1、Unit 4Earthquakes the vibration may be no greater than the vibration caused by a passing truck.On average,a powerful earthquake occurs less than once every two years.At least 40 moderate earthquakes cause damage somewhere in the world each year.About 40,000 to 50,000 small earthquakeslarge enough to
2、 be felt but not damagingoccur annually.Tasks：1佳句仿写佳句仿写.called tsunamis(海海啸啸).The group _.(被称作被称作“甲壳虫甲壳虫”的乐队很受欢迎的乐队很受欢迎)Instead.We wont have tea in the house._.(我们将在花园里而不是在室内喝茶我们将在花园里而不是在室内喝茶)。2句子翻译句子翻译(将黑体句子译成汉语将黑体句子译成汉语)_ Period 1Warming Up，Prereading&Reading8_ adj.极度的极度的9_ vt.损害；伤害损害；伤害10destroy
3、vt._ _ _11useless adj._ _ _12shock/k/vt.&vi._n_ _ _13rescue n.&vt._ _14trap/trp/vt._n_ _15electricity n._ _ _16disaster n._ _17bury/berI/vt._ _ _答案答案1.earthquake2.burst3.million4.event5.nation6.ruin7.suffering8.extreme9.injure10.破破坏；毁坏；消灭坏；毁坏；消灭11.无用无用的；无益的；无效的的；无益的；无效的12.(使使)震惊；震动；休克；打击；震惊震惊；震动；休克；
4、打击；震惊13.援救；营救援救；营救14.使陷入困境；陷阱；困境使陷入困境；陷阱；困境15.电；电流；电学电；电流；电学16.灾难；灾祸灾难；灾祸17.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏埋葬；掩埋；隐藏.短语天地短语天地1_立立刻；马上刻；马上2_仿佛；好像仿佛；好像3_结束；终结结束；终结4in ruins_5dig out_6a(great)number of_答案答案1.right away2.as if3.at an end4.严严重受损；破败不堪重受损；破败不堪5.掘出；发现掘出；发现6.许多；大量的许多；大量的.预读理解预读理解1Fast Reading：Scan the text and choo
5、se the best answers according to the text.The first sentence in Paragraph 1 implies that _.Athe survivors didnt think too much of itBthe survivors were made to lose their senses by the sudden big earthquakeCthe survivors didnt realize in such a brief instant that it was a terrible earthquakeDthe sur
6、vivors didnt think an earthquake could bring such great damageHow many signs are given that suggest an earthquake would happen in the first paragraph?AFive BNine CTwelve DSevenThe second and third paragraphs are mainly about _.Athe great loss the earthquake brought to TangshanBthe number of people w
7、ho were killed or injuredCwhen and where an earthquake happenedDthe cause of the big earthquake in TangshanThe title“A night the earth didnt sleep”means _.Athe earth was awake all night longBpeople on the earth couldnt fall asleep that nightCan earthquake happened that nightDanimals on the earth wou
8、ld not sleep that nightWhat is the mood of this passage?ASad BSeriousCSerious and sad DCalm答案答案CBACC2Careful Reading：Read the text carefully and try to master the structure of the text.PartEventsSigns before the earthquake(Paragraph 1)_were happening in Tangshan.For a few days,water in the wells _；F
9、rom the cracks of wells,_came out;Mice,chickens,pigs and even fish became _；The water pipes cracked and burst.But people _them.Damage caused by earthquake(Paragraphs 23)The earthquake _ the city and shocked the people.At 3：42 a.m，everything began to _.It seemed that the world was at an _.Onethird of
