1、基础自主梳理考点分层突破单元能力提升Unit 4Earthquakes基础自主梳理考点分层突破当堂跟踪检测【单词回顾】分类识记 拓展运用一、基础识记词汇.填一填(基础会书写)1.n.废墟;毁灭 vt.毁灭;使破产 2.vt.破坏;毁坏;消灭 3.n.&vt.援救;营救 4.n.掩蔽;避身处 v.保护;掩蔽;躲避 5.n.&vt.损害;损失;损害赔偿金(pl.)基础自主梳理shelterdestroyruindamagerescue6.vt.使陷入困境 n.陷阱;困境 7.vt.埋葬;掩埋;隐藏 8.vi.爆裂;爆发;突然出现(过去式)(过去分词)基础自主梳理burytrapburstburst
2、burst.填一填(阅读识其义)1.canal n.2.event n.3.disaster n.4.outline n.5.headline n.6.earthquake n.7.track n.8.title n.基础自主梳理要点;大纲;轮廓事件;大事运河;水道报刊的大字标题灾难;灾祸地震轨道;足迹;痕迹标题;头衔;资格.用一用(语境推意)1.2016江苏卷 According to the Overseas Development Institute(ODI),however,just 12%of disaster-relief funding in the past two decad
3、es has gone on reducing risks in advance,rather than recovery and rebuilding afterwards.2.2018全国卷 The event celebrates its 22nd anniversary with a great show of the very best of gardening,making it one of the most popular events in gardening.基础自主梳理救灾的活动熟词生义 名词event,意为“事件;大事”;在句中意为“a planned public o
4、r social occasion(公开的、有组织的)活动”。3.2018全国卷 Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life.基础自主梳理跟踪熟词生义 track常用作名词,意为“小路;痕迹,踪迹;轨道”;在句中用作动词,意为“to follow the progress or development of sb/sth 跟踪(进
5、展情况)”。二、核心拓展词汇.填一填(掌握书写)1.vt.损害;伤害 n.伤害;受伤处 2.n.休克;打击 vt.&vi.(使)震惊 adj.震惊的 adj.令人震惊的 3.n.裁判员;法官 vt.断定;判断;判决 n.判断;评价 4.n.电;电流;电学 adj.电的;用电的 adj.发电的;与电有关的 基础自主梳理shockedinjuryinjureshockingshockjudgejudgementelectricityelectricelectrical5.n.祝贺;(复数)贺词 vt.祝贺 6.vt.使惊吓;吓唬 adj.受惊的;受恐吓的_ adj.令人恐惧的 7.vt.表示;表达
6、 n.快车;快递 n.表达 8.adj.极度的 adv.极度地 9.adv.真诚地;真挚地 adj.真诚的;真挚的 基础自主梳理frighteningcongratulatecongratulationfrightenexpressfrightenedexpressionextremeextremelysincerelysincere.用一用(境中提升)1.Anyhow,many people knew English and were (extreme)willing to speak it.2.More(shelter)for the homeless should be built in
7、 some big cities.3.I(sincere)wish you a pleasant time with us.Thank you.基础自主梳理sheltersextremelysincerely4.On seeing the scene,the little girl was so that she burst out crying.(frighten)5.2017全国卷 These chemicals come from the(injure)parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm.6.I(trap)in the heavy rai
8、n on the way to school yesterday.基础自主梳理frightenedfrighteningwas trappedinjured【记一记】词不离群基础自主梳理1.-ed型形容词和-ing型形容词聚焦“令人的”(-ing);“感到的”(-ed)。基础自主梳理2.“自然灾害”相关单词一览disaster n.灾难;不幸earthquake n.地震drought n.旱灾;干旱eruption n.(火山)喷发 hurricane n.飓风tsunami n.海啸【短语扫描】归纳积累 一网打尽.填一填(掌握书写)动词+介/副词1.dig 掘出;发现 介词+名词2.an
9、end 结束;终结 3.ruins 严重受损;破败不堪 be+形容词+介词4.be proud 以而自豪 基础自主梳理atoutinofbe+过去分词+介词5.be trapped 陷入 6.be buried 埋头于 其他7.right 立刻;马上 8.as 好像;似乎 9.think little 不重视;满不在乎 10.a(great)number 许多;大量的基础自主梳理ifininawayofof.用一用(境中提升)选用以上短语填空1.Mick wants to see you in his office(立刻).2.A young couple in a boat were eat
10、ing,talking and laughing loudly _they were the only people in the world.3.I persuaded them not to do the experiment in that way,but they _(不把当回事)my suggestion.基础自主梳理thought little ofright awayas if4.(大量的)books have been stolen from the library,havent they?Yes.The number of them is 26,000.基础自主梳理A gre
