1、Intercultural Communication:A Comparison of Intercultural Communication:A Comparison of Chinese and English CulturesChinese and English Cultures跨文化交际：中英文化对比跨文化交际：中英文化对比 VS.VS.Unit 4 Alcoholic Drinks and Drinking Culture Lead-in Flipped Classroom tasks for this unit Section A(Self-study+tutorial)Pass
2、age 1 Alcoholic Drinks in China Passage 2 Chinese Drinking Culture Section B(Guided Reading)Passage 3 Wine and Wine Classification Passage 4 Essential Wine Etiquette TipsOutlineWork in pairs,read the following English quotes about wine and tell your partner which Chinese literati or poets do they re
3、mind you of?u“Give me books,French wine,fruit,fine weather and a little music played out of doors by somebody I do not know.”John Keatsu“Wine is bottled poetry.”Robert Louis StevensonLead-in 苏轼苏轼：李白李白：杜甫杜甫：明月几时有,把酒问青天。李白斗酒诗百篇，长安市上酒家眠，天子呼来不上船，自称臣是酒中仙。人生得意须尽欢，莫使金樽空对月。Chinese literati and alcoholic dri
4、nks Lead-in:What did Chinese literati say about drinking?So what kinds of alcoholic drinks did they drink?Task 1:Watch the video(Unit4 V1)on the introduction of Chinese alcoholic drinks,read Passage 1 and find out the names and introduction of different types of alcoholic drinks in China.Task 2:Then
5、,read Passage 2 to learn about the drinking culture in China.Flipped Classroom tasksSection A Chinese Alcoholic Drinks and Drinking Culturepertain prten v.适合；关于；适用；从属，归属(to)shorts rts n.短裤sneaker snikr n.运动鞋；卑鄙者；鬼鬼祟祟做事的人trousers suit女衫裤套装(=pantsuit)napkin npkn n.餐巾；餐巾纸；尿布lap lp n.大腿；下摆；山坳vt.使重叠；拍打；b
6、lot blt v.（用软纸或布）吸干pat pt v./n.轻拍；轻拍以引起注意；轻拍（使）成形fold fold v./n.折叠unfold nfold vt.打开；呈现vi.展开；显露spit spt vt.吐，吐出vi.吐痰comment kment v.发表评论；发表意见n.评论；意见；批评；描continental kntnentl adj.大陆的；大陆性的European Continental欧洲大陆，又称欧洲本土或简称欧陆，也是欧洲的主体大陆，明确地排除岛屿（不含英国、爱尔兰、冰岛）。New Words&Expressions in Passage 1 tine tan n.
7、齿；尖头 index ndeks n.指标；指数；索引；指针index finger示指;食指 thumb m n.拇指；（手套的）拇指部分 circumstance srkmstns n.环境；状况；境遇under no circumstances决不 shovel vl n.铁铲；一铲的量；铲车vt.铲除；用铲挖 palm pm n.手掌；棕榈树；掌状物 lick lk vt 舔；卷过；轻轻拍打n.舔；打；少许 sip sp v.小口喝，抿，啜饮 n.一小口（饮料），insult nslt;nslt v./n.侮辱；辱骂；损害 scrape skrep v.用工具刮；刮掉；擦伤；挖坑；刮出
8、刺耳声 pit pt n.矿井；深坑；陷阱；凹陷 gristle rsl n.软骨；软骨结构 rules of thumb 经验法则；拇指规则 deposit dpzt n.存款；押金；订金；保证金；沉淀物vt.使沉积；存放 swallow swlo vt.忍受；吞没；吞下；咽下n.燕子；一次吞咽的量 chew tu v.咀嚼；（因烦恼或焦虑）咬住；细想，深思 elbow elbo n.肘部；弯头；扶手vt.推挤；用手肘推开 distracting dstrkt adj.分心的；分散注意力的 urgent rdnt adj.紧急的；急迫的 handle hndl v.（用手）触摸；处理；对付
9、apology pldi n.道歉；谢罪；辩护 earshot rt n.听力所及之范围In Chinese,any beverage containing appreciable quantities of ethanol(enl 乙醇)is referred to as ji,which includes various liquors(烈性酒),beer,rice wine and fruit wine.Stories of jiu can be traced back to almost every period of Chinese history.A legend goes tha
10、t the method for making alcoholic drinks was invented during the reign of Yu the Great.(Para.1)Text study:Passage 1 Alcoholic Drinks in China(P.90)It is often translated into English as wine,which misstates its current usage.In present-day Mandarin,ji most commonly refers to pure alcohol,hard liquor
11、s,and strong rice wine,while wine and beer are distinguished as ptoji(葡萄酒,lit.grape jiu)and pji(啤酒,beer jiu),respectively.In ancient China,jiu was once regarded as a sacred liquid and was used only when sacrificial offerings were made to Heaven and Earth or ancestors.Later,along with the development
