1、Book 8 unit 5 Meeting your ancestors全单元单词课件完整版1.indentify vt.确认,识别,鉴别identify sb/sth as sb/sth.确认某人/某物系某人/某物identify sth with sth认为某物与某物等同You should not identify wealth with happiness.你不应该认为财富就等于幸福。She was able to identify her attacker.她认出了袭击她的人。identification n.鉴定,辨认,确定身份,证明identification card身份证.i
2、dentifiable adj.可辨认的identifier n.鉴定人,检验人identical adj.相同的be identical to/with与一模一样的2.alternative n.可能的选择adj.供选择的,其他的have no alternative but to do sth别无选择只好做某事=have no choice but to do sth.=have no option but to do sth.=have nothing to do but do sth.an alternative to是的替代品Do you have an alternative so
3、lution to the problem?alternative强调只有在两种可能性或行为方式时作出选择,choice泛指从一组人或物中的自由选择.selection指从许多人或物种择优选拔alternate vt.轮流,交替alternation n.轮流,交替3.archaeology=archeology(美)n.考古学archaeological adj.考古学的=archeological archaeologist n.考古学家=archeologist4.starvation n.挨饿,饿死die of starvation饿死starve v.饿死,渴望starve to d
4、o sth.想要做某事starve for sth.渴求/需要某物starve to death饿死starve sb into doing sth.断绝食物或资金来源以迫使某人做某事5.tentative adj.试探性的，不确定的,犹豫的a tentative suggestion 试探性建议We made a tentative arrangement to meet again next Sunday.tentatively adv.试探性地tentativeness n.试探性,不确定6.accuracy n.准确,精确accurate adj.准确的，正确无误的an accurat
5、e diagnosis 准确的诊断accurately adv.准确地7.excavate vt.挖掘,发掘excavate a tunnel挖掘隧道excavation n.挖掘,发掘8.interrupt vt.打断,打岔,暂时中断或终止I hope Im not interrupting you.interruption n.中断,打断,打岔without interruption 连续,不间断地9.acute adj.有观察力的，敏锐的,严重的,深刻的There is an acute shortage of water.水严重短缺 acute appendicitis 急性阑尾炎 D
6、ogs have an acute sense of smell.狗的嗅觉灵敏。Her judgement is acute.她的判断敏锐。acutely adv.剧烈地,尖锐地cute adj.可爱的；漂亮的；聪明的，伶俐的 10.assume vt.假定,设想,承担assume sth.设想某事，承担某事assume sb/sth to be.认为是lets assume that我们假定assume responsibility承担责任It is generally assumed that人们普遍认为He is not such a fool as you assumed him to
7、 be.Assuming it rains tomorrow,what shall we do?Assuming it to be true,what should we do now?assumption n.假定,假设make an assumption/assumptions about对臆断on the assumption that在假定的情况下There is an assumption that有人臆断11.regardless adv.不管,不顾regardless of 不管,不顾The club welcomes all new members regardless of
8、age.regardless of the fact that不顾事实regard vt.看待,将视作n.关心,敬意,with/in regard to sth=as regards sth关于in this/every regard在这/各个方面regard as 把当做Regard each failure as a stimulus to further efforts.把每次失利看成对进一步努力的激励。Give your brother my regards when you see him.看到你哥哥时，代我向他问好。12.mat n.席子,垫子13 quilt n.被子,棉被qui
9、t vt.离开(工作职位、学校等);离任;停止;戒掉;迁出，搬离(住处)14.beast n.野兽15.at most至多，最多，也可以写成at the mostShe is at most 25 years old.at least至少,起码You should wait at least 20 minutes.not the least/not in the least一点也不It doesnt matter in the least if you are a bit late.16.centimetre=centimeter n.厘米decimeter n.分米meter n.米mill
