1、语法填空专练（一）语法填空专练（一） 阅读下列短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A Goldfish may look small and cute in your home, but in the wild, its a different story. Releasing them into your local stream or lake is 1. _ bad idea. Right now, Washington State 2. _ (fight) off an invasion (入侵) of goldfish! Thousands of goldf
2、ish are living in the West Medical Lake in large 3. _ (number) and are crowding out the native fish population. How did this happen? The Department of Fish and Wildlife thinks a few irresponsible pet owners are 4. _ (blame). And while the goldfish may have cost the owners a few dollars, this mess is
3、 going to cost the state about $150,000 to try to remove these harmful fish. But this isnt the only place 5. _ this is happening. Goldfish are invading lakes and streams worldwide, and its all our fault. 6. _ you think youre doing the goldfish a favor by releasing it, youre wrong! Instead, youre set
4、ting the stage for a(n) 7. _ (ecology) disaster, which could threaten hundreds of other species. It turns out that goldfish are one of the worlds 8. _ (bad) invasive species. They introduce diseases that destroy the 9. _ (delicate) balanced ecosystems wherever they go. And they arent happy to stay i
5、n one place and will travel across many bodies of water. So 10. _ (think) twice before throwing that goldfish away. B Though he is 74 years old, Jia Zushun volunteers in the field of environmental protection at Aha Reservoir where he has lived for his entire life. 1. _ (cover) 190 square kilometers,
6、 Aha Reservoir is one of Guiyangs major water 2. _ (source) and a popular tourism resort in the city. “3. _ is my responsibility to help keep the water clean,” he said. Since retirement, Jia has taken action. His daily work 4. _ (include) security, environmental publicity and garbage disposal (处理).
7、In 2006, Jia himself spent $127,868 5. _ (build) a bamboo house, a dock (码头) and parking spots. “The most difficult thing for me is to handle tourists who dont want to take part 6. _ environmental protection,” said Jia. He said 7. _ reservoir receives more than 3,000 visitors a day during peak seaso
8、n. Such intensive human activity creates water pollution. “But the situation has improved since the local government set out 8. _ (construct) an ecological civilization in 2009,” he said. “Now the garbage is 9. _ (basic) gone,” he said. “As local people, we have the duty to protect the natural envir
9、onment. It is also very 10. _ (meaning) to call on others to participate for future generations.” C The quality of patience goes a long way toward your goal of creating a more peaceful and loving self. Patience adds some ease and 1. _ (accept) to your life. Its important for inner peace. Becoming mo
10、re patient involves 2. _ (open) your heart to the present moment, even if you dont like it. If you 3. _ (stick) in a traffic jam, late for an appointment, being patient would mean keeping yourself from building a mental snowball before your thinking gets out of hand and gently reminding yourself 4.
11、_ (relax). A(n) 5. _ (effect) way I have found to deepen my own patience is to create actual practice periods. You can start with as little as five minutes and build up your capacity for patience over time. 6. _ youll discover is truly amazing. Patience is one of those 7. _ (quality) where success f
12、eeds on itself. Once you reach little milestone five minutes of successful patience youll begin to see that you do indeed have the capacity to be patient, even for 8. _ (long) periods of time. Over time, you may even become a patient person. Being patient will help you to keep your perspective (洞察力)
13、. You will see even a difficult situation isnt “life or death” 9. _ simply a minor difficulty that must be dealt 10. _. Without patience, the same scene can become a major emergency complete with yelling, hurt feelings, and high blood pressure. D Every year faster motorcars are produced. And each ne
