1、状语从句状语从句2022-11-7举例：Jim joined the army in 1989.Jim joined the army when he was 20.He picked up some French words in Paris.He picked up some French words when he was in Paris.I will help you if you ask me.He wears a T-shirt though it is cold.1.1.定义：定义：在主从复合句中，用于修饰主句中在主从复合句中，用于修饰主句中动词、形容词动词、形容词或副词或副词
2、的句子，叫状语从句。的句子，叫状语从句。2.2.类型：状语从句按其在句中的作用分为：类型：状语从句按其在句中的作用分为：时间、地点、原时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、让步、比较因、目的、结果、条件、方式、让步、比较状语从句九类。状语从句九类。3.3.位置：由从属连词引导，可位于主句前，亦可位于主句后。位置：由从属连词引导，可位于主句前，亦可位于主句后。位于句首时，用逗号与其后的主句隔开。位于句首时，用逗号与其后的主句隔开。语法导学语法导学状语从句状语从句1 1、时间状语从句、时间状语从句2 2、地点状语从句、地点状语从句3 3、原因状语从句、原因状语从句4 4、目的状语从句、目的状语
3、从句5 5、结果状语从句、结果状语从句6 6、条件状语从句、条件状语从句7 7、让步状语从句、让步状语从句状语从句状语从句【精讲精讲】语法导学语法导学状语从句状语从句【时间状语从句时间状语从句】1.1.时间状语从句：时间状语从句：1 1）由）由when引导。引导。when指的是指的是“某一具体的时间某一具体的时间”。如：如：When I came into the room,he was writing a letter.We shall go there when we are free.语法导学语法导学状语从句状语从句【时间状语从句时间状语从句】1.1.时间状语从句：时间状语从句：2 2）
4、由）由while，as 引导。引导。while指指“在某一段时间里在某一段时间里”，“在在期间期间”，while引导的动引导的动作必须是持续性的。作必须是持续性的。as引导持续性动作，强调主句和从句的动作同时发生，从句引导持续性动作，强调主句和从句的动作同时发生，从句常译作常译作“一边一边一边一边”。如：如：While it was raining,they went out.He hurried home,looking behind as he went.语法导学语法导学状语从句状语从句【时间状语从句时间状语从句】when，while，as 的区别。的区别。（1）when，while，as
5、引导的从句都可以使用延续性动词。引导的从句都可以使用延续性动词。when，as都可以与都可以与非延续性动词非延续性动词连用，而连用，而while则不能。则不能。（2）when可表示可表示瞬间瞬间，也可表示，也可表示时间段时间段，与主句所陈述的，与主句所陈述的动作，事情可同时发生，也可有先后。动作，事情可同时发生，也可有先后。while常用于连接同时进行的常用于连接同时进行的两个延续性动词两个延续性动词相伴随而发生的相伴随而发生的动作。动作。as不指先后不指先后，尤指两个动作或事件同时发生。，尤指两个动作或事件同时发生。如：如：The film had been on when we arriv
6、ed.My mother was cooking while I was doing my homework.As I left the house,I forget the key.语法导学语法导学状语从句状语从句【时间状语从句时间状语从句】1.1.时间状语从句：时间状语从句：3 3）由）由before，after 引导。引导。before表示在表示在之前。之前。after译为译为“在在之后之后”。如：如：Be a pupil before you become a teacher.He arrived after the game started.语法导学语法导学状语从句状语从句【时间状语
7、从句时间状语从句】1.1.时间状语从句：时间状语从句：4 4）由）由till，until 引导。引导。till 表示主句动词是持续性动作，常用肯定式，表示表示主句动词是持续性动作，常用肯定式，表示“直到直到为止为止”。亦可。亦可用用until替换。替换。until 表示主句动词是非延续性动词，常用否定式，表示表示主句动词是非延续性动词，常用否定式，表示“直到直到才才”“”“在在以前不以前不”,从句放在句首表示强调。从句放在句首表示强调。如：如：We waited till(until)he came back.She didnt stop working until eleven oclock
8、.语法导学语法导学状语从句状语从句【时间状语从句时间状语从句】1.1.时间状语从句：时间状语从句：5 5）由）由since,as soon as 引导。引导。状语从句在主句之前时一般用逗号与主句分开，如从句在主句状语从句在主句之前时一般用逗号与主句分开，如从句在主句之后则不必用标点符号。之后则不必用标点符号。如：如：Great changes have taken place in China since 1978.语法导学语法导学状语从句状语从句【原因状语从句原因状语从句】3.3.原因原因状语从句：状语从句：1 1）由）由because引导。引导。because用来回答用来回答why 的问题
9、，语气最强，一般放的问题，语气最强，一般放在主句之后。在主句之后。如：如：I came back late yesterday because I was on duty.语法导学语法导学状语从句状语从句【原因状语从句原因状语从句】3.3.原因原因状语从句：状语从句：2 2）由）由since，as引导。引导。since表示表示既然或已知既然或已知的理由，稍加分析即可表明的原因的理由，稍加分析即可表明的原因,多放句多放句首。首。原因状语从句常放在句首原因状语从句常放在句首,说明原因说明原因,主句说明结果主句说明结果,常用于常用于口语中。口语中。如：如：Since everyone is here
