1、Discovering useful words and expressions1.to choose carefully-2.not seen or found very often-3.welcome area in a hotel-4.to surprise somebody very much -selectrarereceptionamaze1 Find the word or expression for each of the following meanings from the text.5.no more than-6.made of wood-7.trying to fi
2、nd something;looking carefully for something-8.to manage to live or continue in difficulties-9.to take something away-less thanwoodenin search ofsurviveremove10.person who creates things which can be considered works of art -11.of an earlier period or time;happening before-12.in a situation in which
3、 two sides fight each other-artistformerat warChen Lei studied art history and the early _ of China in a university.He was able to recognize the _ of different cultural relics from former times,dynastiesstylerare designed decorated style doubt fancy dynasties amazing worth jewels2.Complete the passa
4、ge with the words below.especially the Tang and Song dynasties.One day he was looking in a second-hand furniture shop when he saw an _ object among the many different vases and _.It was a mirror _ in the Song Dynasty and _ in the _ style of that time.amazingjewelsdesigneddecoratedfancyHe recognized
5、that it was a _ cultural relic,but at a price he could afford,so he bought it at once.Later he gave it to his local museum.The people there were very happy and without _ consider it one of the treasures of their collection.To them,it was _ much more than Chen Lei paid.raredoubtworthAnswer key for ex
6、ercise 3A-3 B-2C-3 D-1Discovering useful structuresSentences with attributive clauses:1.This gift was the Amber Room,which was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it.2.The amber which was selected had a beautiful yellow-brown colour like honey.3.It was also a treasure dec
7、orated with gold and jewels,which took the countrys best artists about ten years to make.Can you find out more the sentences with attributive clauses?Answers to exercise 2:1.Restrictive attributive clauses give important information to find a particular thing or person from two or more other things
8、or people.(see the sentence 2 in exercise 1)2.Non-restrictive attributive clauses give extra information which is interesting or useful but not essential for finding a particular thing or person.(see the sentences 1,3 in exercise 1)Answer key for exercise 3Example:1.Here are the farmers who discover
9、ed the underground city last month.2.Hangzhou is a famous city in China,where many people come to buy tea.3.I dont know the reason why she got so angry.Complete 4-10 by yourself.Answer key for exercise 41.whose daughter studies in a key university2.who discovered the terracotta warriors3.which was d
10、ecorated with valuable jewels4.where she can learn about former dynasties5.which was drawn by a famous artist in the Tang Dynasty6.which is very beautiful7.when we get together to celebrate8.that I cant remember9.which is known for its good food10.when the weather was warm and sunnyGrammarThe Restri
11、ctive and Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句构成：构成：+,+关系词关系词先行词先行词She has two brothers,(who are working in the city).+其他其他部分部分关系代词的指代关系关系代词的指代关系指人指人指物指物在定语从句中的作在定语从句中的作用用WhoWhomWhichwhose主语主语宾语宾语主语主语 宾语宾语定语定语宾语宾语指代整个主句指代整个主句关系副词的指代关系关系副词的指代关系指地点指地点指时指时间
12、间在定语从句中的作在定语从句中的作用用时间状语时间状语地点状语地点状语介词介词+which1.1.限制性定语从句限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语的定语,如果去掉如果去掉,主句的意思就不完整或主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。失去意义。这种从句和主句的关系十分密切，这种从句和主句的关系十分密切，写时写时不用逗号分开不用逗号分开。限制性定语从句中限制性定语从句中作宾语的关系代词常可省略作宾语的关系代词常可省略。2.2.非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句和主句关系不十分密切和主句关系不十分密切,只是对先行词作些附加的说明只是对先行词作些附加的说明,如果去掉如果去掉,主句
13、主句的意思仍然清楚。的意思仍然清楚。这种从句和主句之间往往这种从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开用逗号分开,一般不用一般不用that和和why引导。引导。非限制性定语从句中非限制性定语从句中,关系词不可省略关系词不可省略。如：如：(1)Yesterday I met Professor King,who came from the University of London.昨天我遇见金教授昨天我遇见金教授,他从是伦敦大学来的。他从是伦敦大学来的。(2)He lent me a dictionary,which was just what I needed.他借给我一本词典他借给我一本词典,这正是我所
