1、高考总复习一轮用书立体设计走进新课堂英英 语语选修6Unit5 The power of nature话题：The power of nature(大自然的力量)功能：Emotions(joy,fear,anxiety,surprise)(情感快乐、恐惧、担忧与惊奇)语法：Revising the-ing form(复习-ing形式)重点单词：erupt，eruption，volcano，appoint，fog，evaluate，absolute，absolutely，potential，precious,uncomfortable,tremble，anxiety，anxious，panic，
2、diverse，diversity，appreciate,guarantee重点短语：compare.with/to，burn.to the ground，be appointed as,make ones way，protect.from/against,take sb.by surprise,give birth to，glance through，vary from.to.,pick up课程解读课程解读重点句型1.I was about to go back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day.2.The
3、other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study,but this being my first experience,I stayed at the top watched them.3.Having bought the precious necklace,she had no money left.4.The height of the land varies from 700 metres above sea level to over 2,000 metres and is home
4、 to a great diversity of rare plants and animals.课程解读课程解读要点一：重点单词1.appoint vt.任命，委派，约定（时间、地点等）归纳拓展（1）appoint sb.任命某人appoint sth.(for sth.)(为某事)确定（日期、场所）appoint sb.as/to be.把某人任命为appoint sb.to do sth.指派某人做某事（2）appointment n.约定，约会，任命make/fix an appointment with与约会keep/break ones appointment赴约/失约知 识 与
5、要 点知 识 与 要 点They appointed him（as）captain of the England team.他们任命他为英格兰队队长。We must appoint someone to act as secretary.我们得指定一个人当秘书。The time appointed for the meeting was 10:30.规定开会的时间是10:30。She made an appointment for her son to see the doctor.她为儿子约定了看医生的时间。知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点【链接训练】Hes beento the Sta
6、te Supreme Court in California.A.determinedB.appointedC.admittedD.assumed【解析】determine“决定，确定”；appoint“约定，任命，委任”；admit“容许，承认”；assume“假定，设想”。句意为：他被任命为加利福尼亚州最高法院的法官。【答案】B知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点2.absolute adj.纯粹的；完全的；绝对的；专制的；不容置疑的归纳拓展（1）表示perfect,complete的意思。（2）absolute没有比较级，不被表示程度的副词，如very等修饰，但可以用nearly等修饰。
7、（3）absolute majority绝对多数，超过半数absolute trust/proof完全的信任/确凿的证据absolute zero绝对零度（4）absolutely adv.绝对地；完全地（常用于口语交际中）知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点His story was an absolute lie.他的故事是十足的谎言。Theres no absolute standard for it.它没有绝对的标准。Do you agree with me？你同意我的意见吗？Absolutely.完全同意。知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点【链接训练】Do you think th
8、ere is possibility that theyll get married?.They dont have any common tastes.A.AbsolutelyB.CertainlyC.Absolutely notD.Absolute not【解析】Absolutely not.意为“（他们）绝对不会（结婚）”。【答案】C知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点3.suit n.一套衣服v.适合，使适宜归纳拓展（1）suit sb.适合某人suit.to.使适合be suited for/to.适合（2）suitable adj.合适的，适当的be suitable for sb
9、./sth.适合于某人/某物be suitable to do sth.适合做某事知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点That colour doesnt suit your complexion.那颜色不适合你的肤色。He and his wife are well suited to each other.他和妻子十分般配。He tried to suit his performance to the audience.他尽力使自己的表演迎合观众的口味。The show is not suitable for children.该表演不太适合少儿观看。知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点同
10、类辨析suit，match与fit（1）suit多指合乎需要、口味、性格、条件、地位等。（2）match多指大小、色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配。（3）fit多指大小、形状合适，引申为“吻合”“协调”。知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点【链接训练】How about eight oclock outside the cinema?Thatme fine.A.fitsB.meetsC.satisfiesD.suits【解析】考查动词辨析。fit多指“大小、形状合适”；meet，satisfy常指“满足”；suit指“合乎需要、口味、性格、条件、地位等”。【答案】D知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要
