1、大学英语四级考试听力讲解大学英语四级考试听力讲解四级考试新题型测试内容测试题型分值比例听力对话短对话选择8%长对话选择7%听力短文短文理解选择10%短文听写听写10%1.四级考试题型2.四级考试对话部分考点透视.对话题的题型分析 听力对话按题型分类 听力对话按听力内容的表达方式分类 按答案的摄取方式分类.对话题应试高分技巧v7.装饰维修：包括房屋装修、设备安装、检测维修等。如：W:Youve got your apartment furnished,havent you?M:Yes.I bought some used furniture at the Sunday Market.And it
2、 was a real bargain.Q:What does the man mean?v8.日常生活：包括活动安排、人际交往、购物消费等。如：M:do you still keep in touch with your parents regularly after all these years?W:Yes,of course.I call them at weekends when the rates are down fifty percent.Q:What do we learn about the woman from the conversation?1.教室:课程名称,难易程
3、度,人物关系2.图书馆:开放时间,借书,还书,丢书,续借,罚款3.功课:作业,考试,论文,结合人物心情(考察语音语调的理解)4.宿舍:方位,人物关系1.1.场景题场景题 a.a.校园校园campus 校园校园 parking regulations 停车规定停车规定canteen 餐厅餐厅club学生俱乐部学生俱乐部dining hall 食堂食堂lecture theatre 阶梯教室阶梯教室cafeteria 自助小餐厅自助小餐厅 administrating office 行政办公室行政办公室accommodation 住宿住宿laboratory/lab 实验室实验室dorm/dorm
4、itory 宿舍宿舍student union 学生会学生会roommate/housemate 室友室友 teaching building 教学楼教学楼parking lot 停车场停车场society 学生社团学生社团 Librarian/staff Catalogue(under titles/authors/subjects)目录 be due return/renew be overdue fine library card/admission card借书卡classification分类 category种类 periodical(magazines and journals)
5、定期刊物open/closed shelves开架/闭架书库Enrollment application formtuitionfaculty教职员工的总称 student freshman，sophomore，junior,senior,graduate，undergraduate，postgraduate，(graduate student）Teacherteaching assistant,lecturer讲师，associate professor副教授，professor,assistant professor助理教授，counselor辅导老师，adviser/tutor导师 Le
6、ader Dean系主任，president校长，chancellor名誉校长，principal(中学)校长，headmaster小学校长 courses required/compulsory course elective/optional course 1.hard,difficult,tough(棘手的)plicated,too fast,strong accent,not convincing,poorly designed 3.assignment:presentation paper/thesis/dissertation论文/硕士论文/博士论文 essay短论文 semina
7、r 研讨会 4.论文通需 polish,improve,revise,rewrite 5.miss class：A.sick B.miss the bus C.oversleep Test:high score,full mark,passing grade,failed score成绩 credit学分 degree：Bachelor,Master,Doctor Others:semester：midterm/final exam participation/attendance出勤 lecture老师的课 school学院 graduate school研究生院vweather forec
8、ast/reportvSunny，clear up 变晴moderate/mild/agreeable 温和的vcloudy vdrizzle/shower/downpour毛毛细雨/阵雨/大雨thunder/lightening 打雷/闪电v windy/strong wind多/强风 snowstorm暴风雪 1.1.场景题场景题 b b天气天气 wet/damp潮湿 humid潮湿 muggy /sultry 闷热的 foggy/dense/heavy fog warm up get worse unusual 不同寻常的天气 freezing cold 寒冷 severe winter
9、 vhospital/clinic,emergency room,waiting roomvdoctor,surgeon,physician/internist,oculist/eye doctor,dentist vcheck-up,symptom,flu,feel dizzy,feel chilly,vomit/nauseate vdisease:cold,flu(influenza),fever,heart attach,heart disease,Low/high blood pressure,stomachache,toothache,headache,sore throat,twi
10、sted ankle,cancervmedication,pills药丸,tablet药片,vitamin,cold cure vsee a doctor,make an appointment,injection,take ones temperature,send for a doctor,feel ones pulse,take ones blood pressure,have an operation ex1.1.场景题场景题 c c健康健康 vmake a reservation 预订vbook a table 订桌子vdessert 甜点vyogurt 酸奶vsteak 牛排vsa
11、uce 汁vcourse 一道菜/vmain course 主菜vbuffet 自助餐vsalad 沙拉veat out/dine out 出去吃vtake away外卖vmenu 1.1.场景题场景题 d d餐馆餐馆 分账Go DutchSplit the billFifty-fiftySeparate the billvB&B 家庭式酒店，Resort 度假村，check-in 登记入住，check-out 退房vKing-size，Queen-size，Twin beds，Single bed，Double room，Single room，Suite，Studio suite 公寓套房
