1、Unit 5First aid the most beautiful woman teacherWarming up Do you know the lady?Have you heard of her story?Do you admire her brave behavior?If you were on the spot,what could you do to help her?a temporary form of helpShe was burned by hot water.Pre-reading The scene is very common in our life.What
2、 happened to the girl?Before the girl is sent to hospital,what kind of first aid could her mother give to her?_ the types of burns_ what to do if someone gets burned_ the functions of skin_ the symptoms of burns_ how we get burns35142 Fast ReadingWhile-readingThe layers(层)of skin:The third layerThe
3、second layerThe top layerthreeCareful readingIt keeps you _ or _.It prevents your body _.It is where you feel _.It gives you your _.warmcoolfrom losing watersense of touchcold,heat or painWhat are the functions of skin?Causes of burnssteamfirethe sun H2SO4chemicalradiationelectricityTypes and charac
4、teristics of burns1.How many types of burns are there?2.In each type,which layer of skin is affected?3.Which type of burns is it in each picture?6 steps about first aid treatment for burnsclothsbandagevictimclothingburnsburned areaRemove Cool Place DryCover Getscissors(剪刀)wet bandagedry bandagecool
5、waterclean clothsointment(药膏)clean bandage（绷带）icy waterwarm wateroilcold waterThe suitable things in first aid treatment of burnsfirst aid treatment of burnsWhy should you put cold water on a burn?Why cant you put ointment,oil or butter on burns?QuestionsBecause the cold water stops the burning proc
6、ess,stops the pain and reduces the swelling.Because they keep the heat in the wounds and may cause infection.If burns are on arms or legs,what should the victim do?If burns are on the face,what should the victim do?If burns are on arms or legs,keep them higher than the heart.If burns are on the face
7、,the victim should sit up.First aid for burnsSkin acts as a 2 against disease,poisons and the suns harmful rays.Hot liquids,steam,and so on can 3 burns.First degree burns affect the 4 layer of the skin.5 degree burns are very painful.Third degree burns have little or no pain because 6 are damaged.Cl
8、othes and jewellery near burns should be removed because bacteria from them could8 the burns.Its better to put 9 water on the first and second burns for ten minutes.Use a dry and clean 10 to cover the burned area.BurnsbarriercausetopSecondnervesinfectcoldbandageThe 1 of skin7 for burnsfunctionsTreat
9、mentPost-readingSituations 1.Tom has an asthma(哮喘哮喘),but he doesnt have his medicine.Youd better:A.Get him a cup of coffee.B.Take him outside for fresh air.Situations 2.When you have a nosebleed,what should you do?Use your body language to act it out.Situations 3.For not serious cuts,w _ the area of
10、 cut,d _ it and c _ it with a b _ or a piece of dry and clean cloth.Situations 4.What could you do to save a drowning person?Please act it out.Situations 5.How to treat Sprained Ankle?Choose the right answers to fill in the blanks.Act it out.First-have the victim_1_ and _2_ the foot.Second-_3_around