10、 the nation _ it.A huge _cut across the city.The city lay _.Twothirds of the people _ or were injured.Rescue after the earthquake(Paragraph 4)Soldiers were sent to _ those who were trapped and to bury the dead.Workers built _ for surviors whose homes had been _.答案答案Strange thingsrose and fella smell
11、y gasnervousthought little ofdestroyedshakeendfeltcrackin ruinsdieddig outsheltersdestroyed【比较网站比较网站】shake/trembleshake最普通用词，可指人或物最普通用词，可指人或物“摇动，发抖摇动，发抖”。指人时常。指人时常指由于感情激动、寒冷、惧怕等所引起的身体颤动。指由于感情激动、寒冷、惧怕等所引起的身体颤动。在表示在表示“因因而颤抖而颤抖”时，介词多用时，介词多用with。在表示。在表示“使受震撼，使使受震撼，使(信念等信念等)动摇动摇”时，常用于时，常用于be shaken by/wi
12、th/at结构中结构中tremble(因恐惧、愤怒、寒冷、体弱等因恐惧、愤怒、寒冷、体弱等)战栗，震颤，发抖，战栗，震颤，发抖，常常与常常与shake互换，但指握手、摇头时动词用互换，但指握手、摇头时动词用shake，tremble只用作不及物动词只用作不及物动词【单项填空单项填空】Mr White,a new teacher,stood in front of the students,his body _with fear.Atrembling BtrembledCwas trembling Dwas trembled解析解析his body与与tremble构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在
13、分词。构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词。答案答案A【完成句子完成句子】_ _(暴暴风雨突然袭来风雨突然袭来)and we all got wet.He _ _ _(闯进房间闯进房间)without knocking at the door.答案答案The storm burstburst into the room3ruin(1)n.废墟；毁灭废墟；毁灭We saw the ruins of the church.我我们看见了这座教堂的遗址。们看见了这座教堂的遗址。Drinking was his fathers ruin and it will be the ruin of him too
14、！喝！喝酒毁了他父亲，也会毁了他！酒毁了他父亲，也会毁了他！(2)vt.毁灭；使破产毁灭；使破产Heavy smoking ruined his health.吸吸烟过度毁坏了他的健康。烟过度毁坏了他的健康。【归纳拓展归纳拓展】be in ruins成为废墟成为废墟come into ruins 毁灭，成为废墟毁灭，成为废墟be the ruin of 成为成为毁灭毁灭(堕落堕落)的原因的原因ruin oneself 自取灭亡自取灭亡ruin ones health/fame 毁坏某人的健康毁坏某人的健康/名誉名誉【比较网站比较网站】ruin/destroy/damageruin一般指对物体或
15、生命彻底的破坏，但往往是非暴力一般指对物体或生命彻底的破坏，但往往是非暴力的，也往往不是一次性打击的结果，常指对美好的的，也往往不是一次性打击的结果，常指对美好的或希望中的事物的破坏或希望中的事物的破坏destroy常指彻底的、不能或很难修复的常指彻底的、不能或很难修复的“破坏破坏”、“毁坏毁坏”，程度较深；也可用于损坏抽象的东西，比如名，程度较深；也可用于损坏抽象的东西，比如名誉、计划、努力、契约等誉、计划、努力、契约等damage一般指对物体或生命的局部损伤，使整体的价值或一般指对物体或生命的局部损伤，使整体的价值或作用降低或变得无价值、无作用，一般指被破坏的作用降低或变得无价值、无作用，
16、一般指被破坏的物品可以重新修复物品可以重新修复选词填空选词填空(ruin/destroy/damage)The buildings here were _in the big earthquake.He _his prospects(前途前途)because of his carelessness.Smoking can severely _your health.答案答案destroyedruineddamage【单项填空单项填空】That car accident_all his life.After that he was limited to a wheelchair.Adamaged
17、 BdestroyedCharmed Druined解析解析ruin ones life毁掉某人的生活。毁掉某人的生活。答案答案D4injure vt.损害，伤害损害，伤害Youll injure your health by smoking too much.吸吸烟太多将有害于你的健康。烟太多将有害于你的健康。【归纳拓展归纳拓展】injury n伤，伤口，伤害伤，伤口，伤害do an injury to sb 伤害某人伤害某人injured adj.受伤的；受委屈的受伤的；受委屈的the injured 伤员伤员【比较网站比较网站】injure/wound/hurt/harminjure多指