11、at number of背句型(课本这样讲)记公式(公式这样记)仿句子(高考这样考)1.In the farmyards,the chickens and even the pigs were _eat.在农家院子里,鸡,甚至猪都惶恐不安,以致不吃食。“tooto“太而不”,表示否定意义1.那辆自行车似乎太重了以至于不能控制。The bike seemed _.基础自主梳理【句式再现】攻克句型 对接高考too nervous totoo heavy to control基础自主梳理背句型(课本这样讲)记公式(公式这样记)仿句子(高考这样考)2._ the world was at an end
12、!仿佛到了世界末日!It seems as if看起来好像2.2016江苏卷书面表达 我童年的一切仿佛刚刚发生一样。It seemed as if everything in my childhood _.It seemed as ifhad just happened基础自主梳理背句型(课本这样讲)记公式(公式这样记)仿句子(高考这样考)3.lost.不是所有的希望都破灭了。部分否定 3.2016上海卷书面表达 但是,并非所有的孩子都认为父母以他们为荣。However,_ consider that their parents are proud of them.All hope was n
13、ot not all children 1 burst vi.(burst,burst)爆裂;爆发 n.突然破裂;爆发经典例句(1)教材原句P26 In the city,the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.在这个城市里,有些建筑物中的水管爆裂开来。(2)His appearance on the platform was greeted with a burst of applause.他一登台就博得了一阵热烈的掌声。考点分层突破核心词汇考点分层突破归纳拓展burst in/into 闯入;突然破门而入;突然爆发burst
14、out 突然迸发;爆发burst with anger/joy 勃然大怒/乐不可支a burst of 一阵【名师指津】(1)burst into与burst out都有“突然进入某种状态或发生某种情况”的意思,但burst into后面接名词(如tears,laughter等),burst out后面接动名词(如crying,laughing等)。She burst out crying for a while,and burst into laughter for another moment,which left us at a loss.她一会儿突然哭起来,一会儿又突然笑起来,这使我们
15、一头雾水。(2)短语burst in中的in是副词,后面不接宾语;而burst into后接宾语。考点分层突破即学即练单句语法填空(1)The other two boys jumped up with fright,staring at Tom.Suddenly,they burst out (laugh).(2)He(burst)into my room without knocking at the door,which made me very angry.考点分层突破laughingburst2 ruin n.U 毁坏;毁灭;破坏 n.C(pl.)废墟;残垣断壁 vt.使破产;糟蹋;
16、毁灭经典例句(1)教材原句P26 In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.在可怕的15秒内,一座大城市就成为一片废墟。(2)2018全国卷 Who would want to ruin their good workout by eating junk food?谁会想通过吃垃圾食品来破坏他们的良好锻炼?考点分层突破考点分层突破归纳拓展in ruins 严重受损;破败不堪bringto ruin 使毁灭;使没落fall into ruin/be reduced to ruins 成为废墟/沦为废墟ruin oneself 自取
17、灭亡【名师指津】ruin 指“废墟”时,常用复数形式。考点分层突破即学即练单句语法填空(1)When they returned to Rockaway the next day,they found their neighbourhood ruins.(2)It rained for two weeks on end,completely(ruin)our holiday.考点分层突破inruining 3 injure vt.损害;伤害经典例句(1)教材原句P26 Two-thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.他
18、们当中有三分之二的人在地震中伤亡。(2)2016天津卷 I was wearing a seat belt.If I hadnt been wearing one,I would have been injured.我当时系着安全带。如果我没有系安全带的话,我可能已经受伤了。考点分层突破考点分层突破归纳拓展injured adj.受伤的the injured 伤员injury n.损伤;伤口;伤害do sb an injury/do an injury to sb伤害某人易混辨析injure/wound/hurtHe retired from the army because of being
19、 wounded in a fight.Soon after,he met with an accident,where luckily he was not injured but was hurt to some degree.他因在战斗中受伤退伍了。不久他遭遇了一次事故,幸运的是他的身体没有受伤,但他的心灵在一定程度上受到了伤害。考点分层突破injure多指意外事故造成的伤害,也可指对名誉、地位的损害wound指人在战斗、攻击中受伤,身体上出现明显的伤口,多指枪伤、刀伤、刺伤等皮肉之伤hurt多指精神上受到伤害,也可指身体上的疼痛即学即练(1)单句语法填空Dog owners shoul
20、d be responsible if their pets _injury to other people or cause damage to their property.2018北京卷 A month before my first marathon,one of my ankles _(injure)and this meant not running for two weeks.考点分层突破anwas injured(2)完成句子幸运的是,她伤得并不重,我们把她送到了最近的医院。and we sent her to the nearest hospital.考点分层突破Luckil