10、,lets begin our meeting.语法导学语法导学状语从句状语从句【目的状语从句目的状语从句】4.4.目的目的状语从句：状语从句：由由so that,in order that引导。引导。目的状语从句中常用情态动词目的状语从句中常用情态动词may(might),can(could),should 等放在动词之前，从句往往放在等放在动词之前，从句往往放在主句之后主句之后,主从句之间不用任何标点符号。主从句之间不用任何标点符号。如：如：I shall write down your telephone number so that I may not forget it.语法导学语法
11、导学状语从句状语从句【结果状语从句结果状语从句】5.5.结果结果状语从句：状语从句：1 1）由）由so that，sothat引导。引导。so that前有逗号为结果状语从句。前有逗号为结果状语从句。sothat的的soso后后面跟形容词或副词。面跟形容词或副词。如：如：We turned up the radio,so that everyone heard the news.语法导学语法导学状语从句状语从句【结果状语从句结果状语从句】5.5.结果结果状语从句：状语从句：2 2）由）由suchthat引导。引导。suchthat的的such后面跟名词，如果名词是单数后面跟名词，如果名词是单数
12、就要用就要用such a/anthat,还可以转换用还可以转换用sothat，语气较强。语气较强。如：如：It is such an interesting novel that all of us want to read it.=It is so interesting a novel that all of us want to read it.语法导学语法导学状语从句状语从句【结果状语从句结果状语从句】so.that与与suchthat的区别。的区别。注意：当名词前面有注意：当名词前面有many,much,little(少少),few修饰时，修饰时，用用so而不用而不用such。We
13、have so much time that we can finish the work very well.so+形容词或副词形容词或副词+thatsuch+a/an+形容词形容词+单数名词单数名词+thatsuch+形容词形容词+复数名词复数名词+thatsuch+形容词形容词+不可数名词不可数名词+thatso+形容词形容词+a/an+单数名词单数名词+that语法导学语法导学状语从句状语从句【条件状语从句条件状语从句】6.条件条件状语从句：状语从句：由由if，unless，as/so long as引导。引导。unless从句的谓语只能用肯定式。从句的谓语只能用肯定式。unless和
14、和ifnot同义，同义，unless是书面语，是书面语，ifnot是口语，通常二者可以换用。是口语，通常二者可以换用。条件状语从句中的谓语动词的时态一般要用条件状语从句中的谓语动词的时态一般要用现在时或过去时代现在时或过去时代替一般将来时或过去将来时替一般将来时或过去将来时。如：如：We shall go there tomorrow unless it rains.=We shall go there tomorrow if it doesnt rain.语法导学语法导学状语从句状语从句【让步状语从句让步状语从句】7.让步让步状语从句：状语从句：1）由）由though，although引导。
15、引导。在句子中一般用了在句子中一般用了“虽然虽然”就不能再用就不能再用“但是但是”（but），但），但可以与可以与yet或或still连用。连用。though/although意义相同，用法基本意义相同，用法基本一样，前者通俗，口语化，后者正式，多放主句的前面。一样，前者通俗，口语化，后者正式，多放主句的前面。如：如：Although(Though)he was over sixty,(yet)he began to learn French.语法导学语法导学状语从句状语从句【让步状语从句让步状语从句】7.让步让步状语从句：状语从句：2）由）由even if，even though引导。引导。
16、even if 和和even though的意思为的意思为“即使即使”“”“纵使纵使”有退一步设想有退一步设想的意味的意味,多用于书面语中。多用于书面语中。如：如：Ill go even if(though)it rains tomorrow.语法导学语法导学状语从句状语从句【让步状语从句让步状语从句】7.让步让步状语从句：状语从句：3）由）由as引导。引导。as引出的状语从句多用于书面语，它比用引出的状语从句多用于书面语，它比用though或或although引引导的从句语气强，更有表现力，从句常放在句首，语序部分倒导的从句语气强，更有表现力，从句常放在句首，语序部分倒装。装。如：如：Chi
17、ld as he is,he knows a lot.=Though/Although he is a child,he knows a lot.语法导学语法导学状语从句状语从句【当堂检测】【当堂检测】1 The meeting didnt start_ everyone was there.A.because B.until C.why D.if2 The boy _ to bed _ his mother came in.A.went not;until B.didnt go;after C.went;until D.didnt go;until3 I wont believe you_
18、I have seen it with my own eyes.A.before B.until C.after D.when4 He _ home _ she was satisfied _ his answer yesterday.A.didnt go;until;with B.wasnt go;after;toC.doesnt go;before;with D.didnt go;until;to语法导学语法导学状语从句状语从句1 The meeting didnt start_ everyone was there.A.because B.until C.why D.if2 The bo