11、 点4.anxiety n.忧虑，担心anxiety about(for)sth.对的担心with anxiety焦虑地知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点归纳拓展anxiety为形容词anxious的名词形式anxious adj.忧虑的，挂念的，渴望的，盼望的be anxiousaboutforsb./sth.担心/忧虑be anxious to do急于做be anxious for sth.渴望得到be anxious for sb.to do急于让某人做be anxious that.急切希望（that从句采用虚拟语气，其中谓语动词用should+动词原形，should可省略）知 识
12、 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点There is growing public anxiety over the safety of the trapped people.公众对被困人们的安全的担忧在不断滋长。He is still absent.Im anxious about him.他依然未到，实在让我担心。He was anxious that the meeting the following day should be a success.他希望第二天的会议成功。知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点【链接训练】“My fathers sick,”she said to no one
13、in particular.I could see theand fear in her eyes.A.anxietyB.curiosityC.decisionD.attempt【解析】考查名词辨析。句意为：她并没有特别对某个人说，“我的父亲病了”。我从她的目光中能看得出担心和恐惧。anxiety“忧虑，担心”，与题意相符。curiosity“好奇心”；decision“决定”；attempt“尝试”。【答案】A知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点5.panic n.恐慌，惊慌vt.&vi.（使人或动物）恐慌，惊慌注意：panic的过去式、过去分词为panicked；现在分词为panickin
14、g。归纳拓展（1）panic over/about/at sth.对某事感到惊慌；因而恐慌panic sb.into doing sth.使某人（因惊慌）仓促做某事（2）be in a panic处在恐慌中（表状态）get into a panic陷入恐慌（表动作）be seized with a panic惊慌失措in a state of panic惊恐万分知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点The birds panicked at the sound of the gunfire,flying in all directions.鸟儿听到枪响，吓得四处飞散了。The eruption
15、of volcano panicked many people into leaving this area.火山喷发吓得很多人逃离了这个地区。She got into a real panic when she thought she had forgotten the tickets.她想起忘了带入场券，顿时惊慌起来。Shoppers fled the street in panic after two bombs exploded in central London.两枚炸弹在伦敦市中心爆炸之后，购物者惊慌失措地逃离了那条街。知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点【链接训练】He_and
16、ran as fast as he could to safety.A.panicedB.panickedC.to panicD.panicking【解析】句意为：他很惊慌，赶快跑到安全的地方。panic 的过去式和过去分词都是 panicked;另外，空白处是句子的谓语，非谓语形式是不能独立作谓语的。【答案】B知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点The audience was thrown into a（n）_when the fire started.A.terrorB.panicC.disorderC.alarm【解析】throw into a panic“使慌乱”是固定短语。terr
17、or 通常当不可数名词用；disorder 是抽象名词，一般修饰事物或状态；alarm 显然不能放在不定冠词 a 后面，而且也不可能与 throw 搭配。【答案】B知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点6.guarantee n.C；U保证；商品保证；保证书vt.保证;保证免受损失（或伤害等）归纳拓展（1）guarantee sb.against/from.保证某人免受损害、危险等guarantee to do sth.保证要做某事guarantee sth.to sb.向某人担保/保证某事be guaranteed to do sth.必定会做某事（2）give sb.a guarantee
18、that.向某人担保（be）under guarantee在保修期内知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点This insurance guarantees you against loss in case of fire.这项保险保证你在发生火灾时不受损失。I guarantee to pay off his debt.=I guarantee(that)I will pay off his debt.我保证付清他的债务。The watch is still under guarantee.这只手表仍在保修期内。Can you give me a guarantee that the work
19、 will be finished on time?你能向我保证工作会按时完成吗?知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点诱导展望guarantee作“抵押”讲时是不可数名词，没有复数形式。What do you have to offer as guarantee for the loan？你用什么来做这笔贷款的抵押呢？知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点【链接训练】Working hard is not only a_of great success，but it is among the essential requirements.A.signB.SignalC.guaranteeD.su
