1、UNIT 2 SUCCESS素养导航导航 主题语境人与自我做人与做事 Definition of SuccessSuccess is the status of having achieved and accomplished an aim or objective.Being successful means the achievement of planned goals.How to define success in life?The only person that can answer the question above is you.I am neither able nor
2、willing to prescribe the definition of success,as this is not possible.Every person is thinking differently about being prosperous in life and is defining success in another way,so there cant exist a definition that is suitable for all.It is very important that you know exactly how to define success
3、 in life!Make yourself aware what accomplishment,success and prosperity mean to you in your life.Some might define success as having expensive cars,whereas others consider a life full of joy and happiness with their family as the true meaning of success.Once you have figured out what is important fo
4、r you personally you are able to focus on your goals.The meaning of successOne of the most important key steps to achieve success in life is to know the meaning of success for your personal life.The true meaning of success goes far beyond the common definitions of success,such as having a lot of mon
5、ey and being wealthy.Quite the opposite:true success in life cannot be measured with the above named factors,but instead with the amount of people that are able to live a better and more advanced life because of what you created.This is the meaning of success.Not the trophies people are collecting i
6、n their lives.Media and society let us often conclude that living a successful life means to be extraordinarily wealthy.But the meaning of success is to live a happy life and to make this world a better place for everyone.词海拾贝status n.社会地位define v.定义prosperous adj.繁荣的;兴旺的be suitable for适合figure out估
7、算出focus on集中精力于far beyond远远超越extraordinarily adv.特别地典句欣赏Some might define success as having expensive cars,whereas others consider a life full of joy and happiness with their family as the true meaning of success.译文:有些人可能会把成功定义为拥有昂贵的汽车,而另一些人则认为与家人在一起的生活充满了快乐和幸福,这才是成功的真正意义。分析:这是一个并列句。句中由whereas连接两个并列
8、分句。第一个分句中含有define.as.短语,第二个分句中含有consider.as.短语,两个短语都意为“把看成”。理解诱思In the authors opinion,what does success really mean?答案:To live a happy life and make this world a better place for everyone.Section ATOPIC TALK&LESSON 1.知识体系图解 重点词汇1.persistent adj.2.astronaut n.3.optimistic adj.4.disciplined adj.5.mil
9、lionaire n.6.professor n.7.symbol n.8.ultimate adj.9.dormitory=dorm n.10.furniture n.坚持的;执意的宇航员 乐观的,乐观主义的 遵守纪律的 百万富翁教授象征,标志最后的,最终的 寝室,学生宿舍家具11.adj.坚定的,坚决的 12.adj.坚定的;尽心尽力的 13.adj.热心的,热衷的 14.adj.有抱负的,有雄心的 15.adj.感激的 16.adv.舒服地,舒适地 17.n.伤,损害 18.n.职业,事业 19.n.投入,忠诚,奉献;承诺 20.n.合作,协作 21.n.雇员 22.n.大笔的钱,巨款
10、23.vt.欣赏;赏识 24.n.饥饿,饥荒 25.adj.内疚的,羞愧的 determinedcommittedenthusiasticambitiousappreciativecomfortablyinjurycareercommitmentcooperationemployeefortuneappreciatehungerguilty重点短语1.有意义;解释得通 2.get on 3.退出,脱离;辍学 4.turn ones backs on make sense 发迹;出人头地 drop out 不理会 重点句式1.He was tired of being regarded as l