14、w computer boasts of (吹 嘘) 1. _ (save) precious seconds in handling tasks. All this saves time, but at 2. _ price. When we lose or gain half a day in speeding across the world in an airplane, our bodies tell us so. We get the 3. _ (comfortable) feeling known as jetlag (飞行时差综合症). Again, spending too
15、long at computers 4. _ (result) in painful wrists and fingers. However, what do we do with the time we have saved? Certainly not relax. We find 5. _ difficult to sit and do nothing or even to do just one thing at a time. Perhaps the days are long gone when we might listen 6. _ (quiet) to a story on
16、the radio, letting our 7. _ (imagine) take us into another world. There was a time when some peoples lives 8. _ (devote) to the farming of the land or the care of cattle. There is much that we might envy (羡慕) about a way of life like this. Yet before we do so, we must think of the hard 9. _ (task) o
17、ur ancestors faced: They farmed with bare hands, often lived close to hunger, and had to make tools from wood and stone. Modern inventions have freed people 10. _ that primitive existence. E Endangered penguins are hunting for fish in the wrong place, because climate change has caused their prey (猎物
18、) 1. _ (move) to another part of the ocean, researchers have discovered. That is 2. _ the penguins have learned to look for places 3. _ lower sea temperatures and large amounts of a type of chlorophyll (叶绿素). These are signs of plankton (浮游生物) and, in turn, the fish that feed on them. Now these once
19、 sure ways to find food 4. _ (lead) the penguins into an “ecological trap” that is pushing them closer to 5. _ (extinct). And the situation has been made worse by overfishing and a raft of other problems, 6. _ (most) caused by humans. One of the researchers, Dr Richard Sherley, said, “Climate change
20、 and fisheries are transforming the oceans, but we dont have 7. _ complete understanding of their impact.” The problems in 8. _ (find) food have produced low survival rates among young African penguins. It is thought that breeding (繁衍) numbers are about 50 per cent 9. _ (low) than they would be if t
21、he birds were able to find enough 10. _ (eat). F The cure for sleeping problems can often be found in your daily routine. Your day-to-day lifestyle 1. _ (choose) greatly influences the quality of your nightly rest. The following tips will help you to get a better sleep. Set a regular bedtime. Go to
22、bed 2. _ the same time every night. Try not to break this routine at the weekend when you may want to stay 3. _ late. If you want to change your bedtime, help your body adjust by making the change 4. _ (gradual). Try to keep the noise down. If you cant avoid the noise of 5. _ (bark) dogs, loud neigh
23、bors, city traffic, or other people in your household, try masking it. You can buy special sound machine or produce 6. _ (you) own white noise by setting your radio between stations. Earplugs may also help. Keep your room cool. The temperature of your bedroom also 7. _ (affect) your sleep. Most peop
24、le sleep best in a slightly cool room (around 18 C). A bedroom 8. _ is too hot or too cold is not good for your sleep. Make sure your bed is 9. _ (comfort). You should have enough room 10. _ (sleep) well. If you often wake up with a sore (酸困的) back or an aching neck, you may need to buy a new mattre
25、ss (床垫) or a different pillow. 答案答案 A 1. a 2. is fighting 3. numbers 4. to blame 5. where 6. If 7. ecological 8. worst 9. delicately 10. think B 1. Covering 2. sources 3. It 4. includes 5. building 6. in 7. the 8. to construct 9. basically 10. meaningful C 1. acceptance 2. opening 3. are stuck 4. to
26、 relax 5. effective 6. What 7. qualities 8. longer 9. but 10. with D 1. saving 2. a 3. uncomfortable 4. results 5. it 6. quietly 7. imagination 8. were devoted 9. tasks 10. from E 1. to move 2. because 3. with 4. are leading 5. extinction 6. mostly 7. a 8. finding 9. lower 10. to eat F 1. choice 2.