11、 the foot and ankle.Third-_4_ on the ankle to reduce the swelling.(put an ice pack,sit down,put a bandage,raise)1.aid n.&vi.帮助；援助；资助vt.&n.帮助;援助;救助 They aided flood victims.他们援助遭受水灾的灾民。They aided in solving the problem.他们帮忙解决这个问题。Language points常用结构:first aid 急救aid sb.帮助某人aid sb.with sth.帮助某人(做)某事in
12、aid of 支持;为筹措aid sb.in(doing)sth.在方面帮助某人联想拓展表示一般意义的“帮助”或“援助”时，aid 是不可数名词；表示具体意义的“助手”、“辅助用品”时，aid是可数名词。如：A dictionary is an important aid in learning a new language.(字典是学习一种新语言的重要工具)。用作动词时，搭配为aid sb.to do sth.帮助某人（做）某事(其中的 to 不可省略)，也可用于 aid sb.in doing sth.帮助某人(做)某事。易混辨析 aid/help/assistanceaid 表示经济或其
13、他方面给予的帮助或援助，多指强者(或足够者)援助弱者，多用于团体。help 指给人精神或物质上的帮助，强调受助者的需要，有利于达到一定的目的或目标。assistance 多指个人给予道义、知识、物质等方面的帮助，所提供的帮助往往只起辅助作用。高手过招单句改错 The family lived on government aids for two years.We may travel on/under the aid of a good map.Weve aided him finish the work ahead of time.答案：aidsaid on/underwith finish
14、to finish或in finishing2.injuryn.损伤；伤害 Many common injuries happen every day in the home.家庭中每天都有许多常见的意外伤害。常用结构:do sb.an injury 伤害某人be an injury to sb./sth.伤害；危害某人/某事escape injury 免受伤害 repair injury 赔偿损害serioussevere injuries 重伤a slight injury 轻伤In the crash he suffered severe injuries to the head and
15、 arms.在事故中他头部和双臂受了重伤。易混辨析 injure/wound/hurtinjure指人在意外事故中受到的伤害,用于无生命物体的损坏，更多用于表示对人的某个部位的损伤。wound 指利器或子弹对肉体造成的伤害。是出血的、严重的伤，特指战场上的受伤。也指感情受伤。hurt 指的伤害与injure 同样严重，也可指较轻的疼痛，常指因不小心而引起的痛苦或意外地受到伤害。hurt 也可指对人的感情的伤害。Your remark may injure her pride.你的话也许会伤她的自尊。Blood gushed from his wound.血从他的伤口涌出。Hurt other
16、people,hurt yourself.害人害己。高手过招选词填空(injure/hurt/wound)Ten soldiers were killed and thirty serious .He was deeply _ by her dishonesty.I _ my back lifting that box.In the traffic accident ten were killed and eight were _ .She felt _ at your words.The bullet _ him in the shoulder.答案：wounded hurt hurt in
17、jured hurt wounded3.situationn.形势;处境;事态;局面;位置situation/state/conditionsituation指一定时期内总的情况、形势、事态，亦可指国际、国内形势，是可数名词。state用单数形式表示人或事物的情况及状况，如外貌、心理、外观等方面，可与不定冠词连用，常用于in a state of或in a.state。condition的单数形式表示人或物本身的状况，在这个意思上与state相近；而复数形式则指事物之外的环境与情况，与circumstances意思相近。When he later grew to dislike Eliza,h
18、e faced a difficult situation.当他接下来对伊丽莎的讨厌与日俱增的时候，他陷入了一种困难的境地。After that I give the students various situations and they make up sentences about them.从那以后，我提供给学生各种各样的情境，他们依照这些情境造句。His business is in a good state.他的生意很好。The condition of the house was so bad that nothing could make it safe to live in.
19、房屋的条件太差了以至于不能安全地住在里面。温馨提示 situation与condition,occasion,point,case一样，后常用where,in which引导定语从句。Can you imagine a situation where/in which you can use the word?你能想像出可以使用这个单词的语境吗？高手过招用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空 Hes got himself into a dangerous situation _he is likely to lose control over the plane.I can t think of t
20、he situation_ I meet my father.They have to think of a good idea to cope with the situation _ they face.答案：where where that/which4.damage vt.&n.损害；毁坏易混辨析 ruin/destroy/damageruin强调毁灭的彻底性，并且是一次性的行动。这种毁灭也许力量不是很大，但其严重性却使其不能修复,它强调的是毁坏的长期结果。destroy指通过某种有力的或粗暴的手段使之毁灭或无用，一般不能或很难修复，有时用于比喻意义。damage则指对价值和功能的破坏