21、y she was not badly injured4 shock vt.&vi.(使)震惊;震动 n.休克;打击;震惊 经典例句(1)People were shocked to see that the UFO was flying over the city.The shocking news shocked all the people around,which was also a great shock to people all over the country.人们十分吃惊地发现不明飞行物在这座城市的上空飞行。这个让人震惊的消息震惊了周围的所有人,也极大地震惊了全国各地的人们
22、。考点分层突破(2)The parents were shocked by the news that their son needed an operation on his knee.父母被儿子的膝盖需要动手术这个消息震惊了。考点分层突破考点分层突破归纳拓展(be)a shock to sb 对某人来说是一件令人震惊的事an electric shock 电击;触电shocked adj.(主语多为人)感到吃惊的;感到惊讶的be shocked at/by 被震惊be shocked to do sth 因做某事而感到震惊shocking adj.(主语多为物)令人气愤的;令人震惊的即学即
23、练(1)单句语法填空2018浙江卷 I still remember visiting a friend whod lived here for five years and I (shock)when I learnt she hadnt cooked once in all that time.I was shocked(hear)that your mother-in-law passed away last week.考点分层突破was shockedto hear(2)单句改错It was such shock to hear that you were in an accident
24、.考点分层突破shock前加a5 judge n.裁判员;法官;评判员 vt.断定;判断;判决 经典例句(1)教材原句P30 Your speech was heard by a group of five judges,all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year.五位裁判听了你的演讲,他们都同意这是今年最好的演讲。(2)“You cant judge a book by its cover,”as the old saying goes.常言道:“不能以貌取人。”考点分层突破考点分层突破归纳拓展judge(to be)判断/认为
25、是judgeby/from 根据判断judge between right and wrong 判断是非as far as sb can judge 据某人判断;某人认为judging by/from 依据来判断judgement n.看法;判决;判断【名师指津】judging from/by用在句首时,为一个独立成分,不受句子主语和时态影响,只用现在分词形式作状语,而不用过去分词形式。用法类似的还有:generally speaking一般来说;frankly speaking 坦白地说;considering 考虑到。Judging by/from the look on her face
26、,she might have failed the examination.根据她脸上的表情来判断,她可能考试没及格。考点分层突破即学即练单句语法填空(1)Schools tend to be judged the performance of their students in exams.(2)2016江苏卷 Even in its current state,the Internet has extended my memory and(judge).考点分层突破by/fromjudgement6 bury vt.掩埋;埋葬;隐藏 经典例句She buried her face in
27、her hands and wept when she heard the bad news.当她听到那个坏消息时,她掩面而泣。考点分层突破考点分层突破归纳拓展即学即练(1)单句语法填空He stood on the sidewalk with his hands(bury)in the pockets.He sank down on the ground,(bury)his face in his hands.(2)完成句子自从搬到那里以后,他一直专注于他的研究工作。Ever since he moved there,he in his research work.考点分层突破buriedb
28、urying has buried himself/has been buried对点训练语境语法填空 According to a 1.(judge)made by some experts,Typhoon Shanzhu caused Taiwans worst destruction in half a century,killing 15 people and 2.(injure)numerous.Riverbanks 3._(burst)due to the heavy rain.A village 4.(bury)by a landslide though the villager
29、s had been warned that their village would be at risk of 5.(ruin).Helicopters were sent to the 6.(destroy)areas because many people 7.(trap)under the roofs needed 8.(rescue).考点分层突破judgementinjuringburstwas buriedbeing ruineddestroyedtrappedto be rescued1 at an end 结束;终结经典例句(1)教材原句P26 It seemed as if
30、 the world was at an end!仿佛到了世界末日!(2)As soon as you hear it,you know the meeting is at an end.当你听到它(这句话)时,你就知道会议结束了。考点分层突破高频短语考点分层突破归纳拓展on end 连续(地);直立in the end 最后;终于at the end of 在的末端;在结束时by the end of 到为止(常与完成时态连用)put/bring an end to 结束come to an end 结束make(both)ends meet 使收支相抵;量入为出即学即练用end相关短语的适
