1、2020 届高考英语【地市名校好题必刷】百日冲刺：阅读理解 （1） （安徽省（安徽省江淮十校江淮十校 2020 届高三第二次联考届高三第二次联考）阅读下列短文，从所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D） 中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将选项涂黑。 A In addition to being open to opposite opinions, here are some techniques that could help broaden the way you think. Respect Difference The mere presence of individuals from differ
2、ent backgrounds with different points of view in your everyday life creates an atmosphere in which people can better respond to change. Change Environments A change in your everyday life may provide the force needed to change the direction of your thinking. For some people, small changes might help
3、reorganize your desk or take a new route to work, whereas for others, more adjustments are required. Shirt into Positivity Unlike negative emotions that bring about specific reactions, positive emotions prompt us to broaden our attention, explore our environment, and open ourselves to absorbing info
4、rmation. Take a few moments to think about the things in your life that are going well and for which you are grateful; this will automatically brighten your mood- and free your brain. Look as if Youve Never Seen A Zen Buddhist concept for approaching even routine situations as if you were encounteri
5、ng them for the first time, beginners mind allows you to remain open to new experiences despite any expertise you may have. For instance, when you brush your teeth, take a moment to look at the toothbrush as if youve never laid eyes on such an object and notice its color and shape. Think about the f
6、lavor of the toothpaste and notice how your mouth feels as you move the brush back and forth. 21. What may be the benefit of small changes in life? A. Reducing ones workload. B. Focusing ones attention. C. Leading to adjustments. D. Better responding to changes. 22. How can you find something new in
7、 routine situation? A. By shifting into positivity. B. By respecting difference. C. By changing environments. D. By looking as if youve never seen. 23. Whats the purpose of the article? A. To introduce skills of broadening ones thinking. B. To compare the attitudes to thinking. C. To give advice on
8、thinking positively. D. To explain the reasons for being open. 21. C 本题考查段落细节理解。文本第三段可以获取题干关键词“人生中小变化的益处”的相关信息为 “small changes might help reorganize your desk or take a new route to work, whereas for others, more adjustments are required.”故答案为 C。 22. D 本题考查细节理解。文本第五段重点阐述题干关键词“如何在熟悉的环境中获得新鲜感。”相关文 本依据
9、为 “A Zen Buddhist concept for approaching even routine situations as if you were encountering them for the first time, beginners mind allows you to remain open to new experiences despite any expertise you may have”，故答案为 D。 23. A 本题考查主旨大意。通过理解文章第一段可以了解文章写作意图为指导读者如何开拓思维，同时各 段落的副标题为各种具体的方式，故文章主旨为提多方面建议
10、，故答案为 A。 B Avoiding the worst effects of climate change will require action. But its hard to take action when you dont even know theres a problem. Around the world, only half of adults understand that humans are causing climate change through activities that produce greenhouse gases. But the picture
11、 is different for kids. Previous work has shown that children are more engaged and more knowledgeable than adults are about climate change. The question is, can we harness this to make a difference? We had come across this idea that kids are capable of influencing their parents. And when we say infl
12、uence, we really mean just teaching them. said Daniella Lawson, a social scientist at NC State University. Thats what we set out to really investigate: can we design things in such a way that kids are able to teach their parents about climate change. A parent is willing and able to listen to their c
13、hildren speaking to them instead of just an adult on the street or a different climate communicator. To test the idea, Lawson set up a wildlife- based climate course for kids. This approach was based on previous courses, but the team added a twist: involving the parents. First, parents were invited
14、to come along to an event that formed a part of the course. And thats not all. So we also had students interview their parents. And this interview never mentioned climate change specifically. But it had questions like: how have you seen the weather change over the last five to ten years? Do you beli
15、eve the sea level is rising? How do you think that could impact our communities? The study showed that the course did indeed increase concern about climate change: not just among the kids, but their parents too. And there were some surprising findings in the results. These findings come at a time wh
16、en more kids are becoming climate activists. And Lawson says that her study shows just how persuasive young peoples voices can be. 24. What does the underlined word harness in paragraph one refer to? A. Adopt. B. Accumulate. C. Review. D. Control. 25. What can be learned from the first paragraph? A.