10、imeter n.毫米17.sharpen vt.使锋利，使尖锐，使清晰Tom sharpened three pencils.sharpener n.磨具,削具sharp adj.急剧的；锋利的；强烈的；敏捷的；刺耳的,整点的Its one oclock sharp.现在一点整18.cut up切碎,使伤心难过The cook cut up the meat for the pie.cut into pieces 切成碎片cut into halves将切成两半cut in插嘴,打断,超车,抢道cut down砍倒,缩小,削减cut off中断,截断,切掉,割掉cut out切去,剪去,删去
11、cut across抄近路穿过,横越cut away剪去,切掉,砍掉cut through刺穿；抄近路走过 19.scrape vt.擦净，削平，磨光scrape ones chain刮脸scrape out a word擦掉一个字scraper n.刮刀,刮削器20.ample adj.充足的，足够的，富裕的I have ample evidence to prove it.amply adv.充裕地,充足地ampleness n.充足,充裕21.messy adj.凌乱的,脏的a messy room 凌乱的房间a messy job脏活mess n.凌乱状态,脏乱状态v.弄脏,弄糟mak
12、e a mess of把弄糟mess up搞乱,弄糟22.primitive adj.原始的，远古的，简陋的primitive men原始人primitive societies原始社会primitive weapons简陋的武器23.bead n.小珠子,滴24.botany n.植物学botanist n.植物学家botanical adj.植物学的,与植物学有关的zoology n.动物学zoological adj.动物学的25.analysis n.分析,(复数形式是analyses)analyse/analyze vt.分析,解析analyst n.分析者,化验员analytic
13、adj.分析的,分解的=analyticalanalyze the causes of success and failure分析成败的原因26.seashell n.海贝壳27.ripen vt.成熟ripe adj.成熟的,有经验的,老练的ripe apples熟苹果a ripe worker有经验的人28.category n.种类,类别,范畴The results can be divided into three main categories.结果可分为三大类。categorize vt把分类,按范畴划分29.significance n.意义,意思,重要性,重要意义the sig
14、nificance of 的重要意义/重要性be of great significance有重大意义be of little significance 不太重要What is the significance of this speech?significant adj.重大的，重要的，显著的It is significant that 很明显的是significantly adv.有重大意义地,显著地,30.somehow adv.以某种方式,不知怎么地You will grow up somehow.somewhat adv.有一些,稍微,somewhere adv.在某处anyhow
15、adv.无论如何,不管怎样,用任何方式31.systematic adj.系统的,有规划的,有条理的system n.系统,制度,体制systematize vt使系统化32.spit vt.吐出vi吐痰(spat,spit;spat,spit)She took a mouthful of food and then suddenly spat it out.她吃了一口食物，突然又吐了出来。32.delete vt.删除Your name has been deleted from the list.你的名字已从名单上删掉。deletion n.删除He made several deleti
16、ons to the manuscript.他在原稿上删去了好几处。33.album n.相册,集邮册,唱片 a photo album 相册 the bands latest album 这个乐队的最新专辑 debut album 首张专辑；处女专辑 stamp album n.集邮册 34.scratch n.（刮，抓，划的）痕迹，搔，挠 vt.搔,抓,擦伤,刮坏Try not to scratch.尽量别挠。John yawned and scratched his chin.约翰打个哈欠，挠挠下巴。start from scratch 从头开始；白手起家；从起跑线开始 up to sc
17、ratch达到标准35.academy n.学院,学会,学术团体,院校academician n.院士,学会会员academicism n.学院式,学院主义,艺术院的作风academic adj.学校的，学术的学院的36.receptionist n.接待员,招待员reception n.接待.接见.招待会，欢迎会,接受,接纳,接待室reception banquet 接待宴会reception desk 服务台;前台;接待处;接待台receptible adj.能接受的receive v.收到,接待36.onion n.洋葱37.kindergarten n.幼儿园38.skateboard
18、 n.滑板39.fed up with受够了，饱受,厌烦She was fed up with her lazy son.be fed up with=be tired of厌烦feed sb/sth on sth以为食feed on(多用于动物)以为食live on(多用于人)以为食Cows mainly feed on grass.40.yogurt n.酸奶,酸乳酪41.radioactive adj.放射性的,有辐射的radioactivity n.放射性42.division n.分割，划分，分配，分界线divide vt.划分,分割,除,The cells began to div
