1、选修选修8 8 Unit 22Unit 22Environmental Environmental Protection Protection-3-主题语境:世界与环境-4-高频单词重点短语难点句型1.reserve n.保护区;储备;保留;储备金;储藏量vi.储备;保存;保留;预订高考佳句 before availabilityand the cherry blossomsdisappear!在樱花凋谢之前,预订你的位置!(2018全国卷,阅读理解A篇)(1)reserve sth for sb为某人保留/预定某物a nature reserve自然保护区in reserve贮存;备用(2)
2、reservation n.保护;保留;预订(房间、座位等)make a reservation预订(座位、房间等)without reservation毫无保留地Reserve your spot-5-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)用reserve或其短语的恰当形式填空Could you for me in your city?你能在你们城市为我预订一家宾馆吗?The government is planning to set up more.政府正计划建立更多的自然保护区。I will call the restaurant and.我要给饭店打个电话预订桌位。(2)单句语法填空T
3、he power of imagination need not be reserved children only.(2013广东卷,阅读理解A篇)reserve a hotel nature reserves make a reservation for-6-高频单词重点短语难点句型2.beyond prep.超出adv.在远处高考佳句Working out in the morning provides additional benefits physically fit.除了身体健康,早上锻炼还能带来其他好处。(2018全国卷,七选五阅读)beyond being-7-高频单词重点短语
4、难点句型beyond control无法控制beyond words难以言表,无法形容beyond compare无与伦比beyond midnight午夜以后beyond sbs power某人力所不及的beyond ones imagination/description超乎想象/无法描述beyond belief/doubt令人难以置信/毫无疑问beyond repair/reach无法修理/够不着Its beyond me why/what.我无法理解为什么/什么-8-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)用beyond或其短语的恰当形式填空So,always try to live
5、a little bit and youll find your abilities are greater than you ever dreamed.所以,总是努力超越一点你的能力去生活你将会发现你的能力比你曾梦想的更大。I havent seen Sara since she was a little girl,and she has changed.自从萨拉还是个小女孩以来,我就再也没有见过她,她变得面目全非。(2)写作升级He told us his story which was what we couldnt imagine.满分表达 He told us his story.b
6、eyond your abilities beyond our imagination beyond recognition-9-高频单词重点短语难点句型3.claim vt.&n.声称;(根据权利)要求,索赔;认领高考佳句At this point,no one had called,so Ann decided to keep it.这个时候没有人打电话来认领狗,所以安决定留下它。(2014山东卷,阅读理解A篇)claim to do sth声称要做某事 claim sth认领某物 claim back要求收回;索回 lay claim to声称对的拥有权 have no claim on
7、/to sth没有对要求的权利;无资格得到 make a claim for对(赔偿等)提出要求to claim the dog-10-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)单句语法填空Doctors claimed(discover)a cure for the disease.They had no claim the land,which was believed to be rich in oil.(2)完成句子There might be an opportunity.可能有机会索赔。to have discovered on to claim -11-高频单词重点短语难点句型4.r
8、elevant adj.有关的;切题的高考佳句Moreover,I completed the senior course of Computer Basics,plus five pre-college courses.此外,我完成了计算机基础知识的高级课程,还有五门相关的大学前课程。(2016北京卷,阅读理解A篇)(1)relevant information相关信息 be relevant to和有关(=have sth to do with)(2)relevance n.相关,贴切,关联性 relevantly adv.有关地;切题地relevant-12-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维
9、热练(1)用relevant或其短语的恰当形式填空I dont think what he said the topic we are discussing.我认为他所说的与我们正在讨论的话题毫无关联。We received all the.我们收到了所有的相关信息。(2)写作升级What experience do you have related to this position?满分表达What experience do you have this position?is relevant to relevant information that/which is relevant t
10、o-13-高频单词重点短语难点句型5.advocate vt.主张,提倡n.提倡者,倡导者;拥护者高考佳句Some immigrant worry that as hard financial times make it more difficult for natives to keep jobs.一些移民倡导者担心这一点,因为在艰难的财务时期使得当地人较难以保住工作。(2017江苏卷,阅读理解D篇)(1)advocate that.(should)do sth主张,提倡advocate doing sth提倡做某事an advocate of/for sb/sth支持某人/某事的人(2)a
11、dvocacy n.拥护advocates-14-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练单句语法填空The party advocates(take)measures to stop the strike.Dont expect him to be advocate of the plan.taking an-15-高频单词重点短语难点句型6.substitute n.代替品,代用品;代替者vt.代替,取代高考佳句Unfortunately,you must carry the necessary equipment with you,since its all but impossible to