31、当形式完成下列短文(1)(在结束时)the meeting,the general manager said in a loud voice,“Weve tried hard to solve the financial problem,and(2)_(终于)weve succeeded.So(3)(到结束时)next week,the bad situation will(4)(结束)and everything will be all right.”考点分层突破At the end ofin the endby the end ofhave come to an end2 a(great)
32、number of 许多;大量的经典例句(1)教材原句P27 Such a great number of people died because the quake happened while they were sleeping.这么多人丧生是因为地震发生时人们正在睡觉。(2)Now a great number of college graduates are seeking to get a high-paid job.But the number of posts available for them is often not enough.如今很多大学毕业生在找一份报酬不菲的工作
33、,但适合他们的岗位的数量经常不足。考点分层突破考点分层突破归纳拓展表示“大量的,许多”的其他表达方式:【名师指津】(1)a large/great number of“许多的,大量的”,后面跟可数名词的复数形式。number之前可加某些表示数量大小的形容词。a number of后加可数名词的复数作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。(2)“the number of+可数名词的复数”作主语时,谓语动词用单数,表示“的数目”。表示“数量多少”时,要用great,large,small或high,low,不用many,few。考点分层突破 Tsinghua University,founded in 1
34、911,is home to a great number of outstanding figures.建立于1911年的清华大学是大量杰出人物的诞生地。Indeed,the number of foreign tourists in China is sharply increasing,which causes a big concern.事实上,外国游客在中国的数量正在急剧增加,这引起了极大的关注。考点分层突破即学即练(1)单句语法填空The number of people invited to the party fifty,but a number of them absent
35、for different reasons.(be)(2)完成句子随着英语学习者的数量上涨,对他们来说在汉语语境里理解这些词并不困难。,its not difficult for them to understand these words in Chinese contexts.考点分层突破isareWith the number of English learners on the rise对点训练运用所学的短语完成下列小片段 An explosion broke out at midnight.It seemed as if the world was 1._(结束)!2.(大量的)fi
36、refighters were sent to the scene 3.(立刻).The fire spread so quickly that the building 4.(成为废墟)in no time.5.(从判断)the situation,a number of people got injured,and some of them 6._(被困在)the fire waiting for rescue.Finally,the firefighters did all they could to put out the fire and tried to carry the tra
37、pped people out.考点分层突破at an endA great number oflay in ruinsJudging fromright awaywere trapped in1 In the farmyards,the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.(教材P26)在农家院子里,鸡,甚至猪都惶恐不安,以致不吃食。句型公式 考点分层突破重点句型“too+adj./adv.+(for sb)+to do sth”表示否定的意义,意思是“太而不能”。【名师指津】(1)在tooto结构中,如使用表示人的心情或意愿
38、的、具有积极意义的形容词,如anxious,eager,glad,happy,pleased,ready,willing等,通常无法用否定意义来解释。这时,不定式表示肯定意义,too(前面通常有only修饰)相当于very。(2)cant/can never be too=cant/can never beenough再怎么也不过分。考点分层突破经典例句(1)The bike is too heavy for him to control.这辆自行车对他来说太重,无法控制。(2)He was too eager to know the result of his examination.他迫切
39、想知道考试的结果。(3)You cannot be too careful(=You can never be careful enough)to do your homework.你做作业越仔细越好(=无论怎样仔细也不过分)。考点分层突破即学即练(1)同义句转换You must be very careful when crossing the road.You when crossing the road.He is so young that he cant join the army.He is the army.考点分层突破cant be too carefultoo young t
40、o join(2)单句改错This question is too difficult to me to answer.We called to ask the kitty come down,however,it was so frightened to move.考点分层突破第一个toforkitty后面加to;sotoo2 It seemed as if the world was at an end!(教材P26)仿佛到了世界末日!【名师指津】(1)as if是连词词组,意为“好像,好似”,相当于as though,一般用于句型It looks/seems as if中,其意思是“看起
