1、版本：新译林版本：新译林单元：选择性必修四单元：选择性必修四 Unit 3(Reading)单单词词课课堂堂1.salarysal(salt)+-ary(名词后缀)买盐的津贴 薪水词源：salary 本意是“士兵用来买盐的津贴、军饷”。古代只有少数地方产盐，而制盐技术落后，交通不便，所以盐特别珍贵，被称为“白色金子”。罗马军队专门为士兵买盐提供津贴或直接发盐，并且这部分津贴是军饷的重要组成部分，定时发放，十分稳定。所以原本表示“买盐津贴”的 salary 就被用来表示定时领取、稳定可靠的收入，即“薪水”。pay,salary,wage,earnings 辨析2.labour词块：labour
2、force,physical/mental labour,Labour Day名词动词化：(辛勤)劳动、苦干3.gear词块：be geared to/towards(doing)sth本单元词汇梳理本单元词汇梳理4.attainat-(to)+tain(to touch)触摸到 达到、得到 正式用语(对应 achieve)，尤指通过长时间努力而获得词块：attain ones goal5.endeavour 英语释义：to try very hard to do sth词块：endeavour to do sth6.passion词块：(have a)passion for(doing)st
3、h派生词：passionate7.fond词块：be fond of8.anticipateanti-(before)+cip(to take)+-ate(动词后缀)在之前抓住 先于做 预期同根词：participate anticipate 比 expect 正式词块：anticipate doing sth派生词：anticipation9.superiorsuper(above)+-ior(表示比较级的形容词后缀)在之上的 更好的(基本义)同根词：super,superb,supermarket词块：be superior to派生词：superiority10.prejudicepre
4、-(before)+jud(判断)+-ice(名词后缀)预先对别人做出判断 偏见同源词：judge词块：have prejudice against名词动词化：使抱偏见、使怀成见派生词：prejudiced(be prejudiced against)11.lawyerlaw(法律)+-yer(从事的人)12.servantserv(服务)+-ant(的人)同根词：serve,service,deserve词块：public servant13.consultantconsult(v 咨询)+-ant(的人)词族：consult,consultant,consultation14.recept
5、ionist reception(n 接待)+-ist(从事的人)15.respectiverespect(方面)+-ive(形容词后缀)词族：respect,respected,respectable,respectful,respective,respectively16.zone词块：comfort/time zone17.operateoper(to work)+-ate(动词后缀)(使)工作(基本义)词族：operate,operator,operation,cooperate,cooperation18.hire意为“租用”时同义词为 rent，英式英语中短期租用为 hire，长期
6、租用为 rent；美式英语中都用 rent。19.leadership leader+-ship(名词后缀)同后缀词：championship,membership,scholarship 等词块：under the leadership of sb/under sbs leadership 词族：lead,leader,leadership重重难难点点词词精精讲讲一词多义一词多义operate词源词源辨析义辨析义attain正式用语正式用语辨析义辨析义anticipate英语释义英语释义salarysalary2020年7月23日,华为公布了8名天才少年的年薪方案,全部为2019届应届顶尖学
7、生,学历均为博士,年薪最低限89.6万元,最高限201万元，引起网友热议。在羡慕的同时，让我们来学习一下关于“薪资薪资”的表达吧！说到“工资”“薪水”，你能想到的单词是？pay wage四个单词之间到底有何不同呢？earningssalaryn C&U 薪水薪水 the money that employees receive for the work they have done,usually every month：He moved to a job with a higher salary.词源解读词源解读：salary 本意是“士兵用来买盐的津贴、军饷”，其中的 sal 指的就是 s
8、alt（盐）。为什么 salary（工资）原本是“买盐的津贴”呢？原来，古代只有少数地方产盐，而制盐技术落后，交通不便，所以盐特别珍贵，被称为“白色金子”。所以罗马军队中专门为士兵买盐提供津贴，并且是罗马士兵军饷的重要组成部分。所以人们就用 salary 一词来表示一个人的工资收入，即“薪水”。wage,pay,salary,earnings析析辨辨相同点相同点：四者都可用作名词，含“报酬”之意 四者都常译为“工资”不同点：不同点：salary 指非体力劳动者所得到的指非体力劳动者所得到的“工资工资”“”“薪水薪水”，通常按月计，通常按月计算，有时按季或年计算算，有时按季或年计算。The go
9、vernment has decided to increase salaries for all civil servants.pay 指不论工作性质如何，通过各种劳动所得到的报酬，它包含指不论工作性质如何，通过各种劳动所得到的报酬，它包含salary和和wage，不可数。，不可数。He doesnt like the job,but the pay is good.wage 指简单劳动或体力劳动工作者所得的指简单劳动或体力劳动工作者所得的“工资工资”“”“工钱工钱”，通常按周、日、小时等短期计算发给，常用复数形式，但用于通常按周、日、小时等短期计算发给，常用复数形式，但用于名词前时用单数形
10、式。名词前时用单数形式。Wages are paid on Fridays.wage earnersearnings 多指通过劳动或投资等手段所得到的收入。多指通过劳动或投资等手段所得到的收入。You pay income tax（收入所得税）on all your earnings,not just your salary.attain vt&vi 正式用语正式用语（经过长时间努力）达到（经过长时间努力）达到(achieve)；得到；取得；得到；取得：Through the work we do,our goals can be attained and our dreams achieve
11、d.译林新选必-3After several years of study and practice he attained fluency in English.构词构词：at-(to)+tain(to touch)触摸到 达到、得到 辨析：辨析：attain,obtainattain 是是 achieve 的升级版，常跟表示的升级版，常跟表示“目标目标”“”“抱负抱负”等相对高等相对高大上的词语搭配，主要指通过努力达到重要目标或得到珍贵的东西。大上的词语搭配，主要指通过努力达到重要目标或得到珍贵的东西。The scientist attained great fame by a new d
12、iscovery.obtain 是是 get 的升级版，多指凭努力或恳求得到的升级版，多指凭努力或恳求得到、急需或很想得到急需或很想得到具体的、实用的东西。具体的、实用的东西。Howard failed to obtain a scholarship.注注：只有只有 obtain good grades 才能 attain positions of power。anticipate不要去预料烦恼或者杞人不要去预料烦恼或者杞人忧天。置身于明媚的阳光忧天。置身于明媚的阳光之中吧。之中吧。本杰明本杰明富兰克林富兰克林本杰明富兰克林（Benjamin Franklin，17061790），美国政治家、