18、意外事故造成的伤害，也可指对名誉、地位的损多指意外事故造成的伤害，也可指对名誉、地位的损害害wound指人在战斗、攻击中受伤，身体上出现明显的伤口，指人在战斗、攻击中受伤，身体上出现明显的伤口，多指枪伤、刀伤、刺伤等皮肉之伤多指枪伤、刀伤、刺伤等皮肉之伤hurt多指精神上受到伤害，也可指身体上的疼痛多指精神上受到伤害，也可指身体上的疼痛harm指身体或精神上的损害或对周围事物的危害。意为指身体或精神上的损害或对周围事物的危害。意为“伤害，损害，有害于伤害，损害，有害于”，常用短语，常用短语do harm to“对对有害有害”【一目了然一目了然】用用injure/wound/hurt/harm的
19、适当形式填空的适当形式填空The soldier was _in the arm in the war.She was _slightly in an accident during the work.I was very much _at his words.This bright light will do great _to your eyes.答案答案woundedinjuredhurtharm【归纳拓展归纳拓展】destruction n毁灭；破坏毁灭；破坏destructive adj.破坏破坏(性性)的；毁灭的；毁灭(性性)的的【单项填空单项填空】The flood _all t
20、he bridges,so we had to get there only by boat.Adestroyed Binjured Charmed Dhurt解析解析考查同义词用法辨析。考查同义词用法辨析。destory毁坏的程度严重，不能修复。毁坏的程度严重，不能修复。结合句意结合句意A项最佳。项最佳。答案答案A【归纳拓展归纳拓展】a shock to.使使吃惊吃惊shocked adj.感到震惊的感到震惊的shocking adj.令人震惊的令人震惊的be shocked to do sth 做某事很震惊做某事很震惊be shocked at.对对感到震惊感到震惊点津点津：shocked
21、 adj.“感到震惊的感到震惊的”，表示人的心理状态和感受；，表示人的心理状态和感受；shocking adj.“令人震惊的令人震惊的”，说明事物的性质、特征、特点等。，说明事物的性质、特征、特点等。【比较网站比较网站】shock/astonish/surpriseshockvt.&n震惊，打击，吃惊程度最大，后面常跟震惊，打击，吃惊程度最大，后面常跟介词介词at/by，构成词组，构成词组be shocked at/by，表示，表示“对对吃惊吃惊”，或接不定式表示原因，也可作，或接不定式表示原因，也可作名词，意为名词，意为“震动，打击震动，打击”astonishvt.&n十分吃惊，语气比十分吃
22、惊，语气比surprise要强，含有要强，含有令人难以置信的意思令人难以置信的意思surprisevt.&n吃惊，最普通用词，含有吃惊，最普通用词，含有“意想不到意想不到”之意之意【单词填空单词填空】The big Haiti Earthquake _(使使震惊震惊)the world.His sudden death was a great _(震惊震惊)to his family.He was very much _(震惊的震惊的)at the news.答案答案shockedshockshocked【单项填空单项填空】The news is so_that everyone was ve
23、ry much _at it.Ashocking;shockedBshocked;shockingCshocking;shockingDshocked;shocked解析解析句意：这个消息如此震惊，以至于每个人听到时都感到震句意：这个消息如此震惊，以至于每个人听到时都感到震惊。惊。shocking修饰修饰news，shocked修饰修饰everyone。答案答案A【归纳拓展归纳拓展】go/come to sbs rescue进行援助进行援助/营救某人营救某人a rescue team 救援队救援队a rescue mission 营救任务营救任务rescue sb from.从从中把某人救出来
24、中把某人救出来【比较网站比较网站】rescue/saverescue强调行动迅速，指把某人或某物从迫在眉睫的危险中解强调行动迅速，指把某人或某物从迫在眉睫的危险中解救出来救出来save是普通用词，使用广泛，常指把处于危险或紧急状态中是普通用词，使用广泛，常指把处于危险或紧急状态中的人或物解救出来，使之得以保全，多数情况下可与的人或物解救出来，使之得以保全，多数情况下可与rescue互换互换【完成句子完成句子】他他从大火中把那个女孩救了出来。从大火中把那个女孩救了出来。He _ the girl _the big fire.当我们处于困境的时候，他们来营救我们。当我们处于困境的时候，他们来营救我
25、们。They _ _ _when we were in danger.答案答案rescued；fromcame to our rescue8trap(1)vt.使陷入困境使陷入困境The police trapped him into telling the truth.警警察设圈套使他讲出实情。察设圈套使他讲出实情。(2)n.陷阱，困境陷阱，困境The farmer sets traps to catch the rats.农农民放置了许多捕鼠器捕捉老鼠。民放置了许多捕鼠器捕捉老鼠。【归纳拓展归纳拓展】trap sb into sth/doing sth诱使某人诱使某人(做做)be trap
26、ped in 困在困在中；陷在中；陷在中中set traps to do sth 设置陷阱做设置陷阱做【完成句子完成句子】有有望这个抢劫者正好落入我们的圈套。望这个抢劫者正好落入我们的圈套。Hopefully,the robber will fall right into our _.她被困于燃烧的房子中。她被困于燃烧的房子中。She was _in the burning house.答案答案traptrapped【一目了然一目了然】【单项填空单项填空】_ himself in the newspaper,he didnt notice what was happening.AHaving