12、 of zymotechnics(zamteknks 酿造法)and brewery(bru:ri 酿酒厂),ji became an ordinary drink.It appeared in almost all social activities,including birthday parties for seniors,wedding feasts and sacrificial ceremonies.No banquet would be complete without it,since a toast could seal a deal,send prayers for the
13、 troops in battle as well as express a wish for the health and happiness of families and friends.(Para.2)Making a toast(敬酒)when friends have a dinner togetherText study:Passage 1 Alcoholic Drinks in China(P.90)There are many Chinese customs concerning jiu,and jiu has also inspired many men of letter
14、s to write poems and other works on“the magic elixir(lks(r)灵丹妙药)”.（Para.2）One of the classic examples of the ceremonial use of alcohol is described in the famous story Romance of the Three Kingdoms.The three heroes in the epic tale,become blood brothers by drinking bowls of wine into which they have
15、 mixed drops of their own blood from cuts in their fingers!This act may seem extreme but was a symbol of faithfulness in those days.Text study:Passage 1 Alcoholic Drinks in China(P.90)Liquor:Chinese liquor is called baijiu,which literally means“white liquor.”It has very high alcohol content(generall
16、y between 40%and 60%alcohol by volume,or ABV).Chinese liquor is usually distilled(蒸馏)from fermented(发酵的)sorghum(sm 高粱),though other grains may also be used.Southern Chinese versions may employ glutinous rice,while northern Chinese varieties may use wheat,barley(bli 大麦),millet(mlt 谷子),or even Jobs te
17、ars(薏米)(Para.4)“慨当以慷，忧思难忘。何以解忧，唯有杜康。”-曹操 Text study:Passage 1 Alcoholic Drinks in China(P.91)Yellow rice wine:As one of the worlds ancient wines,it is unique and conventional in China.With a history going back to some 3,000 years,it is renowned(闻名的)for its yellow color and lustre(lst 光泽)After the fe
18、rmentation process,it has a balmy(b:mi 温和的)fragrance and is sweet tasting with no sharpness(辛辣)(Para.5)Text study:Passage 1 Alcoholic Drinks in China(P.91)Despite its name,huangjiu may be clear,beige(米黄色的),or reddish as well as yellow.The mijiu,is generally considered a form of huangjiu within China
19、.Huangjiu is classified based on several factors.Among them are the drinks dryness(干型程度),the starter used in its production,and the production method.Fruit wine:It is mainly made from grapes,pears,oranges,lychees(li:ti:荔枝),sugarcane(g,ken 甘蔗),hawthorn(hn 山楂树)berries,and waxberries.Fruit wine is usua
20、lly referred to by the main ingredient.(Para.6)Text study:Passage 1 Alcoholic Drinks in China(P.91)Wine was probably brought into China from the western region in the Han Dynasty(206 BC-220)and was popular in the Tang Dynasty.Now the fruit wine production is quite widely produced,with grape wine bei
21、ng the most prominent.Integrated alcoholic beverages:Such drinks are created from wine and liquor,to which the taste or fragrance from fruits,herbs(h:bs 药草)or flowers is added.Some exotic(ztk 奇异的)or medicinal concoctions(knkkn 调合物)can contain other plants or even animal derivatives(drvtvz 衍生物)(Para.
