1、一二一、阅读下列句子,判断句中动词-ing形式所作的成分1.Missing the bus means waiting for another two hours.2.My job is teaching.3.It is no use quarreling with him.4.We have to prevent the air from being polluted.5.Do you know the girl standing under the tree now?6.Can you hear her singing the song in the next door?7.He stay
2、ed at home,cleaning and washing.8.With the lights burning,he fell asleep.主语;宾语 表语(真正)主语(介词)宾语(后置)定语 宾语补足语(伴随)状语 宾语补足语 一二二、根据所学知识,用所给动词的正确形式填空1.(judge)from his accent,he may be from Africa.2.You should be careful while(cross)the street.3.Your(drink)too much will do harm to your health.4.He has devote
3、d himself to(help)the poor.5.He kept the car(wait)at the gate.6.He cant walk without a(walk)stick.7.They havent finished(build)the dam.8.In the ant city,the queens job is(lay)eggs.9.Last night,there were millions of people(watch)the game.10.Today there are more airplanes(carry)more people than ever
4、before in the sky.Judging crossing drinking helping waiting walking building laying watching carrying 动词动词-ing形式作状语形式作状语动词-ing形式作状语时表示的动作是主语动作的一部分,与谓语表示的动作或状态同时或几乎同时发生,或是先于谓语动词动作发生,它的逻辑主语与句子的主语一致。一、动词-ing形式作状语所表示的意义二、动词-ing形式作状语的句法功能动词-ing形式作状语时表示时间、原因、让步、结果、条件、方式、伴随,多用逗号同句子的其他成分隔开。1.作时间状语。强调与谓语动词的动
5、作同时发生时,动词-ing形式之前可用连词while或when等。Hearing the bad news,they couldnt help crying.=When they heard the bad news,they couldnt help crying.翻译 听到这个坏消息时,他们情不自禁地哭了起来。While playing the piano,she got very excited.=While she was playing the piano,she got very excited.翻译 弹钢琴时(过程中),她变得十分激动。Having finished their
6、homework,they all went out to play.=After they had finished their homework,they all went out to play.翻译 完成作业后,他们都出去玩了。2.作原因状语。相当于原因状语从句。Not recognizing the voice,he refused to give the person his address.=As he didnt recognise the voice,he refused to give the person his address.翻译 因为没听出那个人是谁,他拒绝把自己的
7、地址给他。3.作让步状语。相当于一个让步状语从句。有时动词-ing 形式前可带有连词although,even if,even though等。Although working hard from morning till night,he didnt get enough food.=Although he worked hard from morning till night,he didnt get enough food.翻译 虽然他从早到晚拼命干,但挣的还是不够吃。4.作结果状语。通常放在句末,用逗号与前面的部分隔开;有时为了突出结果,其前可带thus。She was so angr
8、y that she threw the plates on the floor,breaking them into pieces(=and broke them into pieces).翻译 她是如此生气,以至于把盘子扔在地上,摔得粉碎。5.作条件状语。相当于if引导的条件状语从句。Working hard(=If you work hard),youll succeed sooner or later.翻译 努力学习,你迟早会成功的。6.表示方式或伴随情况。这种用法可以用并列复合句或两个简单句代替。They came into the classroom singing and lau
9、ghing.=They sang and laughed and came into the classroom.翻译 他们又唱又笑地走进教室。三、动词-ing形式作状语的基本原则1.动词-ing形式有一般式和完成式。动词-ing形式的完成式表示的动作在谓语动词表示的动作之前已经完成。Having found the answer,he felt relieved.找到答案后,他如释重负。2.动词-ing形式被动语态的一般式表示一个被动动作正在进行,或与谓语动词表示的动作同时进行;动词-ing形式被动语态的完成式表示一个被动动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前已经完成。Being taught hu
10、ndreds of words,the students can make up simple dialogues.被教会了几百个单词后,这些学生能组织简单的对话了。3.动词-ing形式的否定结构是在分词前加not,注意不要受谓语动词否定形式的影响。动词-ing形式完成式的否定结构通常不把not置于having和过去分词之间。Not having received any reply,he decided to write another letter.由于没收到任何答复,他决定再写一封信。4.一般情况下,当动词-ing形式作状语时,其逻辑主语就是句子的主语。如果动词-ing短语逻辑主语和句子
11、主语不一致,即为错句。另外,动词-ing形式或动词-ing短语也可以有自己的逻辑主语,它们之间有逻辑上的主谓关系,称之为独立主格结构,逻辑主语通常由一个名词或代词来充当。School being over,the students left the classroom and went home.放学了,学生们离开教室回家了。一二一、单句改错1.Seen it with my own eyes,I will believe what you said.答案:SeenSeeing2.Having translated into several languages,this novel is on
12、e of the representatives of his best works.答案:Having后加been3.I grew up speaking English and eat with a fork.答案:eateating4.Compared it with others,you will find its unique characteristics.答案:ComparedComparing一二6.Not know what to do next,he turned to his parents for advice.答案:knowknowing5.The storm hit
13、 the city at midnight,caused great damage to the local economy.答案:causedcausing一二二、单句语法填空1.(warn)against the earthquake,the villagers moved outside.答案:Having been warned2.(be)only five years old,he went to Japan with his parents.答案:Being4.He sat at the desk,(read)a newspaper.答案:reading3.But unlike h
14、er school friends,16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term(rest).答案:resting一二5.While(watch)TV,we heard the doorbell ring.答案:watching6.My cousin came to see me from the country,(bring)me a full basket of fresh fruits.答案:bringing7.Weather(permit),well go for a picnic the day after tomorrow.答案:permi
15、tting8.Pressed from his parents,and(realize)that he has wasted too much time,the boy is determined to stop playing video games.答案:realizing一二9.I had great difficulty(find)the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant.答案:finding10.(taste)terrible,the medicine was thrown away by the little boy.答案:Tasting11.(gather)around the fire,the tourists danced with the local people.答案:Gathering12.(work)in several countries,the young man seems to have the experience were looking for.答案:Having worked