27、buried BBuryingCBuried DTo be buried解析解析bury oneself inbe buried in埋头于；专心于。此处为现在埋头于；专心于。此处为现在分词作状语。句意：他埋头于读报，没有注意到发生的事情。分词作状语。句意：他埋头于读报，没有注意到发生的事情。答案答案B1right away 立刻，马上，毫不耽搁立刻，马上，毫不耽搁I told him right away what I thought of him.我我直截了当地告诉了他我对他的看法。直截了当地告诉了他我对他的看法。【归纳拓展归纳拓展】right now立即，马上立即，马上right and
28、 left 到处；处处到处；处处see sb right 确保或负责满足某人的一切要求确保或负责满足某人的一切要求put sb right 纠正某人的错误纠正某人的错误【单项填空单项填空】On hearing the shouts of“help”，he rushed to the river _.Aright now Bright offCright away DAll the above解析解析right now,right off和和right away都有都有“立即，马上立即，马上”的意思。的意思。答案答案C2as if 仿佛；好像仿佛；好像It looks as if a storm
29、 would come soon.一一场暴风雨似乎很快就要来了。场暴风雨似乎很快就要来了。【归纳拓展归纳拓展】as if的用法：的用法：(1)as if引导从句。引导从句。在在look,seem等系动词后引导表语从句。等系动词后引导表语从句。It seems as if our team is going to win.看来我们队好像要获胜了。看来我们队好像要获胜了。引导方式状语从句。引导方式状语从句。She loves the boy as if she were his mother.她爱这个男孩，就好像她是他的母亲一样。她爱这个男孩，就好像她是他的母亲一样。(2)as if还可用于省略句
30、中。还可用于省略句中。如果如果as if引导的从句是引导的从句是“主语系动词其他主语系动词其他”结构，可省略主语结构，可省略主语和系动词，这样和系动词，这样as if后就只剩下名词、不定式、形容词后就只剩下名词、不定式、形容词(短语短语)、介、介词短语或分词等。词短语或分词等。Tom raised his hand as if(he was going)to say something.汤姆举起手好像要说什么。汤姆举起手好像要说什么。She left the room hurriedly as if(she was)very angry.她匆忙离开房间好像很生气。她匆忙离开房间好像很生气。注意
31、：注意：as if从句的语气及时态。从句的语气及时态。(1)as if从句用直陈语气的情况：当说话者认为句子所述的是真实的从句用直陈语气的情况：当说话者认为句子所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时。或极有可能发生或存在的事实时。He talks as if he is drunk.从他谈话的样子来看他是醉了。从他谈话的样子来看他是醉了。(2)as if从句用虚拟语气的情况：当说话人认为句子所述的是不真实从句用虚拟语气的情况：当说话人认为句子所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时。从句虚拟语气中动词时态的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时。从句虚拟语气中动词时态的形式如下：的形式如下：
32、从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去式。从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去式。You look as if you didnt care.你看上去好像并不在乎。你看上去好像并不在乎。He talks as if he knew where she was.他说话的样子好像知道她在哪里似的。他说话的样子好像知道她在哪里似的。从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用“had过去分词过去分词”。He talks about Rome as if he had been there before.他说起罗马来好像他以前去过那儿似的。他说起罗马来好像他以前去过那
33、儿似的。从句表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用从句表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用“would/could/might动词原形动词原形”。He opens his mouth as if he would say something.他张开嘴好像要说什么。他张开嘴好像要说什么。【完成句子完成句子】It seems _ _ _ _(他他好像好像在做梦在做梦)She treats him _ _ _ _ _(好像他是一个陌生人好像他是一个陌生人)He opened his mouth _ _ _ _(好像要说什么好像要说什么)答案答案as if he were dreamingas if he were