27、at 3. up 4. gradually 5. barking 6. your 7. affects 8. which / that 9. comfortable 10. to sleep 解析解析 A 主题语境：人与自然主题语境：人与自然自然生态自然生态 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了金鱼对自然生态的危害。 1. a。考查不定冠词。idea 是可数名词且此处表泛指，故填不定冠词 a。 2. is fighting。 考查现在进行时态。 由时间状语 Right now 可知应用现在进行时态， 且主语 Washington State 是单数名词，故填 is fighting。 3. numbe
28、rs。考查名词复数。in large numbers 意为“大量地”。 4. to blame。考查不定式作表语的用法。be to blame 意为“应该受到责备”。 5. where。考查关系副词。设空处引导限定性定语从句修饰 place，且在从句中作 地点状语，故填 where。 6. If。考查连词。设空处引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”，故填 If。 7. ecological。考查形容词作定语的用法。设空处作定语修饰 disaster，故填形容 词 ecological。 8. worst。考查形容词最高级。“one of the worlds +形容词最高级”表示“世界上 最的之一”
29、。 9. delicately。 考查副词。 设空处作状语， 修饰形容词 balanced， 故填副词 delicately。 10. think。考查祈使句。这是一个祈使句，故填动词原形 think。 B 主题语境：人与自然主题语境：人与自然环境保护环境保护 本文是记叙文。文章介绍了 74 岁的贾祖顺在贵阳的阿哈水库做志愿者，保 护生态环境的故事。 1. Covering。考查动词-ing 形式作状语的用法。cover 与句子主语 Aha Reservoir 之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用其动词-ing 形式作状语。 2. sources。考查名词复数。由 one of 可知，此处应用名词的复
30、数形式。 3. It。考查 it 的用法。设空处是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式，故 填 It。 4. includes。考查一般现在时态。此处描述客观情况，应用一般现在时，故填 includes。 5. building。考查动词-ing 形式作宾语的用法。spend . (in) doing sth. 意为“花 费干某事”。 6. in。考查介词。take part in 意为“参加”。 7. the。考查定冠词。此处 reservoir 特指上文提到的 Aha Reservoir，故其前应用 定冠词 the。 8. to construct。考查不定式作宾语的用法。set out
31、 to do sth. 意为“开始着手做某 事”。 9. basically。考查副词。设空处作状语修饰 gone，故填副词 basically。 10. meaningful。考查形容词作表语的用法。由 is 可知，设空处作表语，故填形 容词 meaningful。 C 主题语境：人与自我主题语境：人与自我生活与学习生活与学习 本文是说明文。作者介绍了保持耐心的好处以及如何培养自己的耐心。 1. acceptance。 考查名词。 设空处与 ease 并列作 add 的宾语， 故填名词 acceptance。 2. opening。考查动词-ing 形式作宾语的用法。involve doin
32、g sth. 意为“需要做某 事”。 3. are stuck。考查一般现在时的被动语态。stick 与主语 you 之间是被动关系，且 在时间状语从句中常用一般现在时表示将来，故用一般现在时的被动语态。 4. to relax。考查不定式作宾语补足语的用法。remind sb. to do sth. 是固定搭配， 意为“提醒某人做某事”。 5. effective。考查形容词作定语的用法。设空处作定语修饰 way，故填形容词 effective。 6. What。 考查连接词。 设空处引导主语从句且在从句中作宾语， 表示“所的”， 故填 What。 7. qualities。考查名词复数。由
33、 one of those 可知，此处应填复数形式 qualities。 8. longer。考查形容词比较级。此处与前面的 five minutes 作比较，故用比较级。 9. but。考查连词。此句用了 not . but . 结构，意为“不是而是”。 10. with。考查介词。deal with 意为“处理，应付”。 D 主题语境：人与社会主题语境：人与社会科学与技术科学与技术 本文是议论文。作者论述了高科技对现代生活的影响。 1. saving。 考查动词-ing 形式作宾语的用法。 设空处作介词 of 的宾语， 且 computer 与 save 之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故填其动词
34、-ing 形式 saving。 2. a。考查冠词。at a price 意为“以相当高的代价”。 3. uncomfortable。考查形容词作定语的用法。设空处作定语修饰 feeling，且表示 “不舒服的”，故填形容词 uncomfortable。 4. results。 考查主谓一致。 主语是动词-ing形式短语spending too long at computers， 故谓语动词用单数。 5. it。考查 it 的用法。设空处作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式短语， 故填 it。 6. quietly。考查副词。设空处作状语修饰谓语动词 listen，故填副词形式 quie
35、tly。 7. imagination。考查名词。设空处作 letting 的宾语，故填名词 imagination。 8. were devoted。考查一般过去时的被动语态。由 There was a time 可知应用一般 过去时， 又因为 peoples lives 与 devote 之间是被动关系， 故用一般过去时的被动 语态。 9. tasks。考查名词复数。由冒号后提到的古人面临的多种困难可知，此处应用复 数形式。 10. from。考查介词。free . from . 意为“使摆脱”。 E 主题语境：人与自然主题语境：人与自然自然生态自然生态 本文是说明文。全球变暖导致企鹅觅食
36、时陷入生态陷阱，它们的数量正在减 少。 1. to move。考查不定式作宾语补足语的用法。cause sb. to do sth. 意为“导致某人 做某事”。 2. because。考查连词。此句进一步阐述企鹅陷入生态陷阱的原因，故用 because 引导表语从句。 3. with。考查介词。此处表示“伴随，有”，故用介词 with。 4. are leading。考查现在进行时态。由时间状语 Now 可知应用现在进行时态。 5. extinction。考查名词。设空处作介词 to 的宾语，故填名词 extinction。 6. mostly。考查副词。设空处作状语修饰 caused，故填副
37、词 mostly。 7. a。考查不定冠词。have a . understanding of . 意为“对有的了解”。 8. finding。考查动词-ing 形式作宾语的用法。设空处作介词 in 的宾语，故填其动 词-ing 形式 finding。 9. lower。考查形容词比较级。由 than 可知，应用比较级 lower。 10. to eat。考查不定式作定语的用法。find sth. to eat 意为“找到一些吃的东西”。 F 主题语境：人与自我主题语境：人与自我生活与学习生活与学习 本文是说明文。作者介绍了几种促进睡眠的方法。 1. choice。考查名词。设空处作主语，且谓