21、，多用于无生命的东西，一般还可以修复。The house across the street is in ruins.街道对面的房子已是一片废墟。The earthquake destroyed a lot of buildings.地震毁坏了许多楼房。The bridge was damaged by the flood.那座桥梁被洪水损坏了。温馨提示destroy只能用作动词，而ruin和damage既能用作动词又能用作名词。高手过招An earthquake struck this area,_ a lot of damage.A.making B.causing C.done D.Ca
22、used解析:选B。make与damage不能搭配使用；“造成损失、损害”用do/cause damage；此处的动词与前面的句子构成逻辑上的主谓关系，所以需用现在分词作结果状语。5.present n.礼物；目前adj.在场;出席;当前的v.颁发;授予;赠给常用结构：be present at 出席the present day=today 今天at presentat the present timenow 现在for the present=for the time being 暂时 the present 现在(相当于名词)present sb.with sth=present sth
23、.to sb.把某物送给某人presentday attitudes/fashion现在的态度/流行款式联想拓展 present作动词，表示“给予，赠送”之意，常用于present sth.to sb.或present sb.with sth.搭配中，此外，present作动词还有“呈现，显示；阐述，表达；引见”等意思。作形容词既可作前置修饰语，也可作表语，常意为“现存的；现在的；在场的；出席的”等。作不可数名词时，表示区别于过去或将来的“现在”；作可数名词时，意为“礼物”。The same problem presented itself to her again.同样的问题又在她身上出现。
24、He presented the school with a check for one million dollars.他赠予学校一张一百万美元的支票。May I present you to my husband?我可以把您介绍给我丈夫吗?We learn from the past,experience the present and hope for success in the future.我们学习过去，体验现在，希望成就未来。I got many presents for my birthday.我收到很多生日礼物。高手过招There are plenty of jobs in
25、the western part of the country.A.Present B.available C.Precious D.convenientAll the people at the party were all his supporters.A.Present B.thankful C.Interested D.Important解析:选B。present在场的；available可用的;可得到的;precious珍贵的;convenient方便的。根据句意,应选B。选A。(be)present at意为“出席、在场”，符合句意。重点短语6.fall ill 生病Hearing
26、 the bad news,he fell ill.听到坏消息后，他病了。联想拓展fall behind 落后fall sick 生病fall asleep 入睡fall down 掉下；倒塌fall in love with.爱上fall off 脱落；减少；从上掉下 fall into the habit of.养成的习惯fall over 跌倒；翻倒；落到上fall silent 沉默 高手过招完成句子 不久后他就病倒了，而且一病不起。He _ soon after and did not recover.形势严峻，不进则退。Given the pressing situation,we
27、 must move forward,or we will _.这家报纸的发行量开始锐减。The circulation of the newspaper began to_ sharply.答案：fell ill fall behind fall off7.in place在适当的位置；适当 I like everything to be in place.我喜欢所有的东西都放在原来的地方。With everything in place,she started the slide show.一切就绪，她开始放幻灯片。联想拓展be in/out of order 有条理/无条理；坏了be i
28、n/out of control 正常/失控be in/out of danger 有危险/脱离危险in place of.take the place of.代替；取代give place to 被取代；让位于out of place 不在适当的位置；不合适 高手过招(1)单项填空His efforts to raise money for his program were because no one showed any intention to take a cent out of their pockets.A.in place B.in sight C.in effect D.in
29、 vain(2)完成句子 你可以用木柴来取代煤。You can use wood _ coal.棉花要取代丝绸。Cotton is _ silk.你的提议很恰当。Your proposal is quite _.解析:(1)选D。考查介词短语。根据下文“no one showed any intention to take a cent out of their pockets”可知,为集资做出的努力都白费了，故选in vain(白费力)。in place在适当位置;in sight 在视线内;in effect 实际上。(2)in place of taking the place of i
30、n place8.make a difference有很大差别；有很大不同；有很大的关系/影响 Whether he could get the support from his parents made a great difference to the plan.他是否能得到父母的支持对这个计划的影响很大。Does it any difference whether hell attend the meeting?他出不出席会议有什么区别吗？联想拓展make a difference between.and.区别对待make some difference to对 有些关系make no