34、 a strangeras if to say something3at an end结束，终结结束，终结The war was at an end.战争结束了。战争结束了。He went on spending freely until his money was at an end.他他继续大把地花钱直到用完为止。继续大把地花钱直到用完为止。【比较网站比较网站】at an end/at the end of./in the end/by the end of./come to an endat an end意为意为“结束；终结结束；终结”，在句中多用作表语，在句中多用作表语at the e
35、nd of.意为意为“在在的尽头；在的尽头；在末末”in the end意为意为“最后，终于最后，终于”by the end of意为意为“到到末为止末为止”，常用于完成时中，常用于完成时中come to an end意为意为“结束结束”，常用作谓语，常用作谓语选词填空选词填空(at an end/at the end of/by the end of/in the end)How many English words had you learned _last term?He became an outstanding doctor _.My uncle will fly to China
36、_this year.My holiday is _and I must go back to work soon.答案答案by the end ofin the endat the end ofat an end4a(great)number of 许多，大量的许多，大量的A great number of new factories have been set up in my hometown.我我的家乡建立了许多新工厂。的家乡建立了许多新工厂。【比较网站比较网站】a number of/the number of意义意义用法用法a numberof许多，大量的许多，大量的在在numbe
37、r之前可加之前可加large,small,great等表示程度。等表示程度。a number of只只修饰可数名词，作主语时谓语动修饰可数名词，作主语时谓语动词用复数形式词用复数形式the numberof的数目的数目后接可数名词，作主语时谓语动后接可数名词，作主语时谓语动词用单数而不用复数词用单数而不用复数【单项填空单项填空】The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities _rising steadily since 1997.Ais BareChas been Dhave been解析解析考查主谓一致。主语是考查主
38、谓一致。主语是the number，故谓语动词用单数，故谓语动词用单数，又因时间状语是又因时间状语是since 1997，所以用完成时态。，所以用完成时态。答案答案C5dig out(1)掘出掘出The soldiers had to dig the dead out of the ruins.士士兵们不得不把死者从废墟里挖出来。兵们不得不把死者从废墟里挖出来。(2)发现，找出发现，找出He tried his best to dig out the truth.他他设法找出真相。设法找出真相。【归纳拓展归纳拓展】dig for寻找寻找dig into 探究；探寻探究；探寻dig up (在播
39、种或建筑等前在播种或建筑等前)掘地；平整土地掘地；平整土地填入恰当的介副词填入恰当的介副词Youll need to dig deep _ the records to find the figures you want.They are digging _the football field to make a new surface.The miners are busy digging _gold now.答案答案intoupfor1In the farmyard,the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.农家大院里的鸡
40、，甚至猪都因过于惶恐而不想进食。农家大院里的鸡，甚至猪都因过于惶恐而不想进食。too.to.太太而不能而不能，含有否定含义，相当于，含有否定含义，相当于not.enough to.。She is too short to reach the book on the shelf.She is not tall enough to reach the book on the shelf.她太矮了而不能够到架子上的书。她太矮了而不能够到架子上的书。【归纳拓展归纳拓展】(1)当当too后的形容词是表示心情或描述性的形容词，如后的形容词是表示心情或描述性的形容词，如happy,pleased,willi
41、ng,thankful,delighted,anxious,eager,easy,kind,good,interesting,pleasant等时，此结构没有否定意义，而表示肯等时，此结构没有否定意义，而表示肯定含义。定含义。too意为意为“十分，非常十分，非常”，这时，这时too前可以有副词前可以有副词far,much,only或或but修饰，但意义不变。修饰，但意义不变。I am too delighted to accept your invitation.我非常高兴地接受你的邀请。我非常高兴地接受你的邀请。(2)too.to.结构中的结构中的too前有否定词，如前有否定词，如never
42、时，此结构表示肯定时，此结构表示肯定含义。含义。It is never too late to learn.活到老，学到老。活到老，学到老。(3)tooadj.for sb/sth to do sth表示表示“太太以至于某人以至于某人/某物某物不能做某事不能做某事”。The problem is too difficult for me to work out.这个问题太难了，我解答不出来。这个问题太难了，我解答不出来。(4)can never be too.无论无论也不过分。也不过分。You can never be too careful when crossing the street.