12、，Executive room 商务房vlobby 大堂，Bellboy 行李员，Concierge 礼宾，Receptionist，Reception/Front desk，Coach 旅游大巴vReservation，Housekeeping staff，Room service 客房服务，有时特指客房送餐服务，Tip 小费，Service charge 服务费，Shuttle bus 班车vDo Not Disturb Sign/DND sign请勿打扰牌Please Make Up sign/PMU sign 请收拾房间牌1.1.场景题场景题 e e酒店酒店vCelebration；b
13、irthday；anniversary；wedding ceremony；theatre；art gallery；concert hall；museumvPerformance；opera；painting；light/classical music；exhibitionvtaste 鉴赏力；hit 轰动；hit songs 流行歌曲 Lord of the Rings Harry PottervTicket box；book/reserve ticket vHoliday；Country:France,Germany,Spain resort 度假地；scenic/beauty spot；s
14、cenery 风景，景色 ex1.1.场景题场景题 f f娱乐娱乐1.1.场景题场景题 g g求职求职vvacant position，applicant，advertisement，receptionist，assistant，job interview，interviewer，interviewee，requirement，experienced，personnel manager 人事经理，certificate，qualification，full-time job，international company 国际公司，appoint 指派，委派，Shop assistant，cash
15、ier，ask information about 询问有关的信息，job arrangements and benefits 工作安排和待遇，commission 佣金，salary 薪水，薪金，wage 工资，报酬，酬金，coffee time(15 minutes)喝咖啡的休息时间（15分钟），lunch time(1 hour)午餐时间（1个小时），fill in the from，department manager，office room，boss，job responsibilities，fire，quit/resign，annual leave，sick leave常考情况常考
16、情况1 1、找到工作高兴。、找到工作高兴。2 2、失去工作伤心。、失去工作伤心。3 3、拒绝工作令人奇怪。、拒绝工作令人奇怪。1.1.场景题场景题 i i办公室办公室Income tax个人所得税intercom内部通话系统Medical医疗保险name card holder名 片夹name card名片 office办公室paper shredder碎纸机Pay check工资支票Pay rate工 资标准Pay stub工资存根Pension医疗保险personal computer个人电脑planning document规划文件pocket calculator袖珍计算器Raise加
17、薪report报告Salary薪水typewriter打字机Wage时薪Bonuses奖金book账本cabinet文件柜cellophane tape玻璃纸、透明胶clip弹簧夹子Commissions佣金copier复印机document 公文drawer 抽屉President总裁executive高中级管理人员Executive Manager总经理Executive Vice-President执行副总裁Assistant Manager助理经理（副经理）Deputy General Manager副总经理Section/department manager部门经理,科长Sales
18、Manager销售部经理typist打字员Manager主任 office girl女勤杂员Sales Representative销售代表secretary秘书Supervisor总管1.场景题场景题 i办公室办公室Head/Branch Office总/分公司Business Office营业部Advertising Department广告部Import/Export Department进/出口部Finance/GeneralAccounting Department财会部General Affairs Department总务部Human Resources Department人力
19、资源部International Department国际部Planning Department企划部Sales Promotion Department促销部Marketing Department市场部Sales Department销售部Personnel Department人事部Public Relations Department公 共关系Purchasing Department采购部Quality Control Department品管部After-sale Service Department售后服务部Research and Development Department
20、(R&D)研发部vshop assistantvclothes T-shirt sweater pantsvsize:large,medium,smallvin fashionvgo after fashion;follow fashion;Out of fashion;out of datevprice on sale bargainvfitting room1.1.场景题场景题 g g商店商店1.1.场景题场景题 j j交通交通used 二手的heavy/light trafficspeeding 超速fine 罚款car crash 撞车behind schedule 晚点fare 车票
21、one-way ticket 单程票carriage 车厢airline 航线flight 航班economy/business class 经济舱/商务舱first class 头等舱departure/departure time（起飞时间）declare 申报board 登机订票:book a ticket 目的地:destination 单程票:one-way ticket 往返票:round-trip ticket 常考情况1.票已售完。2.接人晚点。3.送人伤感。4.航班延误，需等待。5.乘客迟到，需换票。听力对话中谈话人表达自己观点或陈述某一事实的方式多种多样,大致可分为以下六类
22、。v1.直陈表达说话人用直陈语气直接表达事实或自己的观点、态度等。说话人的真实套度或意图可以从正面理解。M:Look!The view is fantastic,could you take a picture of me with the lake as a background?W:Im afraid Ive just run out of film.Q:What so we learn from the conversation?A The woman is watching an exciting film with the man.B The woman cant take a ph