31、difference to 对没有关系make all the difference 关系重大；大不相同 高手过招翻译句子 这次旅行对他以后的人生很有影响。让警察知道一些证据关系重大。答案：The travel made a difference to his later life.It makes all the difference to inform the policemen of some evidence.重点句型9.Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn.除非衣服粘贴在烧
32、伤面上，否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话，可以使用剪刀。unless是连词，意为“如果不，除非”。在真实条件句中，unless引导的肯定条件状语从句，可以和if.not.引导的否定状语从句互换。Unless you change your mind,I wont be able to help you.=If you dont change your mind,I won t be able to help you.除非你改变想法，否则我不能帮助你。I want you to keep working unless I tell you to stop.=I want you to keep
33、working if I dont tell you to stop.如果我没说让你停，你就得继续干。注意：unless 不可用于假想的事情，因此当if.not引导非真实条件状语从句时，一般不可改用unless。高手过招All the dishes in this menu,_ otherwise stated,will serve two to three peopleDont promise anything _ you are one hundred percent sure._you have tried it,you cant imagine how pleasant it is.解
34、析:填unless。考查状语从句的引导词。句意为：在这份菜单上的所有菜，除非另外说明，会给两到三个人食用。填unless。句意为：除非你有完全的把握，否则不要做出承诺。unless除非。填Unless。句中unless意为“如果不”,可以与if.not互换。10.John was studying in his room when he heard screaming.约翰正在房里学习，突然听到一声尖叫。此句型中when作并列连词,相当于and then,意为“正当时，就在那时，突然”。常用结构：be doing.when.正在做突然had done.when.刚做了突然be about to
35、 do.when.刚要做突然be on the point of doing sth.when.刚要做突然高手过招单项填空She had just finished her homework _ her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday.A.when B.while C.after D.sinceWe were swimming in the lake_ suddenly the storm started.A.when B.while C.until D.beforeI _ along the street lo
36、oking for a place to park when the accident _ .A.went;was occurring B.went;occurredC.was going;occurred D.was going;had occurred解析:选A。由句意可知此处when用作并列连词，意为“这时”。选A。when作连词，表示“正在这时”。句意为：我们正在湖中游泳，突然暴风雨来了。选C。主句要用过去进行时,表示当时正在路上走着；when引导的从句多用一般过去时。省略 EllipsisGrammar（一）并列句中的省略在并列句中，第二分句（或第三、第四分句）往往可以省略与前句相同
37、的成分。如：Some books are to be tasted,others(are)to be swallowed,and some few (are)to be chewed and digested.（二）简单句中的省略1省略主语1)祈使句中的主语通常被省略。如：(You)Be seated,please.2）其他省略主语多限于少数现成的说法。如：(I)Thank you for your help.（谢谢你的帮助。）(It)Doesnt matter.（没关系。）2省略主谓语或主谓语的一部分。如：(There is)No smoking.（禁止吸烟。）(Is there)Anyth
38、ing else?（还有其他事吗？）(You come)This way,please.（请这边走）。(Will you)Have a smoke?（吸支烟？）What(do you)think about a cup of tea?（来一杯怎么样？）Why（do you）not say hello to him?（为什么不和他说声再见呢？）3省略宾语。如：Do you know Miss Gao?（你认识高小姐吗？）I dont know（her）.（我不认识。）Which of them is the better choice?（他们中谁是更合适的人选？）Well,its hard to
39、 tell（it）.（哟，这很难说。）4省略表语。如：Are you thirsty?（你渴吗？）Yes,I am（thirsty）.（是的，我渴。）5同时省略几个成分。如：Are you feeling better now?（你觉得好些吗？）（I am feeling）Much better（now）.（好多了。）Have you finished your work?（你完成工作了吗？）（I have）Not（finished my work）yet.（还没有。）（I wish）Good luck（to you）！（祝你顺利！）6其他一些省略结构1）名词所有格所修饰的名词，若表示住宅、店
40、铺、教堂或上文已暗示或明确指出过的事物时，常常可以省略。如：We spent the weekend at the Blacks.2）what和how引导的感叹句中，常可省略主语it和be动词。如：What a wonderful victory（it is）for Wilma!How wonderful（it was）to be treated like a normal child,even when I was bad.3）不定式省略，单独使用不定式符号to。代替动词不定式后被省略的动词，常在be afraid,expect,forget,hope,intend,like,love,me
