1、新概念二 Lesson 20 One man in a boat独坐孤舟独坐孤舟 Fishing is my favourite sport.I often fish for hours without catching anything.But this does not worry me.Some fishermen are unlucky.Instead of catching fish,they catch old boots and rubbish.I am even less lucky.I never catch anything-not even old boots.After
2、 having spent whole mornings on the river,I always go home with an empty bag.You must give up fishing!my friends say.Its a waste of time.But they dont realize one important thing.Im not really interested in fishing.I am only interested in sitting in a boat and doing nothing at all!New words and expr
3、essions 生词和短语 catch v.抓到fisherman n.钓鱼人,渔民boot n.靴子waste n.浪费realize v.意识到 New words and expressions提别喜爱的抓到钓鱼人,渔民 靴子浪费意识到垃圾（不可数）catch v.抓到抓到catch fish,catch thiefcatch cold:染上感冒染上感冒catch a bus:赶车赶车catch ones breath:摒住呼吸摒住呼吸catch sight of=see:看见看见catch fire:着火着火catch ones eyes:吸引某人注意力吸引某人注意力 vt.捉住，逮住
4、，捕获捉住，逮住，捕获 The police have caught the thief.vt.抓住，握住抓住，握住Can you catch the ball?vt.及时赶到，赶上及时赶到，赶上catch a bus 赶车赶车 catch的一些固定用法的一些固定用法 catch a cold 染上感冒染上感冒catch ones breath 摒住呼吸摒住呼吸 catch sight of=see 看见看见catch fire 着火着火 catch ones eyes 吸引某人注意力吸引某人注意力 boot n.靴子靴子 a pair of boots 一双靴子一双靴子 waste n.浪费
5、浪费 n.浪费浪费 a waste of 浪费浪费 It is a waste of time/money/food/water.vt.浪费浪费You are wasting time.realize v.意识到（无被动，物进行，人做主语）意识到（无被动，物进行，人做主语）realize ones mistake(be aware of)She realized that he was lying.They dont realize one important thing.实现（计划等）既可主动也可被动实现（计划等）既可主动也可被动He realized his dream at last.H
6、is dream was realized at last.Come true 成为现实（物作主语，无）被动成为现实（物作主语，无）被动His dream has come true.Notes on the textNotes on the text Fishing is my favourite sport.fishing动名词，可以作主语或宾语动名词，可以作主语或宾语 fish n.鱼鱼(不可数名词不可数名词)，鱼的种类，鱼的种类(可数可数)There are a lot of fishes(表示种类表示种类)in the sea.v.钓鱼钓鱼,捕鱼捕鱼 I often fish for
7、 hours without catching anything.for+时间 表示一段时间for hours=for some hours 数小时 without catching anything作为状语而出现,表示结果状语。without是介词，后面一定要加宾语,动名词catching作without的宾语，without 后面的动作是主语来做的。动名词也有动词的特性，可以有自己的宾语。I cant repair the car without your help.They tried to leave the restaurant without paying.But this doe
8、s not worry me.worry v.使烦恼，使担扰使烦恼，使担扰 worry sb.某人为某人为烦恼，担扰烦恼，担扰(作动词一定要加人作作动词一定要加人作宾语宾语,翻译时从后往前翻，宾语担心翻译时从后往前翻，宾语担心)The house worried me./My daughter worried me.adj.担心担心be worried about 为为担心担心 Instead of catching fish,they catch old boots and rubbish.instead of 我原准备做但是后来做了(instead of 后面的词一定是没有做的,可以放在主
9、句后面)without强调没有做某件事,instead of 强调这件事没做成而做成了另外一件事 副词instead“作为替代，反而”，单独使用时一般出现在句尾If you dont want a holiday in England,why dont you go to Australia instead?I am even less lucky.less是little的比较级，意为“不及，不如，更少”I spend less time on English than on French.less+原形 A is lessthan B A不如B After having spent whol
10、e mornings on the river,I always go home with an empty bag.spend+时间+在某地 在某地度过时间 after+从句 在之后 after+名词/动词的ing形式 之后(从句主语必须是主句的主语时两种形式可互换)After I go to school,I learned a lot of knowledge.(用一般式表示一个事实,不用“went to”)After going to school,I learned a lot of knowledge.介词after的宾语的动名词having spent所表示的动作发生在谓语动词g
11、o之前，所以用完成形式。with an empty bag注意连读 with sth.有的，持有的，随身带着(状语)Whos the man with the beard?without sth.没带 I always go home without anything.什么都没带回家 You must give up fishing!my friends say.give up doing sth.=stop doing sth.放弃做某事 quit Its a waste of time.a waste of 浪费浪费 It is a waste of time/money/food/wat
12、er.But they dont realize one important thing.realize=notice=be aware of Important more important most important 原级 比较级 最高级 Im not really interested in fishing.be intersted in sth./doing sth.对感兴趣 Interesting VS.Interested be interested in 对.感兴趣 .is interesting .令人感兴趣的.be excited about 对.感到兴奋 .is exci