22、7)Text study:Passage 1 Alcoholic Drinks in China(P.91)Making your own rose wineProcedures:Use fresh roses or dried roses.Use only glass or ceramic container.In 1.5 liter distilled spirit(35 percent),soak 250g dried rose petals.Or in 1.5 liter spirit(50 percent),add 350g fresh rose petals.Add 250g ro
23、ck sugar.Seal,shake every day or two.Store for a month.Dosage:Drink 20ml,once a day.Benefits:Improves complexion,reduces pigmentation caused by age or pregnancy.Text study:Passage 1 Alcoholic Drinks in China(P.91)They are a vital part of Chinese tonics(tnk 滋补品),and wines made of wolfberry(枸杞),safflo
24、wer(红花),ginseng(dnse 人参)etc are still produced and contribute to the extensive repertoire(reptw(r)全部本领)of medical treatments available.(Para.7)Beer:Chinese beer is made not only from barley,but also from rice,sorghum and sometimes rye(ra 黑麦).Recent archaeological findings show that Chinese villagers
25、 were brewing beer-type alcoholic drinks several thousand years ago on small and individual scales.Made from rice,honey,grapes and hawthorn fruits,ancient Chinese beer was important in ancestral worship(祭祖),funeral and other rituals(rtlz 仪规)of the Xia,Shang and Zhou dynasties.Although modern beer wa
26、s not produced in China until the early 20th century,the Chinese brewing industry has developed rapidly.Today China boasts many brands of quality beer which have become well-known and appreciated by beer drinkers both at home and abroad.Text study:Passage 1 Alcoholic Drinks in China(P.91-2)Text stud
27、y:Passage 1 Alcoholic Drinks in China 5,000-year-old ancient Chinese beer recipe recreated!BOSTON:Scientists have brewed an ancient Chinese beer-a sweet,fruity concoction-using a 5,000-year-old recipe discovered by them,in a bid to understand the evolution of alcohol.Researchers discovered the ancie
28、nt recipe by studying the residue on the inner walls of pottery vessels found in an excavated site in northeast China.The research provides the earliest evidence of beer production in China so far.Archaeology is not just about reading books and analysing artifacts,said Li Liu,a professor in Chinese
29、archaeology at Stanford University in the US.Downloaded from The Economic Times(Feb 12,2017)have much to do with与有很大关系 self-affirmation self,fmein n.自我肯定 bride brad n.新娘；姑娘，女朋友 groom rum n.马夫；新郎；王室侍从官 newlywed nuliwed adj.新婚的n.新婚夫妇 gratitude rttud n.感谢（的心情）；感激 in relation to关于；涉及 acrobatics krbtks n
30、.杂技；巧妙手法 thrive rav vi.繁荣，兴旺；茁壮成长 literacy ltrsi n.读写能力；精通文学 acumen kjmn;kjumn n.聪明，敏锐 bouquet buke n.花束；酒香 mansion mnn n.大厦；宅邸Dream of Red Mansions红楼梦New Words&Expressions in Passage 2 contest kntest n.比赛，竞赛；争论，争辩，争执v.争取赢得 archery rtri n.箭术；射箭术，射箭运动；射箭 arrow ro n.箭，箭头；箭状物；箭头记号vt.以箭头指示；箭一般地飞向 pitch
31、pt n.音高；沥青v.投掷；投（球）arrow-pitching投壶 bet bet v.打赌；敢说n.打赌；赌注 stick stik v.刺，戳；伸出；粘贴n.棍；手杖 yell jel v.大叫，叫喊 n.喊声，叫声 make a fortune发财，赚大钱 intellectual ntlektul adj.智力的；聪明的；理智的n.知识分子；凭理智做事者 riddle rdl n.谜语；神秘事件 idiom dim n.成语，习语；土话 compose kmpoz vt.构成；写作；使平静；排的版 couplet kplt n.对联；对句 animate nmet vt.使有生气；