12、find .不幸的是,你必须随身携带必要的设备,因为找到天然替代品几乎是不可能的。(2017全国卷,阅读理解D篇)a substitute for.的代替者(品)substitute for sb/sth代替某人/某物;取代某人/某物substitute A for B/substitute B with/by A用A代替Bnatural substitutes-16-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)完成句子If we each letter,the message“Meet me”would read“13 5 5 20 13 5.”如果我们把每个字母都用一个数字代替,信息“Meet
13、me”就会读成“13 5 5 20 13 5”。(2016全国卷,七选五阅读)(2)单句语法填空His father only saw him as a substitute his dead brother.substitute a number for for-17-高频单词重点短语难点句型1.refer to 指,意即;提到;谈及;参考;查阅高考佳句What does the underlined word“that”in paragraph 3?第3段中画线单词“that”指什么?(2017全国卷,阅读理解C篇)(1)refer to the dictionary/notes查词典/笔
14、记(2)reference n.提及;查阅a reference book 参考书refer to-18-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)写出下列各句中refer to的意义A great American,James Madison,referred to:“The capacity(能力)of mankind for self-government.”If,one week from the date of written notice,the pet is not removed,the student is referred to the Student Court.When I
15、 said someone was lazy,I didnt refer to you.Youre not allowed to refer to your notes when answering the questions.提及提交指的是参考,查阅-19-高频单词重点短语难点句型(2)写作升级If I dont know a word in the article,can I look it up in a dictionary?满分表达 If I dont know a word in the article,can I a dictionary?refer to-20-高频单词重点短语
16、难点句型2.look ahead 展望未来经典例句Now I can remember without mourning,and begin to.如今回首往事我已不再感到悲痛,并且开始展望未来。look back回顾look around环顾look into调查look out当心look through浏览look forward to期盼look down on/upon轻视,看不起look up to尊敬;仰慕look up抬头看;查阅look over检查(身体等)look ahead-21-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练用look短语的恰当形式填空,I honestly don
17、t know how she did it.回首往事,老实说我不知道她是如何做的。(2016浙江卷,阅读理解D篇)She couldnt believe how long they let us without saying anything.她简直不敢相信他们让我们四处看了那么久,什么也没说。(2018天津卷,阅读理解B篇)Two boys were lost and the police the matter.两个男孩失踪了,警察正在调查这件事。Looking back were looking into look around-22-高频单词重点短语难点句型The kids were v
18、ery friendly with her and even her as if she were their own mother.孩子们对她很友好,甚至仰慕她,如同她是他们自己的妈妈。(2016上海卷,语法与词汇),we are quite confident of ourselves.展望未来,我们信心十足。looked up to Looking ahead-23-高频单词重点短语难点句型3.in turn依次,轮流地;反过来高考佳句I wouldnt scold anyone for deciding to party on weekends and I wouldnt expect
19、 anyone to give offence to me for focusing on my health.我不会因决定在周末聚会而责骂人,反过来,我也不希望有人因关注我的健康而触怒我。(2015福建卷,阅读理解E篇)by turns轮流take turns to do/doing sth轮流做某事Its ones turn to do sth轮到某人做某事。词义精析(1)in turn表示依次、转而、反过来;(2)in return 作为报答;作为交换(常和介词for连用)。in turn-24-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练完成句子Laughter over the sandwich
20、 can lead to insults,can lead to violence.笑着谈论那块三明治可能会导致侮辱,这相应地可能会导致暴力。,however,this passage will help you to think like an economist.然而,作为回报,这段文章将帮助你像一位经济学家那样思考。Theory is based on practice and serves practice.理论以实践为基础,反过来又为实践服务。which in turn In return in turn-25-高频单词重点短语难点句型4.on ones behalf 代表高考佳句o
21、ur school,I would like to express our warm welcome to you.我代表学校对你们表达我们热烈的欢迎。(2014陕西卷,书面表达)on ones behalf=on behalf of sb代表in behalf of sb=in sbs behalf为帮助某人On behalf of-26-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练(1)完成句子We collected money the poor students.我们为帮助这些贫困学生而筹集资金。(2)写作升级Id like to represent all my classmates to de
22、liver a speech to express our appreciation to our teachers.满分表达all my classmates,Id like to deliver a speech to express our appreciation to our teachers.in behalf of On behalf of -27-高频单词重点短语难点句型5.apart from 除以外(和aside from的意义及用法均相同)高考佳句good service,the restaurant offers different kinds of tradition
23、al Fujian dishes.除了良好的服务,这家餐馆还提供不同种类的传统闽菜。(2011福建卷,单项填空)take sth apart将拆开;拆分tell.apart分辨出fall apart破裂;断裂;散开Apart/Aside from-28-高频单词重点短语难点句型词义精析(1)except意为“除之外(没有)”,常用于排除同类事物(除去整体中的一部分),并用于表示绝对肯定或绝对否定的词之后,如no,none,nothing,all,any,everyone,everything等。其后可接名词、代词或that/what 等引导的从句。(2)besides意为“除了之外(还有)”,
