1、Great scientistsUnit 1PART 1语法导学PART 2达标检测Period FourGrammarThe Past Participle(1)as the Attribute and PredicativePART 1语法导学感悟规律 重点难点剖析感知以下课文原句，补全方框下的小题感知以下课文原句，补全方框下的小题语法感知1.But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.2.He became interested in two theorie
2、s that possibly explained how cholera killed people.3.From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person died.4.He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London.5.Nicolaus Copernicus was frightened and his mind was confused.6.He placed a f
3、ixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth.1.以上句子中，句以上句子中，句3和句和句6中为单个的过去分词作定语，常常放于被修饰名词中为单个的过去分词作定语，常常放于被修饰名词的的 ；句；句1和句和句4中为过去分词短语作定语，常常放于被修饰名词的中为过去分词短语作定语，常常放于被修饰名词的 。2.句句2和句和句5中的过去分词在句中作中的过去分词在句中作 。查看答案前面前面后面后面表语表语一、过去分词
4、作定语一、过去分词作定语1.意义：及物动词的过去分词作定语往往表示被动和完成；不及物动词的过意义：及物动词的过去分词作定语往往表示被动和完成；不及物动词的过去分词作定语不表示被动，只表示完成。去分词作定语不表示被动，只表示完成。(1)表示被动和完成表示被动和完成a polluted river一条被污染的河流一条被污染的河流the watered flowers浇过水的花浇过水的花(2)只表示完成，不表示被动只表示完成，不表示被动fallen leaves落叶落叶the risen sun升起的太阳升起的太阳语法精析2.位置：单个的过去分词作定语时，通常放在被修饰词的前面；过去分词短位置：单个
5、的过去分词作定语时，通常放在被修饰词的前面；过去分词短语作定语时，通常放在被修饰词的后面，其作用相当于一个定语从句。语作定语时，通常放在被修饰词的后面，其作用相当于一个定语从句。The student dressed in white is my daughter.The student who is dressed in white is my daughter.穿白色衣服的那个学生是我女儿。穿白色衣服的那个学生是我女儿。注意：注意：过去分词作定语和现在分词作定语的区别：过去分词作定语和现在分词作定语的区别：(1)语态不同：现在分词表示主动；过去分词表示被动。语态不同：现在分词表示主动；过去
6、分词表示被动。The question discussed was very important.讨论过的那个问题很重要。讨论过的那个问题很重要。The house standing at the corner of the street was built in 2016.矗立在街道角落的那所房子是矗立在街道角落的那所房子是2016年建的。年建的。(2)时间关系上不同：现在分词表示动作正在进行；过去分词表示动作已经完成。时间关系上不同：现在分词表示动作正在进行；过去分词表示动作已经完成。the changing world变化着的世界变化着的世界the changed world改变了的世界
7、改变了的世界boiling water沸腾的水沸腾的水boiled water开水开水developing countries发展中国家发展中国家developed countries发达国家发达国家2.过去分词过去分词(done)、现在分词的被动语态、现在分词的被动语态(being done)与动词不定式的被动语与动词不定式的被动语态态(to be done)作定语的区别作定语的区别意义意义形式形式语态语态时态时态done被动被动完成完成being done被动被动进行进行to be done被动被动尚未发生尚未发生The building built last year is our cl
8、assroom building.去年建造的楼是我们的教学楼。去年建造的楼是我们的教学楼。The building being built now is our classroom building.现在正在建造的楼是我们的教学楼。现在正在建造的楼是我们的教学楼。The building to be built next month is our classroom building.下个月将要建造的楼是我们的教学楼。下个月将要建造的楼是我们的教学楼。二、过去分词作表语二、过去分词作表语1.意义：用在系动词后面，构成系表结构，表示主语所处的状态。意义：用在系动词后面，构成系表结构，表示主语所处
9、的状态。She looked disappointed.她看上去很失望。她看上去很失望。We were encouraged at the news.听到这个消息我们很受鼓舞。听到这个消息我们很受鼓舞。2.过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状态。这一结构从形式上与被动语态相同，过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状态。这一结构从形式上与被动语态相同，但被动语态强调主语所承受的动作。试比较：但被动语态强调主语所承受的动作。试比较：The book is well written.这本书写得好。这本书写得好。The book was written by a soldier.这本书是由一位士兵写的。这本书是由一
10、位士兵写的。3.感觉类及物动词的现在分词与过去分词作表语的区别。感觉类及物动词的现在分词与过去分词作表语的区别。英语中有很多与感觉有关的及物动词，其现在分词表示主动意义，即英语中有很多与感觉有关的及物动词，其现在分词表示主动意义，即“令人令人有某种感觉的有某种感觉的”，多用来修饰物；其过去分词含有被动意义，即，多用来修饰物；其过去分词含有被动意义，即“人被引起人被引起某种感觉的某种感觉的”，多用来指人、人的声音、笑容或表情等。常用的这类词有：，多用来指人、人的声音、笑容或表情等。常用的这类词有：surprising令人吃惊的令人吃惊的surprised感到吃惊的感到吃惊的discouragin
