1、【20202020中考英语语法考点精讲中考英语语法考点精讲】动词和动词短语动词和动词短语考点考点一一动词的分类与词义辨析动词的分类与词义辨析1及物动词及物动词后面要跟宾语才能使句意完整。如love，need，want等。它主要用于三种句型中：实义动词：本身有词义，能独立作谓语，根据后面是否带宾语，可分为及物动词和不及物动词。考点精讲考点精讲2动词间接宾语直接宾语动词宾语如：I bought some books yesterday.我昨天买了一些书。(bought后有宾语books，为及物动词)动词宾语宾补考点精讲考点精讲32.不及物动词不及物动词本身有完整的意思，后不需接宾语。如：He al
2、ways studies hard.他一直努力学习。(study后无宾语，为不及物动词)若不及物动词需要带宾语，其后需加适当的介词，才可以跟宾语。有的动词既可作及物动词，也可作不及物动词。如：She sings very well.她唱得很好。(sing是不及物动词)She sang an English song just now.她刚才唱了一首英文歌。(sing是及物动词)考点精讲考点精讲4系动词和助动词的用法系动词和助动词的用法1系动词本身有词义，但不能独立作谓语，须与表语一起构成谓语。用来表示主语状态的系动词只有be(am，is，are，was，were)；用来表示主语继续或保持一种状
3、态或态度的系动词有keep，stay，remain，stand等；表象系动词有look，seem，appear等；表示人的感觉的系动词有feel，smell，sound，taste等；表变化的系动词有become，get，grow，turn等。考点精讲考点精讲5情态动词的用法情态动词的用法情态动词有一定的词义，但不能独立作谓语，须与动词原形一起构成谓语，表示说话人的情绪、态度和语气。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。1can(could)表能力，could为can的过去式。can与be able to的意义基本相同。但can只有一般现在时和一般过去时，而be able to能用于各种时态。表可能性。
4、表许可。口语中可代替may。考点精讲考点精讲6cant表有把握的否定判断，意为“不可能”。could在口语中，常代替can来向对方比较委婉客气地提出请求或表示看法。此时could不表示过去时。2may(might)用来征求对方意见，意为“可以”。口语性较强。might可以指过去时间；也可指现在时间，语气更委婉。表猜测和对可能性的判断，意为“可能；也许”。might可以指过去时间；也可指现在时间，语气更加不肯定。考点精讲考点精讲73must表说话人的主观意志，意为“必须，应该”。无时态变化。其否定答语常用neednt或dont have to，意为“不必”。【注意】have to意为“不得不；必
5、须”，主要强调受到外界客观因素的迫使。它可用于多种时态，且有人称和数的变化。must的否定形式为mustnt，意为“不许；一定不要”，表示禁止和告诫。表示对事物的推测，意为“想必；一定”，只用于肯定句。且比may的语气要肯定得多。考点精讲考点精讲84would作情态动词时，无人称限制，表意愿，常与like，love连用。5should表义务。意为“应该”(某件事宜做)，用于各种人称。表推测，意为“想必一定；照说应该；估计”等。考点精讲考点精讲91.(2019江西,29)Youll have to the books because there arent enough for everyone
6、.A.packB.sellC.chooseD.share D2.(2019天津,24)We should making a noise in the library.A.avoidB.preferC.practiseD.enjoy3.(2019新疆,31)Mum likes soap operas.Lets buy a TV for her.A.becomingB.watchingC.lookingD.smellingAB4.(2019湖北武汉,36)Have you chemistry for the coming exam?Yes.Im quite ready for it.A.repea
7、tedB.copied C.markedD.reviewed5.(2019内蒙古呼和浩特,3)Jack,lets have a picnic after school.Sorry.I have Frank to work on the biology report with him.A.advisedB.expectedC.suggestedD.promisedDD6.(2019河南,25)You cant change who you are by reading a book or change the way you act by watching a video.What is wha
8、t you do,not what you know.A.includesB.decidesC.meansD.matters7.(2019云南,34)I cant find my keys.Maybe I them at home this morning.A.leftB.forgotC.lostD.missed8.(2019安徽,37)Hello,Beijing Hotel.Can I help you?Yes,Id like to a single room for two nights.A.enterB.moveC.bookD.provideDAC考考点二点二动词短语辨析动词短语辨析动词
9、短语指动词跟一个或两个介词或副词构成的固定短语。其意义与原来动词的意思不同。1动词短语的分类：动词介词arrive in/at，ask for，begin with，be from，come from，get to，laugh at，look for，send for，wait for考点精讲考点精讲14及物动词副词find out，give up，look up(查找)，put on，pick up，ring up，take off(脱下)，take away，turn on，turn off，think over，cut off不及物动词副词get up，go on，grow up，set
10、 off，stand up，take off动词副词介词get on(along)with，catch up with，come up with，go on with，look forward to动词名词介词take part in，make friends with，take care of考点精讲考点精讲15 be+形容词形容词+介词介词Be good at,be interested in,be good for,be worried about常见的动词短语考点精讲考点精讲16考点精讲考点精讲171.If you want to join the Music Club,the for
11、m,please.A.go outB.fill out C.get upD.warm up2.Im afraid his radio is too noisy.Will you please him to a little?Sure.A.ask;turn it downB.allow;turn it onC.tell;turn it upD.advise;turn it offBA考点精讲考点精讲3.I really need to take more exercise because Im weight.A.putting downB.putting on C.putting offD.pu
12、tting away4.Why were you shouting at Tom?I told him to be quiet,but he talking.A.joined inB.ended up C.kept onD.put offBC考点精讲考点精讲5.Our school has a sign at the gate,saying“Greet your child with a smile,not a mobile”.A.put upB.put offC.put on6.I asked my father to me at the school gate at 6:30 so tha
13、t we could visit Grandma together.A.pick;upB.turn;down C.let;downD.cheer;up AA考点精讲考点精讲7.On the first day of Chinese New Year,we new clothes and visit people.A.pick upB.put on C.take offD.throw away8.Would you please the light?I cant sleep well with it on.A.turn onB.turn off C.turn toD.turn aroundBB考点精讲考点精讲22
