50乙醇100ml（或65白酒100ml），再加入 纯乙酸1ml盖严，48小时后即制得此药30百部含酸煎剂百部含酸煎剂 取百部（干品）30g，加水500ml煎煮30min，以双层纱布过滤，将药渣中的药液挤出。将药渣再加水500ml煎30min，再以双层纱布过滤，挤出药液。将两次煎得的药液合并，浓缩至100ml，冷却后加入纯乙酸1ml，即制得30百部含酸煎剂。若无乙酸，可用食醋代替，纯乙酸1ml相当于市售食醋30ml。