14、需要的。这正是我所需要的。3.3.大多数限制性和非限制性定语从句的先行词大多数限制性和非限制性定语从句的先行词往往为某一个词或短语往往为某一个词或短语,而特殊场合非限制性而特殊场合非限制性定语从句的定语从句的先行词也可为整个主句先行词也可为整个主句,此时非此时非限制性定语从句常限制性定语从句常由由which引导引导。(2)A five-year-old boy can speak two foreign languages,which surprises all the people present.一个五岁的男孩会讲两门外语一个五岁的男孩会讲两门外语,令所有在场令所有在场的人感到非常惊讶。的
15、人感到非常惊讶。解析解析:从语境可知从语境可知,令所有在场的人感到惊讶令所有在场的人感到惊讶的内容是一个五岁男孩会讲两门外语这整个的内容是一个五岁男孩会讲两门外语这整个一件事，因此先行词为整个主句，此时应由一件事，因此先行词为整个主句，此时应由which引导非限制性定语从句。引导非限制性定语从句。As is said in the newspaper,two farmers saw the UFO in the field.I like the house,whose windows face the sea.As 引导的非限制性定语从句引导的非限制性定语从句,意味意味“正如正如.”常位于句首
16、常位于句首,which不可以。不可以。先行词在从句做定语先行词在从句做定语,用关系词用关系词 whose品读规律品读规律介词介词+关系代词，介词的选用，要根据从句的谓关系代词，介词的选用，要根据从句的谓语动词的构成。语动词的构成。People will remember August 8th,2008,when 29th Olympic Games was held in Beijing.先行词在从句中作时间状语先行词在从句中作时间状语,用用when或介词或介词+which。Cindy is a lovely girl,with whom many people like to make fr
17、iends.1.She has two brothers who are working in the city.她有两个弟弟在这个城市工作。她有两个弟弟在这个城市工作。（意含：她还有其他弟弟。）（意含：她还有其他弟弟。）She has two brothers,who are working in the city.她有两个弟弟她有两个弟弟,他们在这个城市工作。他们在这个城市工作。（意含：她只有两个弟弟。）（意含：她只有两个弟弟。）品味一品味一“翻翻”2.He will wear no clothes which will make him different from others.他不会
18、穿一些使他显得与众不同的衣服。他不会穿一些使他显得与众不同的衣服。He will wear no clothes,which will make him different from others.他不穿衣服他不穿衣服,这会使他显得与众不同。这会使他显得与众不同。1.Her brother who is now a soldier always encourages her to go to college.她那当兵的哥哥总是鼓励她上大学。她那当兵的哥哥总是鼓励她上大学。(意含意含:她还有其他哥哥她还有其他哥哥)Her brother,who is now a soldier,always e
19、ncourages her to go to college.她哥哥是当兵的她哥哥是当兵的,他总是鼓励她上大学。他总是鼓励她上大学。(意含意含:她只有一个哥哥她只有一个哥哥)3.All the books that have pictures in them are well written.所有里面带插图的书都写得很好。所有里面带插图的书都写得很好。(意含意含:不带插图的书则不一定写得好不带插图的书则不一定写得好)All the books,which have pictures in them,are well written.所有的书都带插图所有的书都带插图,这些书都写得很好。这些书都写
20、得很好。(意含意含:没有不带插图的书没有不带插图的书)当我们做非限制性定语从句的练习时当我们做非限制性定语从句的练习时,往往先确定先行词，然后再分析先行词往往先确定先行词，然后再分析先行词在从句中的作用，再对关系词加以选择。在从句中的作用，再对关系词加以选择。整理一番整理一番1.People are excited to meet Zhai Zhigang,he was the first Chinese to walk in space.2.Many Chinese will never forget May 12th,2008,when a big earthquake happened
21、in Sichuan then.3.Which is shown on TV,many children suffered a lot from the polluted milk.hewhothen去掉去掉WhichAs4.Lin Hao is a hero,who we should learn.5.China got the most gold medals in the Olympics,that makes people excited.6.I dream of going to Beijing,which the 29th Olympic Games was held.whofro
22、m whomthatwhichwhichwhere/in whichwho we should learn fromcompetition1.Hangzhou is a beautiful city,_ people visit the famous West Lake.2.Beijing,_ is the capital of China,has a very long history.3._ is known to all,he is the best student.4.The young man had a new girl friend,_ is a pop star.whichAs
23、whowhere/in which5.I should thank my teacher,with _ help,I solved the problem.6.He once worked on the Birds Nest,_ _ his son is proud.whoseofwhich“Doctor,”she said loudly,breaking into the room,_ there was a man,“I want you to tell what is wrong with me.”He looked at her from head to foot,then said,
24、“_ is shown in the mirror,Ive just three things to tell you.Fill in the blanks with proper link words.The doctor lives downstairswhereAsFirst,I suggest you,my lady,_ weight needs reducing by nearly fifty pounds.Second,you may use 1/10 as much lipstick(口红口红),by _ you will be prettier.And third,Im an
25、artist-the doctor,_ you are looking for,lives downstairs.whichwhomwhose1.The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those _ lives were affected.A.whose B.that C.who D.which 【答案答案】A【解析解析】考查定语从句。其中考查定语从句。其中those作为先行词，作为先行词，定语从句中缺少定语从句中缺少lives的定语，故用的定语，故用whose。2.Happiness and success
26、often come to those _are good at recognizing their own strengths.A.whom B.who C.whatD.which 【答案答案】B【解析解析】考查定语从句。先行词为考查定语从句。先行词为those，指人；指人；定语从句中缺少主语，故使用关系代词定语从句中缺少主语，故使用关系代词who。3.The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China ,he remembersstarting as early as his childhood.A.where B