11、iving a successful life,as a person who had everything while many people had nothing.2.Whenever he had more than two thousand dollars,he would give away small bank notes to homeless people in the streets of local areas.重点语法动词-ing形式.阅读导学A.阅读P30-31文章,判断正(T)误(F)。1.Some millionaires have to work hard to
12、 avoid losing the sense of success they have achieved.2.Sixteen years ago,Jason was a poor man depending on charity shops.3.Living the lifestyle of a rich man brought Jason happiness and a sense of success in life.4.Jason gave away all his money to help others and find the true meaning in life.5.Mos
13、t people never feel they have earned enough.答案:TFFTT B.阅读P30-31文章,选出最佳选项。1.What should you do to keep the sense of achieved success?A.Dream up ways of getting rich.B.Become a millionaire quickly.C.Find other forms of success.D.Work hard constantly.2.What does Jason like to do in his spare time at pr
14、esent?A.Work in a small garden.B.Give classes in a college.C.Get things from charity shops.D.Give away things to the homeless.答案:D 答案:A 3.Why did Jason decide to live simply?A.He had nothing but money.B.He felt guilty to be a poor man.C.There were so many poor people.D.Money gave him anything but ha
15、ppiness.答案:C.用所给动词的适当形式填空1.By and by the boy came out,passed Jimmy again,(pretend)not to see him,and went on his way.2.Grandmother went on talking in her polite Virginia way,(not admit)their severe need or her own mistakes.3.(wash)the clothes,they were now ready to eat.4.Unluckily(find)his own figur
16、e in the glass,he made a spring over the tea table.5.Mrs Western was a very good-natured woman,and ordinarily of a(forgive)temper.6.She began counting them,(remark)that they were much slower than the beatings of her heart.pretending not admittingHaving washedfindingforgivingremarking7.(contract)with
17、 them to do the repairs,we cannot withdraw now.8.I hate to hear people(argue),so Ill decide what we do and when we do it.9.Anyone(have)difficulty in assembling the machine is advised to consult our engineers.10.(not have)much money,Mary decided to thumb a ride to New York.Having contractedarguinghav
18、ingNot having重点词汇1.be passionate and determined about what you do对你所做的事要充满激情和决心(P28)【词汇精讲】determined用作形容词,意为“坚定的,坚决的”。He thought of his bird with no seeds and the cake he wanted to buy for his mother,but was determined that he would not tell a lie.他想到自己要给鸟儿买粮食(种子),还要给母亲买蛋糕,但是转念一想,他还是决定不说谎。【词汇拓展】be d
19、etermined to do sth坚决要做某事(状态)determine v.决定,确定;下决心determine sb to do sth使某人决定做某事determine to do sth决定做某事(强调动作,是非延续性动词短语)determine+疑问词+to do sth决心做某事determination n.决心,果断a man of determination有决断力的人There were numerous diving spots in the area and Larry was determined to visit all of them.这个地方有数不清的潜水点
20、,拉里下决心去参观所有这些地方。My experience tells me that it is not what you are given but how you make use of it that determines who you are.我的经验告诉我,决定你是谁的,不是你被给予了什么,而是你如何利用它。With the internet,parents cannot check a published guide to determine what is suitable for their children to see.由于有了互联网,家长们无法通过查阅已出版的指南来决