17、 Effective actions have been taken to deal with climate change. B. Most adults have realized the climate damages caused by themselves. C. Children better adults in the area of climate change and its effects. D. Adults and children will cooperate to deal with climate change. 26. About climate change
18、teaching, which one will Daniella Lawson most probably agree with? A. Kids can be taught by adults. B. Adults can learn from the kids. C. Climate communicators are more professional. D. Parents are more likely to consult street adults. 27. What can be learned about the course? A. The course involved
19、 is completely new. B. Interviews and questionnaires are necessary in the course. C. Adults and kids study separately during the course. D. The course is relatively effective in climate education. 24. A 本题考查词义猜测。结合文章第一段可以得知孩子比成人更了解环境保护相关信息，以及第二段首 句孩子可以影响家长，甚至可以教育家长，可以推断出划线处单词所在句意为“利用”，故答案为 A。 25. C
20、本题考查段落细节理解。A 项出处为第一段第一句，原句意思为有效措施尚未实施，故 A 项排除； B 项出处为第一段第三句，原句意思为只有半数成人意识到环境问题，故 B 项排除；D 项信息在第 一段中未提及，故排除，而 C 项含义与第一段第五句完全相符，故答案为 C。 26. B 本题考查细节理解。四个答案出处为文章第二段、第三段。第二段重点指出可以尝试让孩子教育家 长环境问题，第三段介绍了实验的具体流程，更是验证了孩子教育家长的可行性，并指出家长对孩 子的绝对信任，两段皆未提及 climate communicator 的专业性，故答案为 B。 27. D 本题考查细节理解。答案出处为文章第三段
21、、第四段。A 项依据为第三段第二句，原文意思为实验 是建立在以往课程的基础上，故 A 项排除；B 项依据为第三段第五句，原文意思为会采用访谈法， 未提及问卷，故 B 项排除；C 项依据为第三段第三句与第五句，原文意思为家长会参与孩子们的课 程活动，包括接受访谈，故 C 项排除；而 D 项出处为第四段第一句，第二句，原文意思为课程实验 的确引起大众对环境问题的关注，既包括成人也包括孩子，故答案为 D。 C It was New Years night. An aged man was standing at a window. Few more hopeless people than hims
22、elf now moved towards their certain goal- the tomb. He had already passed sixty of the age leading to it, and he had brought from his journey nothing but errors and regrets. The days of his youth appeared like dreams before him, and he recalled the serious moment when his father placed him at the en
23、trances of the two roads. One leading to a peaceful, sunny place covered with flowers and fruits; the other leading to a deep dark cave which was endless. He looked towards the sky and cried painfully, Oh youth, return! Oh, my father, place me once more at the entrance to life. But both his father a
24、nd the days of his youth had passed away. He saw the lights flowing away in the darkness，and these were the days of his wasted life; he saw a star fall from the sky and disappear, and this was the symbol of himself. Then he remembered his friends in his childhood, who entered life together with him.