38、语动词是单数形式，故填 choice。 2. at。考查介词。at the same time 意为“在同样的时间”。 3. up。考查副词。stay up 意为“熬夜”。 4. gradually。考查副词。设空处作状语修饰非谓语动词 making，故填 gradually。 5. barking。考查动词-ing 形式作定语的用法。设空处作定语修饰 dogs，因 dogs 与 bark 之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故填其动词-ing 形式 barking。 6. your。 考查代词。 设空处作定语修饰 white noise， 故填形容词性物主代词 your。 7. affects。考查主谓
39、一致。主语是单数名词 The temperature，故谓语动词用单数。 8. which / that。考查关系代词。设空处引导限定性定语从句，修饰 bedroom，且 在从句中作主语，故填 which / that。 9. comfortable。考查形容词作表语的用法。设空处作表语，且表示“舒适的”，故 填形容词 comfortable。 10. to sleep。考查不定式作目的状语的用法。“睡得舒适”是“应该有足够的空间” 的目的，故用不定式 to sleep。 语法填空专练（二）语法填空专练（二） 阅读下列短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A Stray
40、 dogs (流浪狗) are a big problem in Bangalore, a city of more than 10 million people in India. With 30 million or so stray dogs in India, its no wonder that the issue has become a source of 1. _ (heat) debate. Many residents (居民) take pity on the animals, while some treat them as pests. One thing is fo
41、r certain: Very few people have stepped up to take action. One couple in Bangalore, Anil Prasad and Bismi Anil, is a(n) 2. _ (except). They have made 3. _ a part of their routine to feed and train stray dogs. They have successfully fed 120 dogs in the past three years, according to the couple. I fir
42、st came across Prasad and Anils work when 4. _ (read) an article online. Since then, I 5. _ (want) to interview them, and so I did. When 6. _ (ask) why they decided to feed stray dogs, Anil responded: “In simple terms, it is to promote coexistence. 7. _ it is cows, dogs or cats, everyone has a role
43、to play in the community.” The couple do more than just feed stray animals. They train them 8. _ (be) tamer. “Keeping street dogs healthy and friendly 9. _ (help) in reducing aggression (攻击) and keeping the population 10. _ control,” Prasad said. B My family has always been passionate (充满激情的) about
44、1. _ (observe) traditions. In India, my homeland, one of the most beloved traditions is the setting off of firecrackers during the Hindu Festival of Diwali. Diwali 2. _ (celebrate) for five days each autumn. Sweets, gift exchanges, and fireworks are all part of the celebration. And purchasing firewo
45、rks at an open market is always 3. _ (thrill) for my brother and me. Another Diwali tradition is an art form 4. _ (call) rangoli. Beautiful geometric (几何的) patterns, which are thought 5. _ (be) good luck, are made from such materials 6. _ dry flour, colored sand, and flower petals (花瓣). The unique s
46、hapes 7. _ families create are passed down. Abhinav and I like to add a bit of excitement to our celebration by having our mother judge whose rangoli design is 8. _ (good). However, neither of us is a(n) 9. _ (particular) skillful artist. Centuries-old traditions, which are passed down from generati
47、on to generation, give us joy and help define us. As the writer Henry James once said, “10. _ takes an endless amount of history to make even a little tradition.” C Every year, school districts spend millions of dollars on plastic water bottles. Now, two high school seniors 1. _ (push) their school district to spend their money elsewhere. Anna Rychlik and Chantal Raguin recently started “Get On Tap.” The movement encourages students 2. _ (reduce) their reliance on bottled water. Instead,