21、定哪些内容适合孩子们观看。【名师点津】be determined(not)to do sth 表示状态,是一种延续状态,可以与表示一段时间的状语连用,而determine to do sth 表示动作,不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。如:He determined to do it for a long time.()He was determined to do it for a long time.()【微写作】Li Ming is a young man with great determination.He determined to go to Tibet after graduati
22、on.Determined never to come back before he could make a big fortune,he left home without saving a word.李明是一个很有决心的年轻人。他决定毕业后去西藏。他决定在发大财之前绝不再回来,于是一句话也没说就离开了家。mitted and focused 尽心和专注(P28)【词汇精讲】committed用作形容词,意为“坚定的;尽心尽力的”,还可以意为“忠诚的;献身于某种事业的”。He was a strongly committed comrade of the Party.他是一个对党非常忠诚的
23、同志。【词汇拓展】commit v.做出(错的或非法的事);犯(罪或错等)commit a mistake犯错commit crime犯罪commitment n.投入,忠诚,奉献;承诺make a commitment做出承诺A career as an actor requires one hundred percent commitment.演员这一行需要百分之百的投入。Achieving success at this level requires a commitment of time and energy.取得这种水平的成就需要花费时间和精力。She doesnt want to
24、 make a big commitment to Steve at the moment.她不想在此刻对史蒂夫做出重大的承诺。【微写作】There are many people who have a commitment like yours,but they do not believe they have the power to do anything to improve our environment.有很多人和你一样有这样的承诺,但他们不相信他们有能力做任何事情来改善我们的环境。3.Well,being grateful means youre always appreciat
25、ive of what you have and what other people have done for you.嗯,感恩意味着你总是感激你所拥有的和别人为你所做的。(P106)【词汇精讲】在本句中appreciative用作形容词,意为“感激的”,还可以意为“有鉴识力的,有眼力的;赏识的,欣赏的”。The appreciative audience applauded.有欣赏力的观众鼓了掌。I am appreciative of her kindness.我感激她的善意。【词汇拓展】appreciate vt.鉴赏;感激appreciate doing sth欣赏/感激做某事app
26、reciate English poetry欣赏英文诗appreciate good food品尝美食appreciate ones friendship珍视某人的友谊appreciate ones help谢谢某人的帮助appreciation n.评价;鉴赏(力)Several passengers seemed to appreciate what I did.有几位乘客似乎很喜欢我做的一切。I started to appreciate the tough choice she had to make on balancing family and work.我开始感激她为了平衡家庭和
27、工作不得不做出的那个艰难决定。【温馨提示】(1)appreciate后只跟动词-ing形式,不跟不定式,而且不能用人作宾语。如:Thanks for your help.We did appreciate you.(误)Thanks for your help.We did appreciate it.(正)(2)appreciate后跟宾语从句的时候,要在宾语从句的前面加上形式宾语it。有类似用法的动词还有hate、dislike、love、like、depend on等。如:I would appreciate it if you could give me his address.如果你
28、能把他的地址给我,我将感激不尽。I dont like it when you get angry.我不喜欢你生气的时候。【微写作】You made me understand that life is all about appreciation and understanding but must be appreciated first before understanding.你让我明白,生活就是欣赏和理解,但在理解之前必须先欣赏。4.Yes,that makes a lot of sense.是的,这很有道理。(P106)【词汇精讲】在本句中make sense意为“有意义;解释得通
29、”。See,your computer has broken down again!It doesnt make sense to buy the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars.看,你的电脑又坏了!仅仅为了省几美元而买最便宜的牌子的电脑没有意义。【词汇拓展】make sense of弄懂的意思;理解in a sense在某种意义上;在某种程度上in no sense决不theres no/little sense in doing sth做某事没有意义Not until he explained it to me d
30、id I make sense of what he said.直到他向我解释,我才明白他说的话。It was the language that helped shape the way I saw things,expressed ideas,and made sense of the world.是语言帮助塑造了我看事物、表达想法和理解这个世界的方式。5.Despite many injuries in his career,he always remained determined and focused.尽管在他的职业生涯中多次受伤,他始终保持坚定和专注。(P106)【词汇精讲】在本
