1、Unit 2Witnessing timeWord power模块九模块九Throughout history,the English language borrowed many words from other languages.What words are borrowed words and which language did they come from?Anglo-Saxon:pickNorse:liftFrench:beef,mutton,pork,baconGerman:men,oxen,feet,teeth,childrenThe Greek language has c
2、ontributed to the English vocabulary in three ways:1)directly as an immediate donor;2)indirectly through other intermediate language(s),as an original donor(mainly through Latin and French);3)modern coinages using Greek roots.Read the passage in Part A and find out the answers to the questions.1.Wha
3、t words does Greek contribute to the English language?Words related to science and sport,or used for ideas,and many everyday words.2.Why did so many scientific words come from Greek?Because the Greeks made a huge contribution to the field of science.Say out the Chinese meanings of the following borr
4、owed words.socialismsocialistsocializetelescope社会主义社会主义社会主义者社会主义者 社会主义化社会主义化望远镜望远镜tragedy comedyorchestrachoirmechanicmysterydemocracy悲剧悲剧喜剧喜剧 交响乐交响乐 歌唱队歌唱队机械师机械师 秘密秘密,神密神密民主民主borrowed words from Greeksportscienceprefixessuffixesothersmusic theatretechnologybicycletelevisionplasticanti-auto-bio-kilo
5、-micro-ism -ist -ize -phone-scopegymnasiumathletestadiummarathontheatretragedycomedymusicorchestrachorus choirpyramidmechanicmuseumoceanmysteryphotodemocracyBelow are a few words that the English language has borrowed from Chinese.kowtow to show respect by bowing ones head so low that it actually to
6、uches the groundtea a drink made by pouring hot water on the dried leaves of the tea plantketchup a sauce made from tomatoes and vinegarkung fu a Chinese martial art typhoon a tropical cyclone occurring in the western Pacific or Indian oceans wonton a Chinese dumpling filled with spiced minced pork;
7、usually served in soup Read the passage in Part C and fill in the blanks using words from Part A and Part B.Answers:(1)theatre (2)music (3)choir/chorus (4)History (5)museums (6)Geography (7)Science (8)technologyRead Part D and try to translate them into Chinese.1 心灵美胜于身材美。心灵美胜于身材美。-伊索伊索2 有道德的人更美。有道德
8、的人更美。-莎孚莎孚3 被人羡慕胜于遭人怜悯。被人羡慕胜于遭人怜悯。-泰利斯泰利斯4 不能控制自己的人不自由。不能控制自己的人不自由。-毕达哥拉斯毕达哥拉斯5 将健康的心灵保持在健康的躯体中。将健康的心灵保持在健康的躯体中。-苏格拉底苏格拉底Think about the following questions to see whether you understand these proverbs.(1)Which is more important,beauty of the mind or beauty of the body according to Aesop?(2)Do you t
9、hink that the second proverb has the same meaning as the first one?(3)Will you give some examples to show someone who is to be envied and someone who is to be pitied?(4)What does“free”mean in Pythagoras proverb“No man is free who cannot master himself.”?(5)What do you think“a healthy mind”means?Homework Review what you have learnt today.