11、g令人泄气的令人泄气的discouraged泄气的泄气的We were surprised at what he said at the meeting.我们对他在会上讲的话很是惊讶。我们对他在会上讲的话很是惊讶。His words were discouraging，which made many people discouraged.他的话令人泄气，使得很多人灰心丧气。他的话令人泄气，使得很多人灰心丧气。单句语法填空单句语法填空1.I quickly lower myself，ducking my head to avoid looking directly into his eyes s
12、o he doesnt feel (challenge).(2018全国全国)2.Jim has retired，but he still remembers the happy time (spend)with his students.(2017北京北京)3.I was the first Western TV reporter (permit)to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.(2016全国全国)4.To return to the problem of water p
13、ollution，Id like you to look at a study (conduct)in Australia in 2012.(2016浙江浙江)高考链接challenged查看答案spentpermittedconducted5.In art criticism，you must assume the artist has a secret message _(hide)within the work.(2016江苏江苏)6.Do you find yourself getting impatient or (annoy)with people over unimportant
14、 things？(2016上海上海)查看答案hiddenannoyedPART 2达标检测当堂检测 基础达标演练1.When I entered his room，he was (bury)in his books.2.Some of the people (invite)to the party couldnt come.3.He is talking with a man (call)Mr Wang.4.He was (discourage)when he heard his mothers words.5.The cars (sell)at the market now are made
15、 in Guangzhou.6.Tsinghua University,(found)in 1911，is home to a great number of outstanding figures.单句语法填空单句语法填空查看答案buriedinvitedcalleddiscouragedbeing soldfounded7.The three guns (steal)from the police station were found in the house.8.The museum,(locate)next to the Wuzhen scenic spot，covers an are
16、a of 5,000 square meters.9.In 2011，a film，Soul Surfer,(base)on her experiences，was released and made a hit immediately.10.The cart got (stick)in the mud，but the farmer made no effort to get it out.查看答案stolenlocatedbasedstuck11.Prices of goods buying through a computer can be lower than some store pr
17、ices.12.At last，the puzzling father came to the small school.13.Tom was very surprising when he heard the news.14.He told me the news in an exciting voice that day.15.Most of us liked the film directing by a young director.单句改错单句改错(每小题仅有每小题仅有1处错误处错误)查看答案boughtpuzzledsurprisedexciteddirected16.A thie
18、f stole the goat tied to the tree.A thief stole the goat to the tree.17.Father beat the son who was lost in the online games.Father beat the son in the online games.18.This project，which was designed by the Chinese engineers，was constructed in only two years.This project，the Chinese engineers，was co
19、nstructed in only two years.查看答案.句型转换句型转换whichwastiedlostdesignedby19.The castle，which was burnt down in the sixteenth century，was never rebuilt.The castle，in the sixteenth century，was never rebuilt.20.The meeting held yesterday is very important.The meeting yesterday is very important.查看答案burnt downwhich/that washeld