23、oto of the man.C The woman is running toward the lake.D The woman is filming the lake.听力对话按听力内容的表达方式分类v2.否定表达说话人以否定的方式表达肯定的意思，说话人的态度往往比较强烈，语气十分肯定。M:I really cant afford any more interruptions right now.Ive got to finish the assignment.W:Sorry,just one more thing,could you give me a ride to school to
24、morrow?Q:What can be inferred from the conversation?A The man will drive the woman to school.B The man has finished his assignment.C The man is willing to help the woman.D The man is losing patience with the woman.v3.祈使表达以祈使句形式表达自己的意见、建议或意愿，祈使句形式可以是肯定的也可以是否定的。M:I cant understand why Bob isnt here ye
25、t.Do you think we should try to call him or go look for him?W:He probably just got holdup in traffic.Lets give him a few more minutes.Q:What are the speakers probably going to do?A Give Bob a phone call.B Go and pick Bob up.C Go look for Bob.D Wait for Bob.v4.虚拟表达以虚拟语气的形式表达自己的态度、建议或愿望，所表达的事实意思往往与语句的
26、表面意思相反。M:Prof.Kennedy has been very busy this semester.As far as I know,he works until midnight every day.W:I wouldnt have trouble him so much if I had known he was so busy.Q:What do we learn from the conversation?A The woman has trouble getting along with the professor.B The woman regrets having ta
27、ken up much of the professor time.C The woman knows the professor has been busy.D The woman knows the professor has run into trouble.v5.重复反问对文中的主要信息词进行重复并提出反问，所表达的意见或态度往往与上下文相反。M:Lets see if the basketball game has started yet.W:Started?It must be clear who is winning by now.Q:What does the woman me
28、an?A She is sure who is going to win.B Now it is a good time to start the game.C The game has been going on for a long time.D The same team always win.v6.转折表达先说明原本的意图或情势，经but/instead/rather等转折后再说明后来的实际想法或事实结果。M:How did you like yesterdays play?W:Generally speaking,it was quite food.The part of secre
29、tary was played wonderfully,but I think the man who played the boss was too dramatic to be realistic.Q:How does the woman feel about the man?A He played his part quite well.B He was not dramatic enough.C He performed better than the secretary.D He exaggerated his part.听力对话题的答案有的可以从谈话者的原话中摄取,有的则需要对原对
30、话进行推理或综合判断,对话按照答案摄取方式为四类:v1.直摄型从对话中直接找到答案。W:Hi,George.Could you give me a ride?I want to buy some food for the picnic.M:OK.Im going home,but I can drop you at the supermarket.Q:What does the woman want to do?A Buy something for the picnic.B Go for a ride around town.C Go shopping with the man.D Have
31、 a picnic.按答案的摄取方式分类v2.解释型正确选项是对话中关键词语的同义转述。W:Is that optional course as hard as everybody says?M:Its actually even worse,believe it or not.Q:What does the man say about the course?A Its not as hard as expected.B Its too tough for some students.C Its much more difficult than people think.D Its belie
32、ved to be the hardest optional course.v3.计算型答案需经过计算得来。在多数情况下计算都和时间或价格有关。W:Heres a 10 dollar bill,give me two tickets for tonights show please.M:Sure.Two tickets and heres$1.40 change.Q:How much does one ticket cost?A$1.40.B$4.30.C$6.40.D$8.60.v4.推理型问题所需要的答案不能直接从原文中摄取，需经过推理才能得出。M:I spent so much time
33、 polishing my letter of application.W:Its worthwhile to make the effort.You know just how important it is to give a good impression.Q:What do we know about the man?A He wants to get a new position.B He is asking the woman for help.C He has left the woman a good impression.D He enjoys letter writing.