32、使活泼；鼓舞；推动 improvise mprvaz vt.即兴创作；即兴表演；临时做；临时提供 well-crafted 精心设计的 adhere dhr vi.（to）坚持；依附；粘着；追随vt.使粘附 elderly eldrli adj.上了年纪的；过了中年的；稍老的 greedy ridi adj.贪婪的；贪吃的；渴望的 clink klk n.叮当声；建 劈楔；牢房vi.发叮当声 humility hjumlti n.谦卑，谦逊 overlook ovrlk vt.忽略；俯瞰；远眺；监督n.忽视；眺望 maintain menten vt.维持；继续；维修；主张；供养 eye co
33、ntact目光接触；眼神交会 capacity kpsti n.能力；容量；资格，地位；生产力 cheers trz int.（用于祝酒）干杯；再见，再会；谢谢In China,drinking is not only for pleasure.It also has much to do with respect,self-affirmation(selff(:)men自我肯定),friendship,and the preservation of the drinking tradition,among other things.For example,in China,no weddin
34、g ceremony is complete without the traditional cross-cupped drinking performed by the bride and the groom,which is usually followed by a toast to each of the newlyweds parents to express their gratitude(Para.1)Text study:Passage 2 Chinese Drinking Culture(P.95)Originally it was introduced to regulat
35、e peoples drinking habits so that they would not over-drink and observe(遵守)rules of etiquette(etket 礼节礼节).It was during the Warring States Period(战国时期)that Jilng evolved to include ways in which a toast could be made.Such games thrived(rav 兴旺兴旺)over the years and now there are different forms of Jil
36、ng,which can be performed depending on the drinkers social status,literacy status and interests(Para.2)Text study:Passage 2 Chinese Drinking Culture(P.95)Text study:Passage 2 Chinese Drinking Culture(P.96)A Dream of Red Mansions by Cao Xueqin(1715?-1763?),also known as Hong Lou Meng,is arguably Chin
37、as greatest literary masterpiece.A chronicle of a noble family in the eighteenth century;but the splendor of enchanting gardens,pleasure pavilions,and daily life of the most sophisticated refinements hides the realities of decay and self-destruction.Common games:These games are easy to learn and pla
38、y and thus do not require a great deal of acumen.For instance,in the“drumming and blossom-passing game,”a person beats a drum behind the scenes,while the others sitting around the table quickly pass round a bouquet of blossom.In the famous novel A Dream of Red Mansions(红楼梦),the dignified(dnfad 显贵的)f
39、amily also played such a game in drinking.(Para.3)Contest games:These games consist of archery(tri),arrow pitching(投壶),chess playing,playing dice(玩骰子),animal betting(虎棒鸡虫令),and finger guessing(划拳划拳),which is the most popular.The finger-guessing game is the most popular game in this category.In such
40、a game,two players stretch out their right hands with a few fingers sticking out while each yelling out a number.If the number yelled out by one is equal to the total number of the fingers extended by the two drinkers,he or she wins.Then the other person loses the game and has to take a drink as a p