43、你过马路时怎样小心也不为过。你过马路时怎样小心也不为过。【单项填空单项填空】You _pay too much attention to your handwriting,as it is so important.Acant BshouldntCmustnt Dneednt解析解析cant.too.无论无论也不过分。也不过分。答案答案A2Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide.老鼠从地里跑出来找地方躲。老鼠从地里跑出来找地方躲。此此句中的现在分词句中的现在分词looking for places to hide作伴随状语，修
44、饰谓语作伴随状语，修饰谓语ran out of.。现在分词作状语还可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步或方现在分词作状语还可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步或方式等。式等。Seeing those pictures,she remembered her childhood.看到那些画，她想起了她的童年。看到那些画，她想起了她的童年。Not knowing his address,I cant send this book to him.因为不知道他的地址，我不能把这本书寄给他。因为不知道他的地址，我不能把这本书寄给他。【感悟高考感悟高考】He had a wonderful childhoo
45、d,_with his mother to all corners of the world.(2010安徽，安徽，30)Atravel Bto travel Ctraveled Dtraveling解析解析考查非谓语动词。句意：他度过了一个美好的童年，和妈考查非谓语动词。句意：他度过了一个美好的童年，和妈妈游遍了世界各地。现在分词在句中作伴随状语。妈游遍了世界各地。现在分词在句中作伴随状语。答案答案D3All hope was not lost.不是所有的希望都破灭了。不是所有的希望都破灭了。此句为部分否定的表达。此句为部分否定的表达。不不定代词定代词all与否定副词与否定副词not连用，表
46、示部连用，表示部分否定。分否定。【归纳拓展归纳拓展】(1)除除all之外，英语中的之外，英语中的both,each,every,everybody,everything等等具有总括意义的代词与否定词具有总括意义的代词与否定词not连用，构成部分否定，表示连用，构成部分否定，表示“不不都，并非都都，并非都”的意思。的意思。(2)英语中的英语中的no,none,never,nobody,nothing,neither,no one,nowhere,no more,no longer,no way,not.either等表示否定意义等表示否定意义的词的词(词组词组)与肯定式谓语一起使用构成全部否定。
47、与肯定式谓语一起使用构成全部否定。Not everyone likes him.并不是每个人都喜欢他。并不是每个人都喜欢他。All of us dont have such experiences.并不是我们每个人都有这种经历。并不是我们每个人都有这种经历。Either view is not correct.两种见解都不对。两种见解都不对。【感悟高考感悟高考】Which of the two computer games did you prefer?Actually I didnt like _.(2008全国卷全国卷，30)Aboth of them Beither of themCnone of them Dneither of them解析解析考查代词用法。句意为：考查代词用法。句意为：这两款电脑游戏你更喜欢哪一这两款电脑游戏你更喜欢哪一款？款？实际上两款游戏我都不喜欢。实际上两款游戏我都不喜欢。either与与not连用，表示两者连用，表示两者都不，也可用都不，也可用I like neither of them；both与与not连用表示部分否定，连用表示部分否定，意为意为“并不是两款都喜欢并不是两款都喜欢”。none表示三者或三者以上的全部否表示三者或三者以上的全部否定。定。答案答案B