20、pposition【解析】句意为：刻苦努力不是取得巨大成功的唯一保证，但它是基本条件之一。guarantee“保证”；supposition“想象，假定”；sign“迹象，标记，符号”；signal“信号，暗号”。【答案】C知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点要点二：重点短语与句型1.burn to the ground全部焚毁归纳拓展由 burn 所构成的其他短语：burn away 持续燃烧；（使）烧掉，烧光burn down(建筑物被)烧毁；火势渐弱burn off 烧掉；烧除burn out 熄灭；烧坏；（使）精疲力尽burn up 烧掉；烧毁；耗费知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点
21、About 10 persons had no place to live in because their houses burnt to the ground in the fire that happened yesterday.大约有10个人无处栖身因为他们的房子在昨天的火灾中被烧成了灰烬。If you put more coal,the fire will burn up.要是你再添点煤，火就会燃起来。But for the fire fighters,the hotel burnt off.要不是消防员，这家旅馆会被烧掉的。知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点【链接训练】Be ca
22、reful with fire,or it will_the whole building.A.burn downB.burn awayC.burn upD.burn out【解析】burn down 意为“焚为平地，烧得精光”，符合题意。burn away“逐渐烧完”；burn up“烧掉”；burn out“烧光”，均不如 burn down 符合题意。【答案】A知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点2.make ones way 前往，向前归纳拓展feel ones way 摸索着前行fight/push ones way 推挤着前行wind ones way 蜿蜒向前lose ones
23、way 迷路force ones way out 挤出去；冲出去push ones way in 挤进去知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点Though it was raining hard，he made his way home.尽管雨下得很大，他还是赶回家了。Look!Many children are making their way to the beach.看，许多孩子正往海滩走去。We fought our way through the forest.我们穿过森林前进。The smoke winds its way out of the cave.烟弯弯曲曲地飘出了山洞。知
24、识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点诱导展望make ones way与go同义，但更强调突破障碍、排除困难而前行。知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点【链接训练】If you want to_you must learn to work hard while you are still young.A.make your wayB.make its wayC.make a wayD.make the way【解析】句意为：如果你想获得成功，你必须学会趁着年轻的时候努力工作。C、D两项本身有误，make its way 意为“有利可图”，不符合句意。【答案】A知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点W
25、hen that evening we made_up to Helens flat，we found that Edward was there.A.our waysB.our roadC.our roadsD.our way【解析】make ones way“进行，前进”，way 不用复数。【答案】D知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点3.vary from.to.由到不等归纳拓展（1）vary in sth.（大小、形状等）不同，有别vary with 随而变化，改变vary between.and.从到转变（2）various adj.各种各样的；多姿多彩的varied adj.各种各
26、样的；变化的variable adj.可变的，易变的（3）variety n.不同种类；多样化a variety of=varieties of=various各种各样的知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点Opinions vary from individual to individual.仁者见仁，智者见智。The color of the leaves varies with weather.叶子的颜色随着天气的变化而变化。Theres a variety of dishes on the menu.菜单上有种类繁多的菜肴。知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点【链接训练】It is ob
27、vious that the hopes，goals，fears and desires_widely between men and women，between the rich and the poor.A.alterB.shiftC.transferD.vary【解析】句意为：显然，男人与女人之间、富人与穷人之间，他们的希望、目标、恐惧和渴望有很大区别。vary 相当于 be different。alter 指“微小的变化”，不影响本质的改动；shift 指位置、性质、形式等“改变、转变”。transfer 表示“将某物（人）由一处转移至另一处”。【答案】D知 识 与 要 点知 识 与
28、要 点The meaning of life_according to the nature of ones lifestyle.A.movesB.changesC.variesD.turns【解析】vary“相异，存在不同之处”，符合题意。move“移动”；change“改变”；turn“转变”，均不合题意。【答案】C知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点4.I was about to go back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day.我正要回去睡觉，突然我的卧室亮如白昼。归纳拓展（1）be about to