41、unishment.(Para.4)Text study:Passage 2 Chinese Drinking Culture(P.96)划拳酒令中数字的叫法划拳酒令中数字的叫法：一字叫：一条龙、一锭金、一夫当关二字叫：哥俩好,并蒂莲,两家好,双喜临门 三字叫：三星照、三羊开泰、三结义 四字叫：四喜财、四季发财、四季如意 五字叫：五魁首、五花骢、五纪魁六字叫：六六六、六六顺七字叫：七个巧、七仙女、七子团圆 八字叫：八匹马、八大仙、八大寿九字叫：九连环、九重天、快升官十字叫：满堂红、合家欢、十全十美 Literary games:Such games are mainly popular amo
42、ng intellectuals(ntlktjlz 知识分子).Usually a literary game is a unique and artful literary contest that requires superior wisdom,broad knowledge and quick response.Intellectuals thought of many ways to play such games,including guessing riddles,connecting idioms,composing couplets or verses,and telling
43、 stories or jokes.In order to animate the atmosphere,players do their best to improvise original(原创的),novel(新颖的),unpredictable and well-crafted(精心策划的)literary pieces.(Para.5)Text study:Passage 2 Chinese Drinking Culture(P.96)宴中以诗为令，起源很早。春秋时期，诸侯会盟，必须“酒以成礼”，在樽俎之间与会者人人要赋诗，大夫有不能诵诗者，不得参加朝享之礼。到了后来，演变成即席赋诗
44、和联句。流传甚广的一则故事是，李白、杜甫、贺知章和王之涣四人联句行令，四人的诗分别是：一轮圆月照金樽，（贺知章）金樽斟满月满轮。（王之涣）圆月跌落金樽内，（杜甫）手举金樽带月吞。（李白）Drinking etiquetteDrinking together is an essential part of socializing in China.Behaviour at table is often considered to be a reflection of a persons social skills.As with any social conduct,Chinese drinki
45、ng adheres to(坚持)some rules.(Para.6)Text study:Passage 2 Chinese Drinking Culture(P.96)Section B Wine and Wine EtiquetteDirections:Before reading the text read the following statements to decide whether each of them is true(T)or false(F),then read Passage 3 quickly to see how good your knowledge is
46、about wine and its classification.()1.Without further labeling,wine refers to grape wine in both the United States and European Union member countries.()2.Wine has been classified by various methods which have been constant over the years.()3.The red color of red wine comes from the juice of the spe
47、cial kind of grapes for red wine.()4.All sparkling wines,off-sparkling wines,and still wines contain carbon dioxide.()5.All the four types of wines mentioned in Paragraph 6 are not used as beverage.()6.There are consistent rules controlling the classification of wines in the global market.Guided Rea
48、ding:Passage 3 Wine and Wine Classification(P.104)acid sd n.酸；迷幻药adj.酸的；讽刺的；刻薄的 enzyme enzam n.酶 nutrient nutrint n.营养物；滋养物adj.营养的；滋养的 grocery rosri n.食品杂货店；（groceries）食品杂货 reserve rzrv v.预订；储备；拥有；留出；把专门留给 exclusively ksklusvli adv.唯一地，专有地，排外地 cider sadr n.苹果酒；苹果汁 perry peri n.梨酒 sake sek;ski n.目的；利
49、益；理由；日本清酒（借鉴中国黄酒的发酵方法，用纯大米发酵、蒸馏而形成的酒，被誉为日本国酒。）label lebl n.标签；商标；绰号；唱片公司v.贴标签于；把归类 qualify kwlfa vt.限定，修饰；使具有资格；证明合格 vinification,vnfken n.食品 葡萄酒酿造法 vintage vntd n.葡萄收获期；葡萄酒酿造期adj.古老的；最佳的；经典高档的 over time随着时间的过去New Words&Expressions in Passage 3 Bordeaux brdo n.波尔多葡萄酒；波尔多（位于法国西南部，因地处地中海气候区，为葡萄种植提供了绝佳
50、的场地，也因此波尔多地区成了法国不折不扣的葡萄酒之乡。）Chianti kinti n.基安蒂红葡萄酒，基安蒂（位于意大利托斯卡纳大区，是意大利人偏爱的葡萄酒产区。）dictate dktet v.命令；口述；使听写n.命令；指示 accordingly krdli adv.因此，于是；相应地；照着 Consequently knskwentli adv.因此；结果；所以 enthusiast nuzist n.爱好者，热心家；热烈支持者；狂热者 consumption knsmpn n.消费；消耗 varietal vratl adj.变种的；多种的；特定品种的；品种葡萄酒n.用葡萄名字命名