13、ting .令人感到兴奋的.I am only interested in sitting in a boat and doing nothing at all!【Key structures】关键句型 细读下面的例句,特别注意用斜体印出的以-ing结尾的词.a 动名词作主语1.Eating is always a pleasure.吃总是一件愉快的事情.2.Watching television is my favourite pastime.看电视是我最喜爱的业馀爱好.3.Reading in bed is something I always enjoy.我总喜欢躺在床上看书 b 动名词
14、作宾语1.I am very keen on cycling.我非常喜欢骑自行车.2.She is afraid of staying in that house alone.她害怕单独住在那间屋子里.3.He is capable of doing anything.他能胜任任何事情.用动名词将两个短句连到一起用动名词将两个短句连到一起.E.g.1.He sat there.He did not say anything.他坐在那儿,他什么话也不说.He sat there without saying anything.他默默无语地坐在那里.2.He turned off the radi
15、o.He left the room.他关掉了收音机,他离开了房间.Before leaving the room,he turned off the radio.离开房间之前,他关掉了收音机.1.He looked at his watch.He hurried to the station.他看了一下手表.他匆忙赶到火车站.After looking at his watch,he hurried to the station.他看了一下手表之后,就匆忙赶往火车站.Or:After having looked at his watch,he hurried to the station.2
16、.I must apologize.I interrupted you.我得表示道歉.我打断了你的说话(工作).I must apologize for interrupting you.由于打断了你的说话(工作),我得表示道歉.Or:I must apologize for having interrupted you.3.I must apologize.I did not let you know earlier.我得表示道歉.我没有早一点让你知道.I must apologize for not letting you know earlier.由于没有早点让你知道,我得表示道歉.Or
17、:I must apologize for not having let you know earlier.4.He congratulated me.I won the competition.他向我道贺.我赢得了这次比赛.He congratulated me on winning the competition.在我赢得这次比赛之际,他向我祝贺.Or:He congratulated me on having won the competition.C.-ing 分词分句可在句中作状语,表示多种意义.1.时间状语:Climbing to the tower,we saw a magnif
18、icant view.while flying over the channel,he saw a ship sinking.2.原因状语:Being a hard-working young man,he is praised by all his fellow workers.Having worked hard all day,I was ready for bed by eight oclock.3.条件状语 A large meteor(流星)hitting the moon(=if it hits the moon)would melt the surface rock by th
19、e force of collision.You will make yourself more tired,keeping on your feet(=if you keep on your feet).4.让步状语:Knowing all this,they still insisted on my paying for the damage.Many boys,having had few advantages in their youth,have nevertheless done great things for their country.5.结果状语 He spread a r
20、umor that the president was going to resign,leading to a great confusion in that country.It rained heavily,causing severe flooding in that area.6.伴随状语 He ran up to her,breathing heavily.The old man was fast asleep,holding a book in his hand.只接动名词（ving）作宾语的动词及固定结构：,appreciate,delay,escape,imagine,ris
21、k,excuse,avoid,complete,permit,prove等。Put off,give off,be used to,waste time(in),what/how about,have a good time in,devote to,pay attention to,stick to,insist on.只接不定式（to do）的动词，如：afford，agree，claim，choose，demand，desire，determine，be determined，offer，plan，prepare，pretend，promise，seek，resolve（决心），thre
22、aten，wish，arrange，undertake（答应），volunteer（志愿），etc.help do help to do stop to do stop doing rememberforget to dodoing begin to do begin doing start to do start doing Fishing is my favourite sport.I often fish for hours without _1_(catch)anything._2_ this does not worry me.Some fishermen are unlucky.I
23、nstead of _3_(catch)fish,they _4_(catch)old boots and rubbish.I am even _lucky.I never catch anything-not even old boots.After_5_(spent)whole mornings on the river,I always go home _6_an empty bag.You must give up_7_(fish)!my friends say.Its _8_waste of time.But they dont realize one important thing