41、来好像”。as if 所引导的从句如果表示的情况接近事实,句子要用陈述语气;如果与事实相反,句子要用虚拟语气。The food tastes as if it is missing something.食物尝起来好像缺点儿什么东西。He points two fingers at his head,as if he were holding a gun.他用两根手指指着他的头,仿佛他正举着一把枪。考点分层突破(2)如果as if引导的从句中的主语和主句的主语相同,且含有be动词,可省略从句的主语和be动词,这样as if 后只剩下名词、不定式、形容词、介词短语或分词。She left the
42、room hurriedly as if(she was)angry.她匆忙离开了房间,好像生气了。考点分层突破即学即练单句语法填空(1)It was John who/that broke the window.Why are you talking to me as if I(do)it?(2)John pretends as if he(know)the thing very well,but in fact he doesnt know it at all.考点分层突破had doneknew对点训练语境语法填空 Some students,most of 1.are girls,be
43、come too stressed 2._(sleep)well the night before an important exam.However,3._all teachers are skilled at helping them stay calm and relaxed.Some teachers even completely ignore this fact as if it never 4._(exist).Experienced teachers will say something like“You can do it!”“Youre the best!”,5.can e
44、ncourage them to build up their confidence.考点分层突破whomto sleepnotexistedwhich.单句语法填空1.2016全国卷 Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move in case she(injure)her neck.2.It is wrong of you to leave the machine(work)all day long.3.As China develops fast and steady,a numbe
45、r of foreigners _(learn)Chinese as a second language.4.The news that his grandpa had died was terrible shock to him.当堂跟踪检测injuredworkingare learninga5.2018北京卷 A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who _(trap)in the mountains for two days.6._(congratulate)on your exam results!Thanks.7.2
46、018全国卷 Im not sure who is more _(frighten),me or the female gorilla(大猩猩)that suddenly appears out of nowhere.8.His car _in the accident so he got some from the insurance company.(damage)当堂跟踪检测had been trappedCongratulationswas damagedfrighteneddamages9.To make the most of your time,live every moment
47、 as if it(be)your last.10.He said he was proud Lucy and wanted to express his thanks _her because she had won great honour for the school.当堂跟踪检测wereofto.短语填空1.what you say in your letter,you dont get along well with your classmates.2.Its reported that people were rescued from under the ruins.当堂跟踪检测J
48、udging froma great number ofjudge from,in ruins,a great number of,at an end,be trapped in3.The earthquake happened and the whole town lay in less than twenty minutes.4.I must warn you that my patience is almost.5.I the heavy rain on the way to school yesterday.当堂跟踪检测in ruinsat an endwas trapped in.句
49、型训练1.不是所有的学生中学毕业后都能上重点大学。(部分否定)after they graduate from middle school.2.当把铅笔的一部分放进水里时,它看上去好像断了。(as if)When a pencil is partly put into water,.3.该计划泡汤了,就是因为人们不愿合作。(ruins)people were unwilling to cooperate.当堂跟踪检测Not all students can go to key universitiesit looks as if it were brokenThe plan was in ru
50、ins just because4.我写信是想要请你担任我们英语演讲比赛的评委。(invite sb to do)at our English speaking competition.5.正如那句老话所说:活到老,学到老。(tooto)Just as the old saying goes:.当堂跟踪检测Im writing to invite you to be a judgeit is never too late to learn.课文语法填空阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。At 3:42 am on July 28th,1976,everything