25、 But they had made their way to success and were then honored and happy on that New Years night. The clock in the high church tower struck and the sound made him remember his parents. They had taught him and prayed to God for his good. But he chose the wrong way with shame and grief. He dared no lon
26、ger to look towards the heaven where his parents lived. He burst out a cry: Come back, my early days!And his youth did return, for all this was only a dream on New Years night. He was still young though his faults were real. He had not yet entered the deep dark eave, and he was still free to walk on
27、 the road which leads to the peaceful and sunny land. 28. Which of the following words can best describe the aged man? A. Confident. B. Selfless. C. Regretful. D. Fortunate. 29. What can we learn from Para3? A. The mans friends missed their youth. B. The mans friends suffered failure finally. C. The
28、 man wasted his life at one time. D. The man was lonely in his childhood. 30. What can be inferred from the text? A. The old man didnt take his fathers advice. B. The old man was enjoying his journey. C. The old mans father accompanied him during the journey. D. The old man was like lights in the da
29、rkness. 31. What is the best title for the text? A. A Special New Years Night B. An Old Mans Hesitation C. Youth Coming Back D. Two Roads to Take 28. C 本题考查推理判断。 答案依据为第一段最后一句， “He had already passed sixty of the age leading to it, and he had brought from his journey nothing but errors and regrets.”，
30、故答案为 C。 29. C 本题考查细节理解。A 项，B 项依据为第三段第四句，原文意思为晚年朋友们很成功与满足，故 A 项、B 项排除；D 项依据为第三段第三句，原文意思为老人早年有朋友相伴，故 D 项排除；而 C 项 依据为第三段第一句，原文意思为天空坠落的星辰意味着他曾经浪费的光阴，选项含义与之相符， 故答案为 C。 30. A 本题考查细节理解。B 项依据为第一段最后一句，原文意思为这段旅程充满着悔恨，故 B 项排除； C 项依据为第四段第一句和第四句，原文意思为老人的父母已不在人世，故 C 项排除；D 项依据为 第三段第一句， 原文意思为浪费的时光如黑夜中的星星， 故排除 D 项；
31、A 项依据为第二段与第四段， 第二段指出老人父母早期为他指明了两条不同的人生之路，第四段第二句表明父母期望他选择那条 成功之路而老人未曾选择，故 A 项为正确选项。 31. D 本题考查主旨大意。 road 是本文关键词。 文章第二段第二句“He recalled the serious moments when his father placed him at the entrances of the two roads. ”，文章第四段第三句“But he chose the wrong way”，文章第四段最后一句“He was still free to walk on the roa
32、d which leads to the peaceful and sunny land. ”都有所体现，故答案为 D。 D The English- language version of Wikipedia has almost six million articles. And if youre a cheating student, thats six million essays already written for you. But plagiarism (剽窃) isnt really an effective wayjust type the text into a sear
33、ch engine and the game is over. Then what about having a ghostwriter compose your final essay? Standard plagiarism software cannot detect this kind of cheating. said Stephan Lorenzen, a data analyst at the University of Copenhagen. In Denmark, where hes based, ghostwriting is a growing problem at hi
34、gh schools. So Lorenzen and his colleagues created a program called Ghostwriter that can detect the cheats. At its central part is a neural (神经的) network trained and tested on 130,000 real essays from 10,000 Danish students. After reading through tens of thousands of essays labeled as being written
35、by the same author or not, the machine taught itself to tune into the characteristics that might tip off cheating. For example, did a students essays share the same styles of punctuation? The same spelling mistakes? By examining inconsistencies like those, Ghostwriter was able to seek out a cheated
36、essay nearly 90 percent of the time. The team presented the results at the European Meeting on Artificial Neural Networks, Computational Intelligence and Machine Learning. Theres one more aspect here that could help students. Your high school essays probably get better over time as you learn to writ
37、e- and the machine can detect that. The final idea is to detect students who are at risk because their development in writing style isnt as youd expect. Teachers could thus give extra help to kids who really need it, while sniffing out the cheaters too. 32. What can be true about a cheating student