27、.which C.what D.when【答案答案】B【解析解析】考查定语从句。先行词为考查定语从句。先行词为passion，定语从句中缺少宾语，故用关系代词定语从句中缺少宾语，故用关系代词which。4.John invited about 40 people to his wedding,most of are family members.A them B.that C.which D.whom【答案答案】D【解析解析】考查定语从句。先行词为考查定语从句。先行词为40 40 people，定语从句中缺少主语，故使用定语从句中缺少主语，故使用whom。介词之。介词之后不能用后不能用that
28、，应予以排除；，应予以排除；which指先行词为指先行词为物；物；them为人称代词，应用于并列句中。为人称代词，应用于并列句中。5.The children,_ had played the whole day long,were worn out.A.all of what B.all of which C.all of them D.all of whom 【答案答案】D【解析解析】考查定语从句。先判断为定语从句，考查定语从句。先判断为定语从句，先行词为先行词为children，故答案为故答案为D。6.We live in an age more information is avail
29、able with greater ease than ever before.A.Why B.whenC.to whom D.on which【答案答案】B【解析解析】when引导定义从句，在从句中做时间引导定义从句，在从句中做时间状语，修饰先行词状语，修饰先行词an age（时代）（时代）.此处的此处的when=at which。7.In our class there are 46 students,_ half wear glasses.A.in whom B.in them C.of whom D.of them【答案答案】C 【解析解析】本题考查定语从句。前后两句话之本题考查定语从
30、句。前后两句话之间无连词，故不能用人称代词间无连词，故不能用人称代词them,而应用而应用关系代词关系代词whom引导定语从句；在引导定语从句；在46个学生个学生当中，表所属，应用当中，表所属，应用of。故答案选故答案选C。8.Stephen Hawking believes that earth is unlikely to be the only planet _ life has developed gradually.A.thatB.where C.which D.whose9.Ive become good friends with several of the students i
31、n my school _ I met in the English speech contest last year.A.who B.where C.when D.which BAD11._ is known to everybody,the moon travels around the earth once every month.A.It B.As C.That D.whatBC13.The weather turned out to be very good,_ was more than we could expect.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.itBDBACDC2
32、0.Yesterday she sold her car,_ she bought a month ago.A.whom B.where C.that D.which21.Ill give you your friends home address,_ I can be reached most evenings.A.which B.when C.whom D.whereDD22.They will fly to Washington,_ they plan to stay for two or three days.A.where B.there C.which D.when23.All t
33、he neighbor admire this family,_ the parents are treating their child like a friend.A.why B.where C.which D.thatAB24.She was always speaking highly of her role in the play,of course,_ madethe others unhappy.A.which B.who C.this D.what25.After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small
34、town _ he grew up as a child.A.which B.when C.that D.whereA D 26.The gentleman _ you told me yesterday proved to be a thief.A.who B.about whom C.whom D.with whom27.Please take any seat _ is free.A.which B.where C.in which D.thatB D 28.The old man has two sons,_ is a soldier.A.one of whom B.both of t
35、hem C.all of whom D.none of them29.New York is famous for its sky-scrapers (摩天大楼摩天大楼)_ has more than 100 storeys.A.the higher of them B.the highest of which C.the highest of them D.some of whichA B 30.Mr.Wang is a boss,_ factory Li Ping worked.A.in whose B.whose C.in whom D.of which31.I dont like th
36、e way _ you speak to her.A./B.that C.in which D.All A,B,and CA D 32.I shall never forget the years _ I lived in the country with the farmers,_ has a good effect on my life.A.that,which B.when,which C.which,that D.when,who33._ is known to all,China will be an advanced and powerful country in 20 or 30
37、 years time.A.What B.That C.As D.ItB C 34.Is this book _ you want to borrow from the library?A.that B.which C.the one D./35.Such a book _ you showed me is difficult to understand.A.that B.which C.as D.likeC C 1.不懂装懂不懂装懂,一事无成。一事无成。He who knows nothing but pretends to know everything,is indeed a good-
38、for-nothing.2.甘当小绵羊甘当小绵羊,迟早要喂狼。迟早要喂狼。He that makes himself a sheep shall be eaten by the wolf.3.万事开头难。万事开头难。Its the first step that costs.4.千里之行千里之行,始于足下。始于足下。He who would climb that ladder must begin at the bottom.5.自满的人腹中空。自满的人腹中空。He who is full of himself is very empty.6.闪光的未必都是金子。闪光的未必都是金子。Not all that glitters is gold.1.Review the grammar points;2.Finish exercises 1,2,3 and 4 on page 4;3.Preview using language.