31、句中injury 用作名词,意为“伤,损害”。She still suffers considerable discomfort from her injury.她因那次受伤至今仍感到极大的不适。The injury to their key player could be a decisive factor in the game.他们的主力队员受伤可能是这场比赛胜负的决定性因素。【词汇拓展】injured adj.受伤的the injured伤员be badly/seriously/severely/slightly injured受伤严重/轻微By now medical staff h
32、ad arrived,and were looking after the injured woman.救护人员这时已经到了,正在照顾这位受伤的女士。【词语辨析】wound、injure、hurt、damage与harm这几个词均可表示“受伤”,但也有区别:(1)wound指枪伤、刀伤、战场上的伤害等。如:He was wounded in the leg in that battle.在那场战役中他的腿受伤了。(2)injure指车祸等意外事故使身体受伤害。如:The old lady was badly injured in the accident.那位老太太在事故中伤得不轻。(3)hu
33、rt是普通用词,常指感情上的伤害。如:What he said hurt my feelings.他所说的话伤害了我的感情。(4)damage指意外事故,如水灾、火灾等带来的损失、损害。如:The car was badly damaged in the accident.汽车在事故中遭到严重破坏。(5)harm常用于口语,表示“对有伤害”,特指伤害一个人或其心情、健康、权利、事业等。如:Smoking harms peoples health.吸烟有害人们的健康。6.In some companies,employees can work from home,or the park or a
34、nywhere they like.在一些公司,员工可以在家里、公园或任何他们喜欢的地方工作。(P107)【词汇精讲】在本句中employee 用作名词,意为“雇员”。This employee was fired for laziness.这名雇员因为懒惰而被解雇。【词汇拓展】employ vt.使用,采用;雇用;使忙于,使从事于n.雇佣,受雇in the employ of.受雇于employed workers在职职工;在岗职工employment n.职业;雇用;使用in employment在工作employment rate就业率;雇用率employer n.雇主More than
35、 3,000 local workers are employed in the tourism industry.超过3 000名本地工人受雇于旅游业。Your time could be usefully employed in attending night classes.你可以有效地利用时间来上夜课。Men and women must be treated equally in education and employment.在教育和就业方面,男性和女性必须被平等对待。【微写作】The employer decided to employ Tom as her secretary
36、 and she hoped to have a talk with her employees before he came to work.老板决定雇用汤姆做她的秘书,她希望在他来上班前和雇员们谈一谈。7.Sixteen years ago,Jason was a college professor with a huge six-bedroom house and a fortune of two million dollars.十六年前,杰森是一名大学教授,他有一幢有六间卧室的大房子,拥有两百万美元的财产。(P30)【词汇精讲】在本句中fortune用作名词,意为“大笔的钱,巨款”,还
37、可以意为“命运;运气”。Everyone is the architect of his own fortune.每个人都是自己命运的创造者。I rate his fortune at$10,000.我估计他有一万美元的财产。Rebuilding the house must have cost the family a large fortune.房子的重建肯定花了这家人一大笔钱。【词汇拓展】be in good/bad fortune运气好/坏have good/bad fortune运气好/坏make a/ones fortune发财致富seek ones fortune找出路try o
38、nes fortune碰运气fortunate adj.幸运的unfortunate adj.不幸的fortunately adv.幸好;幸运的是unfortunately adv.不幸的是These two brothers decided to go to America to try their fortunes.这兄弟俩决定去美国碰碰运气。Unfortunately for him,his parents died when he was still a child.不幸的是,他还是小孩时父母就去世了。8.They didnt have the chance to learn and
39、get on in life.他们没有接受教育和开启新生活的机会。(P31)【词汇精讲】在本句中get on意为“发迹;出人头地”,还可以意为“进行;变老;上车;对付”。In the morning,all the girls in our school got up very early because we couldnt wait to get on the bus.早上我们学校所有的女生起得很早,因为我们迫不及待地想上公交车。【词汇拓展】get on/along well with sth某事进展顺利get on/along well with sb与某人相处融洽get across被
40、理解,使人了解get by勉强度日;勉强及格get down to doing sth静下心来做某事(to是介词)get in收获;把收起来get off下(车、飞机等)get out of逃避;避免get over做完;克服get rid of除掉,摆脱get through接通(电话);完成;通过get together聚会get up起床;起身As an outgoing girl,I get along well with my classmates.我是个性格外向的女孩,与同学们处得很好。They wrote to tell us that they were getting on