19、y _ to bed _ his mother came in.A.went not;until B.didnt go;after C.went;until D.didnt go;until3 I wont believe you_ I have seen it with my own eyes.A.before B.until C.after D.when4 He _ home _ she was satisfied _ his answer yesterday.A.didnt go;until;with B.wasnt go;after;toC.doesnt go;before;with
20、D.didnt go;until;to语法导学语法导学状语从句状语从句5 He _ back until the work _ done.A.isnt;will be B.isnt;is C.wont be;will be D.wont be;is6 They didnt start the work _ their teacher came back.A.until B.while C.as soon as D.if7.Tom will call me as soon as he _ Shanghai.A.arrives B.will reach C.arrives in D.get to8
21、.Im sure hell come to see me before he _ Beijing.A.will leave B.is leaving C.leave D.leaves9.I will tell him the news as soon as he_ back.A.come B.comes C.will come D.came语法导学语法导学状语从句状语从句5 He _ back until the work _ done.A.isnt;will be B.isnt;is C.wont be;will be D.wont be;is6 They didnt start the w
22、ork _ their teacher came back.A.until B.while C.as soon as D.if7.Tom will call me as soon as he _ Shanghai.A.arrives B.will reach C.arrives in D.get to8.Im sure hell come to see me before he _ Beijing.A.will leave B.is leaving C.leave D.leaves9.I will tell him the news as soon as he_ back.A.come B.c
23、omes C.will come D.came语法导学语法导学状语从句状语从句10.Tom has got a watch.He _ it for two years.It _ by his father.A.has bought;was bought B.has got;is bought C.was bought;has bought D.has had;was bought 11.When he got to the station,the train _.A.left B.had left C.leaves D.has left12.The boy told his father wh
24、at he _ in the street.A.saw B.have seen C.had seen D.see语法导学语法导学状语从句状语从句10.Tom has got a watch.He _ it for two years.It _ by his father.A.has bought;was bought B.has got;is bought C.was bought;has bought D.has had;was bought 11.When he got to the station,the train _.A.left B.had left C.leaves D.has
25、left12.The boy told his father what he _ in the street.A.saw B.have seen C.had seen D.see语法导学语法导学状语从句状语从句13.We _ TV when the telephone _.A.watched;was ringing B.were watching;rang C.watch;rings D.are watching;rang14.By the end of last term,I_ ten books.A.had finished reading B.have finish reading C.
26、had finish to read D.finish read15.I _ you for a long time.Where _ you _?A.didnt see;did;go B.didnt see;have;goneC.havent seen;have;been D.havent seen;have;gone语法导学语法导学状语从句状语从句13.We _ TV when the telephone _.A.watched;was ringing B.were watching;rang C.watch;rings D.are watching;rang14.By the end of last term,I_ ten books.A.had finished reading B.have finish reading C.had finish to read D.finish read15.I _ you for a long time.Where _ you _?A.didnt see;did;go B.didnt see;have;goneC.havent seen;have;been D.havent seen;have;goneThank you！