34、对话内容听不懂，没有依据来判断正确答案是听力考试中最常发生的事，遇到这种情况，我们可以用以下两个方法：v与其他三个选项无关的通常不是答案A There is no more left.B It doesnt appeal to her.C Its incredibly delicious.D She has already tasted it.v结构复杂的选项往往是答案 A The ideas of the paper are not convincing.B Some parts of the paper are not well written.C The handwriting of t
35、he paper is not good.D The paper is not complete.对话题应试高分技巧推理原则：推理原则：一般需对对话进行推理，故直接在对话中听到的一般不一般需对对话进行推理，故直接在对话中听到的一般不是正确答案是正确答案挫折原则：挫折原则：通常要办的事情都是不顺利的通常要办的事情都是不顺利的(如买东西买不到，订房如买东西买不到，订房间客满等间客满等)3.3.男女原则：男女原则：一般男生比较衰，女生比较牛。男生提出的观点女生都是一般男生比较衰，女生比较牛。男生提出的观点女生都是不同意或有不同看法的，反之女生提出的观点男生都是同意和赞赏的。不同意或有不同看法的，反之
36、女生提出的观点男生都是同意和赞赏的。男生的特征：男生的特征：脏、乱、差、浪费、穷、小气、不良习惯、迟钝、不顾脏、乱、差、浪费、穷、小气、不良习惯、迟钝、不顾家家 v女生的特征：女生的特征：爱干净、节约、富有、好学、能干、聪明、大度、耐爱干净、节约、富有、好学、能干、聪明、大度、耐心、恋家、除数理化外成绩都很好心、恋家、除数理化外成绩都很好一般规律：一般规律：v1.邀约必失败邀约必失败 2.吃饭必同意吃饭必同意 3.作业作业(考试考试)一定难一定难(对象多为男性对象多为男性)v4.房间必爆满房间必爆满(开房男，酒店女开房男，酒店女)5.父母管学习父母管学习 6.其它事情不在家其它事情不在家v7.
37、稀奇事情很少见稀奇事情很少见 8.借车：车一般是借不到的借车：车一般是借不到的v9.吃：匹萨，海鲜吃了一般会有不适反应，吃：匹萨，海鲜吃了一般会有不适反应，“派派”一般比较好吃一般比较好吃v10 论文一般比较难，或须要熬夜论文一般比较难，或须要熬夜v11.教授一般比较严厉，选修课较难较多教授一般比较严厉，选修课较难较多v12.坐车坐车(飞机、轮船飞机、轮船)：一般都需要等：一般都需要等v13.事故事故(灾难灾难)：光明原则，一般不会死人：光明原则，一般不会死人v14.听讲座：题目一般是比较有趣丰富的，内容一般是比较复杂难懂的听讲座：题目一般是比较有趣丰富的，内容一般是比较复杂难懂的v15.论文
38、：一般需要修改论文：一般需要修改(polish)或重写或重写(rewrite)v16.休闲：男生喜欢待在家里看休闲：男生喜欢待在家里看TV或者看或者看movie，女生一般喜欢高雅艺术，女生一般喜欢高雅艺术v17.医院：需要预约医院：需要预约make an appointmentv18.买票：基本上是买不到的买票：基本上是买不到的v锦囊妙计锦囊妙计1：答非所问，必有弦外之音。答非所问，必有弦外之音。v在对话中，如果在对话中，如果S1(即即Speaker 1“第一个说话第一个说话者者”)说了一般疑问句，说了一般疑问句，S2应该怎样回答呢应该怎样回答呢?v S2应该回答应该回答Yes或或No。然而，
39、在听力对话中，我。然而，在听力对话中，我们经常听到的却是们经常听到的却是yesno的变体。回答中不仅没的变体。回答中不仅没有出现有出现yes或或no，而且有时候还会用问句来回答问，而且有时候还会用问句来回答问句句!这时，出题人往往就会考查对这时，出题人往往就会考查对S2的回答的理解。的回答的理解。v 一般来说，如果一般来说，如果S2对对S1的一般疑问句不作直接的一般疑问句不作直接回答。表示回答。表示S2是一种强烈的否定态度，或者是一种是一种强烈的否定态度，或者是一种带条件的肯定态度。正确答案即可由此选定。带条件的肯定态度。正确答案即可由此选定。20076T15】A)She read only
40、part of the bookB)She is interested in reading novelsC)She seldom reads books from cover to coverD)She was eager to know what the book was about【录音】M：Hi，Susan!Have you finished reading the book Professor Johnson recommended?W：Oh，I havent read it through the way Id read a novelI just read a few chapt
41、ers which interested meQ：What does the woman mean?【解析】答案为A。如果听到了S2说的“我只读了我感兴趣的几章”，即可正确作答。如果没听清，则可从另一角度来解答本题：S1提出一个简单疑问句“Have you finished reading the book?”，s2没有直接用yes或no回答。正确选项往往表示对S1问题的否定回答或带条件的肯定回答，此处S2是有条件的肯定。四个选项中与read及the book有关的只有A项C没有提到 the book的情况。锦囊妙计锦囊妙计2 2：运用逻辑直接排除选项。运用逻辑直接排除选项。当四个选项之间存在
42、逻辑上的包含关系、排斥当四个选项之间存在逻辑上的包含关系、排斥关系或者矛盾关系时，可以尝试排除两个关系或者矛盾关系时，可以尝试排除两个(以上以上)选选项，再带着预知结果的期待听录音，往往事半功倍。项，再带着预知结果的期待听录音，往往事半功倍。本妙计适合逻辑分析能力比听力能力高的考生。本妙计适合逻辑分析能力比听力能力高的考生。正确选择正确选择-锦囊妙计锦囊妙计 【例1999-6-T9】A)The woman is driving too fast.B)The woman is driving at a low speed.C)The woman has broken a traffic rule