19、ide rapidly.细胞迅速分裂。divide into分成A sentence can be divided up into meaningful segments.一个句子可以划分成有意义的各个部分。30 divided by 6 is 5.30除以6等于5。31.BC=Before Christ公元前 AD=Anno Domini公元32.melon n.(各种)瓜 watermelon n.西瓜33.wrinkle n.皱纹34.pulse vi.强烈而有规律的跳动,搏动n.脉搏,节拍35.vein n.血管,静脉36.applaud v.鼓掌欢迎,赞赏applaud sb./st
20、h for sth因某事而赞赏某人/某物The audience applauded the performer for their wonderful performance.applaud ones decision赞成某人决定applause n.欢呼,喝彩,掌声win the applause of赢得掌声break into applause爆发出喝彩声37.look ahead向前看,为将来打算The designers should look ahead.Looking ahead,I think the company needs to develop some service
21、s.look down upon/on轻视,看不起look up to尊敬,敬仰look around/round环顾look forward盼望,期望look on旁观,认为(as)look into调查,研究look after照顾照料look up查阅,仰视 look up and down上下打量look through浏览,温习look forward to期待,盼望look back on回忆,回顾 look out留神,注意look over复习,快速浏览38.howl vt.嚎叫,叫喊,吼叫n.长嚎,嚎叫We howled with laughter.我们放声大笑。They l
22、istened to the howl of the wind through the trees.他们听着风在林间呼啸的声音。let out a howl of anguish 发出痛苦的喊叫声 39.accelerate vt&vi.加速,促进Inflation continues to accelerate.通货膨胀不断加速。Exposure to the sun can accelerate the ageing process.暴露在日光下会加快老化过程。The car accelerated to overtake me.acceleration n.加速,加快accelerato
23、r n.加速装置,油门40.spear n.矛,枪41.arrest vt.逮捕,吸引n.逮捕,拘留arrest sb for sth.因某事而逮捕某人arrest ones attention=attract/draw/catch ones attention吸引老人注意力get arrested被逮捕under arrest在关押中make an arrest 进行逮捕The headmaster of the school got arrested the other day and was still under arrest,which arrested the attention
24、of the public.42.dizzy adj.眩晕的,昏乱的,使人发晕或困惑的Climbing so high made me feel dizzy.爬那么高使我感到头晕目眩。dizziness n.n.头晕；头昏眼花 43.eyebrow n.眉毛44.cheekbone n.颧骨45.arrowhead n.箭头46.axe n.斧,斧子47.hammer n.锤子,铁锤48.gay adj.快乐的,欢快的n.男同性恋者 gay laughter欢快的笑声gay marriage同性恋婚姻the lesbian and gay community 男女同性恋者群落 gaily ad
25、v.快乐地,轻松地49.skillful adj.有技巧的，熟练的(指人聪明，做事很灵巧,尤其指手巧)skillfully adv.熟练地She is quite skillful at dealing with difficult customers.skill n.技术,技能,技巧skilled adj.熟练的,有技能的(受过正规训练，有多年实践经验)50.date back to追溯到,始于=date from没有被动语态,做谓语动词常用一般现在时My interest in stamp collecting dates from/dates back to my schooldays.
26、Our friendship dates from our childhood.date back后面接一段时间date back to后面接具体的时间点The story dates back to 1173.The church dates back 400 years.51.punctuation n.标点符号Use proper grammar,punctuation,and spelling.punctuate vt.加标点,强调突出,不时打断Her speech was punctuated by bursts of applause.她的讲演不时被阵阵掌声打断。The pupil
27、s have not yet learned to punctuate correctly.小学生尚未学会正确使用标点符号。52.worship vt&vi.崇拜敬奉（）n.崇拜,敬神 worshiped或-shipped过去分词 worshiped或-shipped现在分词 worshiping或 shipping第三人称单数 worships She had worshipped him for years.她爱慕他已有好多年了。disputes over ways of life and ways of worshipping God.一些在生活方式和敬奉上帝方式上的争论。the worship of the ancient Roman gods.对古罗马众神的敬奉。worshiper n.参加礼拜者 ，崇拜者53.craftsmanship n.技艺，手艺，精工细作craftsman n.工匠,手艺人,技工craft n.工艺；手艺；太空船vt.精巧地制作aircraft n.飞机,航空器aircraft carrier 航空母舰 space craft宇宙飞船