38、trying to finish an essay? A. His cheating may be detected in a certain way. B. Essays offered by WikiPedia cant be downloaded. C. He wont hire a ghostwriter to write one for himself. D. Ghost cheating can be detected by Standard plagiarism software. 33. Which aspect of the program Ghostwriter is ta
39、lked about in Para. 3? A. Its components. B. Its weaknesses. C. Its influences. D. Its working theory. 34. Which one of the following is the function of Ghostwriter ? A. It never fails to find out a cheated essay. B. It can detect a students progress in writing. C. It can guide a student to correct
40、his writing style. D. It relieves teachers of giving extra help. 35. Where is the text most likely from? A. A guidebook. B. A magazine. C. A novel. D. A diary. 32. A 本题考查细节理解。A 项出处为第一段第二句，原文意思为作弊通过在网络平台输入文章关键词可 以被察觉，故为正确选项。B 项出处为第一段第一句，原文意思为你可以参看维基提供的文章，但 未指出不能下载，故 B 项排除；C 项依据为第一段最后一句，意思为你可以雇位撰文人，未表
41、明你 拒绝雇佣，故 C 项排除。D 项依据为第二段第一句，原句意思为传统意义上的反抄袭软件无法鉴定 论文抄袭现象，故 D 项排除。 33. D 本题考查概括推理。第三段着重介绍软件中储存了一定数量的文章，同时根据数据库中同一作者的 多篇文章的统一风格来鉴定作者是否有作弊之嫌，达到软件的鉴别功能的目的，重点阐明软件如何 工作，故答案为 D。 34. B 本题考查细节理解。A 项出处为第四段第一句，原文意思为“Ghostwriter”有百分之九十的可能会 发现抄袭的文章，故 A 项排除；C 项的出处为第四段最后一句，原文意思为软件发现学生写作存在 问题，教师适时给予帮助，故 C 项排除；D 项出处
42、为第四段最后两句，原文意思为教师要给予学生 帮助而不是置身事外，故 D 项排除。B 项答案出处为第四段第三句，原文意思为“Ghostwriter”可 以发现作者写作水平的提升，故 B 项为正确选项。 35. B 本题考查文章出处。本文重点介绍新款反抄袭软件为一篇科普类说明文。A 项为指南，B 项为杂志， C 项为小说，D 项为日记，故答案为 B。 （2） （山东省 2020 届决胜新高考名校交流十一月联考卷）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Looking for somewhere to go during the months of Decembe
43、r, January and February? From snow- capped ski resorts to sunny islands, these are the hottest travel destinations to visit this winter. St. Lucia Longing for a tropical （热带的）getaway? Set your sights on St. Lucia. With Kayak reporting a 197 percent surge （激增）in interest, this Eastern Caribbean islan
44、d nation is on the verge of blowing up. Which shouldnt be a shock given that it delivers a mix of volcanic coastline, lush rainforests, dramatic mountains, coral reefs, and high- end resorts. Simply put： whether youre seeking romance or adventure, youll find it in St. Lucia. Mexico City, Mexico With
45、 mouth- watering food, fashionable hotels, superb shopping, and tons of historic sites, Mexico City is definitely one to add to your list for the upcoming winter season. Since its a major international airport, you can usually score flight deals. New York City While theres no bad month to experience
46、 the Big Apple, the frosty season is particularly magical. Guess thats why New York City ranks among the most searched winter travel destinations, according to Expedia. The most cherished attractions? The ice skating rink（溜冰场）at Rockefeller Center and sledding in Central Park. Paris Many people freq
47、uent Paris in spring and summer, reveals Hudson. The trade- off for picture- perfect weather? Long lines at museums, plus a Metro chock- full of map- toting tourists. Based on Expedia data, the cheapest month to go to Paris is February. Our advice? Pack your most fashionable raincoat and let the win
48、ter sadness fade away in the City of Light. 21 .Where will you go if you long for a risky trip? A. St. Lucia. B. Mexico City, Mexico. C. New York City. D. Paris. 22. What is special about Mexico City? A. Its weather is always great. B. It often offers discounted air tickets. C. It provides magical e
49、xperience in winter. D. It is the most searched winter travel destination. 23 What can we learn about Paris? A. It is a fashionable city. B. Its climate is quite perfect. C. Its winter sports are attractive. D. It is a popular tourist destination in spring. B In 2011, during his freshman year at the University of Maryland, Simon was struck by how much food was thrown away in the college cafeteria. “ I was shocked to see someone buy a full sandwich, eat half of it, and throw the other