24、包括排除的事物,另外,它也可用作副词而单独使用。(3)except for常用于对整体进行肯定,对局部细节加以否定。(4)apart from/aside from兼有besides,except(for)的意义和用法。-29-高频单词重点短语难点句型四维热练用except,besides,except for和apart from/aside from填空All of the students went hiking last weekend Andy,who was ill in hospital.People choose jobs for other reasons money.Eve
25、rything went well the bad weather.except/apart from/aside from besides/apart from/aside from except for/apart from/aside from-30-重点短语难点句型高频单词1.Given this data,it seems that the link between human activities and rising global temperatures is not merely a coincidence.(Page 6)根据这一数据判断,人类活动与全球变暖之间的关系似乎不
26、仅仅只是一个巧合。given that.句型(1)句中given prep.意为“考虑到,鉴于”。given后接表示事物性的名词(短语),并通常位于句首,也可置于句末,且常用逗号与其后面的句子隔开,整个介词短语在句中做状语。(2)表示“考虑到”时,given后还可接that从句。同时,given做形容词时,表示“规定的”。(3)类似的,considering(顾及;考虑到),according to(根据),concerning(关于)等均为介词(短语)。-31-重点短语难点句型高频单词四维热练完成句子a new survey(调查)by the National Sleep Foundati
27、on,51%of kids aged 10 to 18 go to bed at 10 pm or later on school nights,even though they have to get up early.根据一项由国际睡眠基金会进行的新的调查表明,51%10至18岁的孩子,即使他们必须早起,晚上也是在10点或更晚的时候睡觉。(2017浙江卷,阅读理解B篇)It seems reasonable to send him to do the job,he is doing quite well.考虑到他做得很好,派他去做这项工作似乎是很合理的。According to given
28、/considering that-32-重点短语难点句型高频单词 ,the researchers would have been able to discover more in this field.如果有足够的时间和金钱,那些研究者早就能够发现这个领域更多的东西了。Given enough time and money-33-重点短语难点句型高频单词2.How can we stop these disasters from happening?(Page 6)我们如何才能阻止这些灾难的发生?stop.from doing sth句型(1)句中stop.from doing表示“阻止做
29、”,其中from可以省略。(2)类似地,prevent sb(from)doing sth及keep sb from doing sth也表示“防止/阻止某人做某事”,但keep sb doing sth则表示“让某人继续做某事”。-34-重点短语难点句型高频单词四维热练(1)完成句子The processes take place to loaded with memories.进行这些过程来阻止我们大脑承受记忆负担。(2017北京卷,七选五阅读)Dr Welch needed medicine to .韦尔奇博士需要药物来阻止其他孩子生病。Sure,I could have asked h
30、er,but something so.当然,我本可以问她,但有件事阻止了我去问了。(2017天津卷,阅读理解B篇)stop our brains becoming stop other kids from getting sick prevented me from doing-35-重点短语难点句型高频单词去掉from(2)单句改错Xu Beihongs paintings keep us from imagining.-36-重点短语难点句型高频单词3.But why wait around for governments to take action?(Page 6)但是为什么要等着政
31、府来采取行动呢?Why do.?句型(1)Why do.?表示“为什么做呢?”,该句型在口语中很常用,其否定形式为Why not do.?表示“为什么不做呢?”(2)how,where,when等疑问词没有why类似的用法,但它们可以和动词不定式连用,在句中充当一个成分,而why则没有此用法。-37-重点短语难点句型高频单词四维热练(1)完成句子?We can stay at home and watch films online.何必呢?我们可以留在家里在线观看电影。But now?但是为什么不现在开始呢?(2016四川卷,阅读理解B篇)We debated over into the vi
32、deo.我们讨论了在录像中放入什么内容。(2)写作升级Here are four common email accidents,and how we can recover.满分表达 Here are four common email accidents,and.(2017天津卷,阅读理解A篇)Why bother why not start what to put how to recover-38-重点短语难点句型高频单词4.One of the islands is home to a giant tortoise named Lonesome George.(Page 9)其中一个小
33、岛是一个叫Lonesome George的巨龟的家园。be home to句型be home to.表示“是的家园,是的发祥地,是的居住地”,在home前不可用冠词。-39-重点短语难点句型高频单词四维热练(1)完成句子Without doubt,Qinghua University founded in 1911 is many outstanding figures.毫无疑问建于1911年的清华大学是许多杰出人物的家园。(2)单句改错The forest is a home to various wild animals,but now it has been destroyed.home
34、 to 去掉a -40-重点短语难点句型高频单词5.The last few years have seen environmental disasters on a grand scale,and experts are predicting far worse to come.(Page 10)近几年一些环境灾难大规模地出现,专家们预测更坏的局面即将来临。一段时间+have seen.句型(1)“一段时间+have seen.”表示“(时间)见证了”,此处see也可用witness代替。(2)此处的动词see使用的是拟人修辞手法。拟人修辞手法把事物人格化,使本来不具备人的动作和感情的动物或植物变得像人一样能说能笑。(3)英语中使用拟人修辞手法的句子,主语通常是表示时间、地点、心爱之物等的名词,如车、船等。谓语则常是see,witness,find,make,bring,cause,give,experience等。-41-重点短语难点句型高频单词四维热练完成句子two world wars.20世纪见证了两次世界大战。Another hours ride the foot of the hill.再往前驱车一小时,我们就可以到达山脚下了。The 20th century saw/witnessed will bring us to