43、.D)The woman has parked her car in a wrong place.【录音】M:This is a one-way street.Didnt you see the sign?W：SorryI didntQ：What do we learn from the conversation?【解析】选C选项间存在包含关系，C包含A和D，可以初步排除A、D。如果B正确，问题很难提出(因为车开得很慢通常不会引起什么矛盾)，因此在没有听录音之前就可以初步判断选C。锦囊妙计锦囊妙计3 3：形态相似的选项预示答案形态相似的选项预示答案四个选项中如果只存在一组形似项，答案极可能是四
44、个选项中如果只存在一组形似项，答案极可能是其中之一。其中之一。正确选择正确选择-锦囊妙计锦囊妙计【例20066T17】A)The mall has never seen the woman before.B)The two speakers work for the same company.C)The two speakers work on the same floor.D)The woman is interested in market research.【录音】M：Nice weather，isnt it?Oh，Ive seen you around the office，but I
45、 dont think weve metI am Henry SmithI work in the Market Research SectionW：Nice to meet you,HenryI am Helen GrantI am in the Advertising Section on the ninth floorQ：What can we infer from the conversation?【解析】答案为B。只听对话，注意力很容易被seen，met干扰。但若按照形似的原则来看，B、C两项非常相似，主语都是The two speakers，谓语都是work，听之前圈定的形似项B和
46、C，只要选其一，就有50的命中率。女士说的她在九楼上班，则可排除C“两人在同一楼层上班”，这样正确答案也就手到擒来。正确选择正确选择-锦囊妙计锦囊妙计锦囊妙计锦囊妙计4 4：语义矛盾的选项预示答案。语义矛盾的选项预示答案。四个选项中如果存在一组意思相反的选四个选项中如果存在一组意思相反的选项答案极可能居于其一。项答案极可能居于其一。正确选择正确选择-锦囊妙计锦囊妙计【例2005-1-T5】A)Most students would like to work for a newspaperB)Most students find a job by reading advertisementsC)
47、Most students find it hard to get a job after they graduateD)Most students dont want jobs advertised in the newspapers【分析】B、D两项意思相反，答案很可能是其中之一。【录音】M：How do most students find a job after they graduate?W：They usually look for a job by searching the want-ads in the newspapers.Q：What does the woman mea
48、n?【解析】答案为B。对于男士所问的“大多数学生毕业后是如何找到工作的”，B和D给出了正好相反的回答。根据反义项原则给予B、D两项特别的关注后，结合by searching the want-ads in the newspapers(通过搜寻报纸上的招聘广告)印证，B项与其意思相同，答案果然不出所料。正确选择正确选择-锦囊妙计锦囊妙计对话部分的很多技巧都可以应用与短文中，基于短文听力的特点，还用特别注意以下几点：v抓住主题句，掌握文章大意v把握关键词，做好笔记v对短文听力的选项进行分析时要把握三v条原则v第一条原则：四个选项中，只有听到一个的选v项，往往就是答案v第二条原则：选项中有原词或原
49、词的同义词或近v义词的极有可能v第三条原则：表达意思完整的通常为答案3.四级考试短文听力部分v真题训练是听力应试的捷径。v听熟是听力提高的关键。v熟悉句型是听力训练的基础。v.观点、态度句。v I think Ill take the half-day tour of the city.v I dont think we can get a hotel at this time.v I suppose you would have arrived earlier.v I cant agree more.v I dont feel like going out.v Why not?v Why b
50、other?v4.听力应试综合指导v2.请求、建议句。vWould you like some fruit juice?vWhy dont we just stay at home?vYou are not supposed to be here.vWont four be wiser?v3.强调句。vBut it was he who helped me repairing my car.vI did see him at the office.vHe did take the book out of the library.vI really feel nervous when the p