41、well with the autumn harvest.他们来信告诉我们,他们的秋收工作进展得很顺利。I cannot think how they will get through the time.我不能想象,这段时间他们将怎样度过。9.This worried me a lot and I felt very guilty being a rich man without doing anything.这让我很担心,我感到很内疚,作为一个富人,我什么都没做。(P31)【词汇精讲】在本句中guilty用作形容词,意为“内疚的,羞愧的”,还可以意为“有罪的”。He had no sense
42、 of shame and never felt guilty.他毫无羞耻之心,因此从不觉得内疚。【词汇拓展】be guilty of犯有罪行be/feel guilty about对感到愧疚have a guilty conscience问心有愧;做贼心虚guilt n.罪行;内疚a sense of guilt负罪感;内疚感He doesnt feel guilty about asking his staff to work at weekends.他没有因为要求他的员工周末工作而感到内疚。The court determined that the man was guilty of d
43、runken driving.法官判决那个人酒后驾车罪成立。We now have the absolute proof of his guilt.我们现在有他犯罪的确凿证据。10.Most people believe when they are living comfortably and earning enough money,they will have no worries.大多数人相信,当他们生活舒适,收入不菲,他们就会没有烦恼。(P31)【词汇精讲】在本句中comfortably 用作副词,意为“舒服地,舒适地”,还可以意为“容易地;充裕地”。All the rooms wer
44、e comfortably furnished.所有的房间都配置了舒适的家具。He can comfortably afford the extra expense.他支付这些额外的费用毫无问题。They are comfortably ahead in the opinion polls.他们在民意测验中遥遥领先。【词汇拓展】comfort vt.安慰;慰问;使安逸/舒适n.安慰;慰问;安逸,舒适comfort sb安慰某人comfort.with.以安慰;使舒适be a comfort to sb对某人来说是个安慰(抽象名词具体化)in comfort舒服地take/have/draw c
45、omfort from.从中得到慰藉give sb comfort=give comfort to sb安慰某人(=comfort sb)comfortable adj.舒适的,(人)安逸的be comfortable about/with sth对某事感到轻松/惬意make oneself comfortable请随意,不用拘束;让自己舒服uncomfortable adj.不舒服的,不安逸的discomfort n.不舒服;不安uncomfortably adv.不舒适地He comforted himself with the thought she had died in the mo
46、st beautiful part of the country.他安慰自己,认为她死在了这个国家最美丽的地方。A teenager can write and make music using a computer programme in the comfort of their own bedroom.青少年可以在自己很舒服的卧室里使用电脑程序作曲和创作音乐。【微写作】These new shoes are not very comfortable though they are designed for comfort.这些新鞋虽然是为舒适而设计的,但并不很舒服。11.Jason Ha
47、rley decided to drop out of this kind of lifestyle,and he discovered that having only a little money made him free.詹森哈利决定放弃这种生活方式,他发现只拥有少量金钱使他获得了自由。(P31)【词汇精讲】在本句中drop out意为“退出,脱离;辍学”。My friend David fell down near the finishing line and injured his right leg.As a consequence,he had to drop out.我的朋友
48、戴维在接近终点线时摔倒了,伤了右腿。结果,他只好退赛。【词汇拓展】drop out of退出drop back/behind后退;落后;落在后面drop off打盹;小睡;减少;下降;中途下客或卸货drop in on sb顺便拜访某人drop in/by顺便拜访drop in at somewhere顺便到访某地drop sb a line/note寄,送,写(信)Buses have routes.They pick up and drop off people at different stops on the route.巴士有路线。人们在沿途不同的站点上下车。【名师点津】drop o
49、ut是不及物动词词组,意为“退出,辍学”,如需加宾语,则加介词of。如:Why did you drop out in the middle of the marathon?为什么你在马拉松赛跑中途退出?She dropped out of school to become a waitress.她辍学去当女服务员。重点句式1.He was tired of being regarded as living a successful life,as a person who had everything while many people had nothing.他厌倦了被认为过着成功的生活,
50、被认为是一个拥有一切的人,而很多人却一无所有。(P31)【句式剖析】这是一个主从复合句。句中who引导一个定语从句。while表示对比或转折,意为“而,然而”。此时,while一般位于句中。The physical appearance makes a good impression on others while the inner beauty will be remembered forever.外表(的美)能给人留下美好的印象,而内在的美会使人永远记住。Her singing was full of feelings;the first part of the song was fil