29、do sth.when sth.happened 表示“正要做某事，这时/那时突然发生了某事”。此处 be about to do sth.意为“即将要做某事”。其通常不用于带具体时间状语的句子中；when 在此作连词使用相当于and just then或and just at that time,意为“正在这时/那时”，用来引出一个突然出现的动作。（2）be doing sth.when sth.happened表示“正在做某事，这时/那时某事突然发生了”。（3）had done sth.when sth.happened表示“刚做某事（多长时间），这时/那时突然发生了某事”。知 识 与 要
30、 点知 识 与 要 点Frank was about to leave when he noticed a letter lying on the floor.弗兰克刚要离开，这时他发现地板上有一封信。We were doing our homework when the light went out.我们正在做作业，突然灯灭了。知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点同类辨析be about to与be going to（1）be about to表示最近的将来，意为“即将”；be going to多表示计划或安排，意为“打算”。（2）be about to不可与具体的时间状语连用，如果有具体的
31、时间状语，应用be going to结构。We are about to leave.我们就要走了。We are going to leave tomorrow.明天我们就要走了。知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点【链接训练】Professor Lee was_to go back for class again_someone told him he was wanted on the phone.A.about；asB.about；afterC.about；whileD.about；when【解析】be about to do.when.“正要做这时”，为固定句型，所以正确答案为D。句意
32、为：李教授正要再次返回教室这时有人告诉他有人打电话找他。【答案】D知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点5.but this being my first experience，I stayed at the top and watched them.我是第一次经历这样的事，所以留在山顶上看着他们。此处this being.是独立主格结构。知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点归纳拓展（1）独立主格结构的构成方法：n./pron.+v.-ing/-ed/to do/n./adj./adv./prep.phrase。独立主格结构可分为两部分：一部分是名词或代词（主格），起着逻辑主语的作用；另一部分是
33、由形容词、副词、名词、分词、不定式、介词短语等构成，表示前面名词或代词的状态、状况或动作。它们同在句中作状语、同位语或定语。（2）独立主格结构在句法上独立于句子主体之外，跟主句没有任何句法联系，但在意义上却与主句紧密联系在一起，共同构成一个完整的语义环境；独立主格结构没有主语和谓语，只有逻辑上的主语；独立主格结构可置于句首、句尾，用逗号与主句隔开。在句子中作状语，表示时间、原因、条件、伴随等。知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点【链接训练】There_nothing to do，we went to the cinema and saw an adventurous film.A.wasB.H
34、adC.beingD.had been【解析】本题应选用现在分词构成独立主格结构。【答案】C知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点Such_the case，I couldnt help but_him.A.being；supportB.is；to supportC.has been；supportingD.be；supported【解析】cant help but 为固定短语，but 后接不带 to 的不定式；Such being the case 为独立主格结构，the case 为逻辑主语。【答案】A知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点要点三：语法：复习动词的复习动词的-ing 形式作状语
35、形式作状语1.动词的-ing形式作状语时表示的动作是主语动作的一部分，与谓语表示的动作或状态是同时或几乎是同时发生的，或是先于谓语动词的动作发生，它的逻辑主语与句子的主语一致。动词的-ing形式作状语时常表示时间、条件、原因、方式、伴随、让步、结果，多用逗号同句子其他成分隔开。知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点（1）表示时间，如果两个动作完全同时发生，可用when/while加现在分词表示。Hearing the news,they all jumped with joy.听到这个消息，他们都高兴得跳了起来。Dont mention this while talking to him.和他谈
36、话时不要提这件事。（2）表示条件，作条件状语，相当于条件状语从句，一般放在句首。Going there by plane(=If you go there by plane),you will arrive tomorrow morning.如果你乘飞机去那里的话，明天早上就会到。知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点注意：表示条件时主句中的谓语动词往往用将来时或带有情态动词。（3）表示原因，作原因状语。通常放在句首。Seeing nobody at home,she decided to leave a message.看到没人在家，她决定给他们留个便条。（4）表示行为方式或伴随情况，作方式状
37、语或伴随状语。All night long he lay awake,thinking of the problem.他整夜躺在床上睡不着，思考着那个问题。The whale looks for food using sound waves.鲸鱼利用声波寻找食物。知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点（5）表示一种自然的或符合逻辑的结果。通常放在句子后面。He fired his gun,killing the wolf.他开枪了，把狼打死了。（6）作让步状语，通常放在句首。Riding a horse or driving a car,you should learn to control i