24、.Im not really _9_(interested/interesting)in fishing.I am only interested in _10_(sit)in a boat and _11_(do)nothing at all!Fishing is my favourite sport.I often fish for hours without catching anything.But this does not worry me.Some fishermen are unlucky.Instead of catching fish,they catch old boot
25、s and rubbish.I am even less lucky.I never catch anything-not even old boots.After having spent whole mornings on the river,I always go home with an empty bag.You must give up fishing!my friends say.Its a waste of time.But they dont realize one important thing.Im not really interested in fishing.I a
26、m only interested in sitting in a boat and doing nothing at all!补充知识点补充知识点：注：注：与与的区别：的区别：动名词作主语通常表示抽象的或泛指的动作，一般不与特定的动名词作主语通常表示抽象的或泛指的动作，一般不与特定的动作执行者联系在一起；不定式作主语通常表示具体的动作或行为，动作执行者联系在一起；不定式作主语通常表示具体的动作或行为，往往与特定的动作执行者联系在一起，如：往往与特定的动作执行者联系在一起，如：Its no use crying over spilt milk.(抽象抽象)He realized that to
27、 go on like this was no use.(具体具体)a.当表语是动名词时，主语也要用动名词；当表语是不定式时，当表语是动名词时，主语也要用动名词；当表语是不定式时，主语也要用不定式，如：主语也要用不定式，如：Seeing is believing.To see is to believe.b.动名词和不定式作主语，一般都可以使用形式主语动名词和不定式作主语，一般都可以使用形式主语，而将动名，而将动名词或不定式放在句尾。但是在下列句型中，一般宜用动名词，不宜词或不定式放在句尾。但是在下列句型中，一般宜用动名词，不宜用不定式来代替：用不定式来代替：Its no use doing
28、Its no good doing Its a waste of time doing 例如：例如：Its no use going there today;he wont be at home.Its a waste of time arguing about it.而在而在Its important /Its necessary /Its advisable /Its essential /Its fitting 这类句型中，只能用不定式，如：这类句型中，只能用不定式，如：Its important to learn foreign languages.Its quite necessar
29、y to read it many times.3)V-ing形式作表语形式作表语(放在系动词之后放在系动词之后,泛指泛指某种动作或行为某种动作或行为,常用来说明主语的身份、内常用来说明主语的身份、内容或特点。容或特点。)如：如：a.)My job is testing all kinds of software.b.)The purpose of my letter is advising you to do more sports.c.)His greatest happiness is serving the people.d.)Seeing is believing.Predictiv
30、e 动名词作表语时相当于名词，说明主语的含义及内容，它与主语动名词作表语时相当于名词，说明主语的含义及内容，它与主语是同等关系，主语与表语互换位置不影响句子的基本含义，但不可是同等关系，主语与表语互换位置不影响句子的基本含义，但不可用副词来修饰。用副词来修饰。现在分词作表语时相当于形容词，说明主语的特征、性质、状态现在分词作表语时相当于形容词，说明主语的特征、性质、状态等，主语与表语不可互换位置，但可用等，主语与表语不可互换位置，但可用very,quite等副词来修饰，等副词来修饰，如：如：My job is looking after the children.Our duty is ser
31、ving the people heart and soul.The situation is encouraging.This cake is very inviting.The volleyball match we watched was very exciting.2)V-ing形式作宾语形式作宾语 a.)She sat there without speaking.b.)David is interested in driving.c.)Do you mind turning on the TV?d.)Betty enjoys listening to pop music.Objec
32、t 能用动名词作宾语的动词有两类：能用动名词作宾语的动词有两类：一类是只能用动名词作宾语的动词，其中有：一类是只能用动名词作宾语的动词，其中有：avoid,admit,consider,delay,advise,dislike,enjoy,escape,excuse,mind等，如：等，如：Mary is considering changing her job.I enjoy working with you.Would you mind ringing me up tomorrow?另一类是既可以用动名词，又可以用不定式作宾语的另一类是既可以用动名词，又可以用不定式作宾语的动词，其中有：动
33、词，其中有：continue,forget,hate,intend,like,love,plan,prefer,propose,regret,remember,start,try,want,need,cant afford等。等。在在need,want,deserve等后，可用动名词的主动式表示被动含等后，可用动名词的主动式表示被动含义，或用不定式的被动式，意义上无差别。但用动名词较为普遍，义，或用不定式的被动式，意义上无差别。但用动名词较为普遍，（这时主语一般是物），如：（这时主语一般是物），如：The door needs oiling/to be oiled.有的动词尽管可以用两种结构，
34、但意义明显不同，须认真加以有的动词尽管可以用两种结构，但意义明显不同，须认真加以区别：区别：I forgot to close the door before I left the room.I forgot having closed the door.He tried to write better.(尽量努力地写尽量努力地写)He tried writing with a brush.(用毛笔试着写用毛笔试着写)I couldnt help finishing it.(不能不结束某事不能不结束某事)I couldnt help to finish it.(不能帮助结束某事不能帮助结束某事)They left off fishing.(停止钓鱼停止钓鱼)They left off to fish.(离开某处出发去钓鱼离开某处出发去钓鱼)I regret to say that there is no wine in the bottle.(对现在要发生的对现在要发生的事表示遗憾、抱歉事表示遗憾、抱歉)I regret not taking your advice.(后悔后悔)Thanks for your attention!