41、an,prefer,refuse,seem,try,wand,wish等后边。如：I asked him to see the film,but he didnt want to.在have,need,ought,be going to,used等后。如：I didnt want to go there,but I had to.在某些形容词glad,happy,pleased,delighted等后，如：Will you join in the game?Id be glad to.否定形式的省略用not to。如：Shall I go instead of him?I prefer not
42、 to.如果不定式中含有be，have，have been，通常保留be，have和have been。如：Are you a sailor?No,but I used to be.He hasnt finished yet.Well,he ought to have.（三）复合句中的省略1定语从句中作宾语的关系代词that，which，whom常可以省略；当先行词是time,reason,place时作状语的关系副词when,why,where也可以省去。如：This is the first time（when）he had trouble with the boss.2当wh-疑问词引导
43、宾语从句且后边的内容与前边重复时，可以把重复的内容省去，而保留wh-疑问词。如：Tom was sad,but I dont know why（he was sad）.3状语从句中的省略现象一般来说，省略现象多出现于下列五种状语从句中：由when,while,as,before,after,till,until,once等引导的时间状语从句；由if,unless,whether等引导的条件状语从句；由though,although,even if,whatever等引导的让步状语从句，由as，than引导的让步状语从句；由as,as if,as though 方式状语从句。上述状语从句在省略时
44、，并不是任何成分都可以省略，而是遵循一定的原则：1）当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致时，可以省略状语从句的主语和系动词be，这时从句中可出现如下结构：连词(as,as if,once)+名词Once（he was）a teacher,he now works in a government office.连词(though,whether,when)+形容词Work hard when（you are）young,or youll regret.连词(whether,as if,while)+介词短语He looked everywhere as if（he was）in search of
45、something.连词(when,while,though)+现在分词While（I was）walking along the street,I heard my name called.连词（when,if,even if,unless,once,until,than,as）+过去分词The exhibition is more interesting than（it was）expected.连词（as if,as though）+不定式He opened his lips as if（he were）to speak.注意：当从句的主语和主句的宾语一致时，间或也有这样的省略：Her
46、father told her to be careful when（she was）crossing the street.2）当从句中的主语是it，谓语动词中又含有系统动词be时，可以把it和系动词be一起省略。此时构成连词(if,unless,when,whenever)+形容词的结构。如：Unless（it is）necessary,youd better not refer to the dictionary.另外，我们还可以用so或not代替上文内容，此时可有if+so/not省略句式。Get up early tomorrow.If not（you dont get up ear
47、ly,you will miss the first bus.He may not be at home then,if so（he is not at home）,leave him a note.1.-I wont do it any more.-_?A.Why dont B.Why dont do it any more C.Why not D.Why not to2.Although _ to stop,he kept on working.A.tell B.telling C.having told D.told3.-Will you waste your time and mone
48、y on that?-Certainly _.A.I not B.dont C.not D.no4.-Mary didnt attend the lecture,did she?-Yes,she _.A.attended B.didnt attend C.didnt D.did 语法过关5.-Whats Joan doing?-_ newspap ers in the room.A.She reading B.She reads C.To read D.Reading6._ always succeed.A.Honest and clever students B.Students who h
49、onest and clever C.Honest students and clever D.Students are honest and clever7.-Can you climb that tree,my boy?-_?A.I B.Myself C.Mine D.Me8.Some people are against the plan but _ support it.A.any more B.many more C.much more D.no more9.-I ll be away on a business trip.Would you mind looking after m
50、y cat?-Not at all._.A.Ive no time B.I d rather not C.I d like to D.I d be happy to10.-Why not go and have dinner in a restaurant?-_.Its too expensive.A.Why not B.I agree C.Im afraid not D.Im sure 答案：CDCDD ADBDC如何写好急救类说明文Writing 说明主要用来描述某一事物、事由或事情的发展过程，主要分为事物说明文和事理说明文。它主要用来说明事物的特点、发展变化规律、分析前因后果，目的在于使