38、t.无论是骑马还是驾车，你都得学会控制它。知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点注意：当动词的-ing形式作状语时，其逻辑主语就是句子主语。如果v.-ing短语的逻辑主语和句子主语不一致，即为错句。Smelling sweet and fresh,this food is very popular with local people and tourists.这种食物闻起来既甘甜又新鲜，因此受到了当地人们及旅游者的喜爱。（=Because this food smells sweet and fresh,this food is very popular with local people an
39、d tourists.）而不可以说：Smelling sweet and fresh,local people and tourists are very fond of this food.知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点有时动词的-ing形式或动词的-ing短语有自己的逻辑主语，它们之间有逻辑上的主谓关系，称之为独立主格结构。Class being over,the children could play football.下课了，孩子们可以踢足球了。（句子主语为the children,动词的-ing形式的逻辑主语是class，相当于：When class was over,the
40、children could play football.）v.-ing短语在句中作插入语，对全句作解释，此时不存在其逻辑主语必须和句子主语一致的问题。Generally speaking,newspapers follow the American way.一般来说，报纸采用美国英语的拼法。知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点2.现在分词的否定结构是在分词前加not,注意不要受谓语动词否定形式的影响。分词完成式的否定结构通常不把not置于having和过去分词之间。Not knowing Toms telephone number,Mary was very anxious.不知道汤姆的电话
41、号码，玛丽很着急。Not having finished my shopping,I couldnt go home.还没买完东西，我不能回家。3.现在分词有一般式和完成式如果现在分词的动作和谓语的动作同时或几乎同时发生，现在分词用一般式；如果现在分词的动作发生在谓语动作之前，现在分词应当用完成式。Having watered the flowers,he began to cut the grass.他把花浇好后，开始割草。知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点注意：（1）现在分词被动语态的一般式表示一个被动动作正在进行，或与谓语动词表示的动作同时进行；现在分词被动语态的完成式表示一个被动动作
42、在谓语动词所表示的动作之前已经完成。Youll find the topic being discussed everywhere.你会发现到处都在讨论这个话题。Having been taught hundreds of words,the students can make up some simple dialogues.被教会几百个单词后，这些学生能组织简单对话了。知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点（2）现在分词用作宾语补足语或主语补足语时，所表示的动作和谓语动词的动作是同时进行的。The farmer saw smoke rising from the ground.这农夫看到烟从
43、地面升起。（3）分词作伴随状语时，若表示“正在被”的概念时，一般不用现在分词的被动式，而用过去分词。Followed by some officials,Premier Wen inspected Yushu.温总理带着一些官员视察玉树。不能说：Being followed by some officials,.知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点【链接训练】The boy often gives a satisfactory answer to the teachers question,just a minute.So hes usually the teacher pet.A.thoug
44、htB.having thoughtC.and to thinkD.thinking【解析】此题为分词-ing形式短语作状语，且think表示的动作发生在give a satisfactory answer之前，故用having thought。【答案】B知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点Her performance was a great success,more and more people.A.attractingB.had attractedC.attractedD.to attract【解析】句意为：她的演出很成功，吸引了越来越多的人。现在分词作结果状语表示必然的或符合逻辑的结
45、果。【答案】A知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点in the leg made it impossible for him to walk as fast as usual.A.InjuredB.Being injuredC.Having injuredD.Having been injured【解析】句意为：腿部受伤使得他无法像往常一样走得那样快。being injured是动名词的被动语态，在句子中作主语。【答案】B知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点The World Expo Shanghai 2010 is more like a platform for cultural exc
46、hange,people into closer contact with the rest of the world.A.to bringB.bringingC.broughtD.having brought【解析】句意为：2010年上海世博会更像一个文化交流的平台，使得人们与世界的其他地方更紧密地联系在一起。现在分词短语作结果状语，符合题意。【答案】B知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点What made the student so upset?to go to the movie.A.Having not been allowedB.Not having allowedC.Because of not having allowed D.Not having been allowed【解析】句意为：什么事让这位同学如此沮丧？没让他去看电影吧。第二句回答第一句话what提出的问题。because of引导原因状语，非谓语动词的否定式应在其前加not,因此排除A、C项，根据句意应用被动形式，所以选D。【答案】D知 识 与 要 点知 识 与 要 点