13、作家、发明家、科学家，美国开国元勋之一。他是美国大陆会议的代表及独立宣言起草和签署人之一。此外，他在科学研究方面也有杰出贡献：曾进行多项关于电的实验，发明避雷针，并最早提出电荷守恒定律。2006年，美国大西洋月刊评选他为影响美国的 100 位人物第 6 名。正式用语先于正式用语先于做：做：Did the Vikings anticipate Columbus in discovering America?预期；预料预期；预料 to expect sth will happen and be ready for it：A good speaker is able to anticipate an
14、 audiences needs.Try and anticipate what the interviewers will ask.anticipate doing sth:When they arrived in Canada,they did not anticipate seeing suchan open country.构词构词：anti-(before)+cip(to take)+-ate(动词后缀)在之前抓住 先于做 预期anticipate vt 期待；期盼（好事）期待；期盼（好事）to think about sth that is going to happen,espe
15、cially sth pleasant(look forward to)：We anticipate hearing from you again./We anticipate that weshall hear from you again.【词汇拓展词汇拓展】anticipation n U 预期；预料：预期；预料：He bought extra food in anticipation of more people coming than hed invited.期待；期盼：期待；期盼：She waited in eager anticipation for Robert to arri
16、ve.operate古罗马的年底为祭祀农神萨图恩（Saturn）的大型节日，一般在每年的12月17日至12月24日间召开。萨图恩虽贵为神，依然手持农具在田间劳动，可见他是多么勤于“工作”。而他的妻子俄普斯（Ops）是古罗马神话的丰收之神。俄普斯（Ops）的名字意思是“丰产；丰富”。operate的词根是oper,oper受丰收之神俄普斯（Ops）的影响，表示“work（工作工作）”。operate v vi&vt（使）运行；（使）运转（使）运行；（使）运转 to work or make sth work：Subway trains operate 24 hours a day in New
17、York.Can you explain how the machine operates?vt 操作；使用操作；使用 to use and control a machine or equipment：operate a computerThis machine is very easy to operate.借助英语借助英语释义理解释义理解借助英语借助英语释义理解释义理解 vi 起作用；奏效起作用；奏效 to act or have an effect：The medicine began to operate at once.vi 动手术；开刀动手术；开刀：Having seen the
18、 X-ray,the doctor decided to operate on the patient.vt 经营；管理经营；管理：operate a restaurant/company 借助英语释义理解借助英语释义理解 U 运行；运转；操作：运行；运转；操作：There are three lifts in operation.C&U 经营；运营：经营；运营：The new plant is scheduled to go/come into operation in May this year.C 企业；团体企业；团体 a business company：a huge multinat
19、ional electronics operation C 手术：手术：Hes recovering from an operation on his shoulder.operation n必修一 Unit 2 C 行动行动 an activity,often highly organized,that involves many people,actions,days,etc.：The police have launched a major operation against drug.C（计算机的）运算；操作：计算机的）运算；操作：perform various mathematica
20、l operations 常用搭配常用搭配put.into operation 实施；使实施；使运转；启用：运转；启用：Its time to put our plan into operation.operator n C 话务员；操作员；经营者话务员；操作员；经营者选必三 Unit 4operate&operation 语义网络图语义网络图机器工作工作人使设备工作工作工作工作产生作用（使）运行；（使）运转操作；使用起作用；奏效医护人员工作工作政企人员工作工作动手术；开刀经营；管理运行；运转；操作经营；运营企业；团体手术行动（计算机的）运算；操作operateoperation工作工作ope
21、rate基本义基本义1.Through the work we do,our goals can be attained and our dreams achieved.2.We anticipate hearing from you again./We anticipate that weshall hear from you again.3.Hes recovering from an operation on his shoulder.4.Its time to put our plan into operation.本单元金句汇总本单元金句汇总随堂检测随堂检测salary选出适当的单词
22、，并用其正确形式填空。选出适当的单词，并用其正确形式填空。1.His monthly _ is paid in the bank by his employer.2.Not only do the nurses want a(n)_ increase,they want reduced hours as well.3.A postmans _ are 180 per week.4.One of the largest issues women today face is equal _.5.You pay income tax（收入所得税）on all your _,not just your
23、 salary.salarywage/pay/salarywagespayearningswage pay salary earnings 用高级词替换下列句子中的画线词。用高级词替换下列句子中的画线词。1.I used to try effective methods to achieve my academic goals._2.Andy is content with the toy.It is the best he has ever got._attain obtainedattain写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.The schedule i
24、snt final,but we dont anticipate many changes._2.We eagerly anticipated the day we would graduate._ 3.When Scott reached the South Pole he found that John had anticipated him._预期预期 /预料预料期待期待 /期盼期盼anticipate先于先于到达到达一、一、根据句意选出根据句意选出operate的最佳释义。的最佳释义。a.（使使）运行；（使运行；（使）运转运转b.操作；使用操作；使用c.起作用；奏效起作用；奏效 d.动
25、手术；开刀动手术；开刀1.You could use the drug that operates quickly._ 2.What skills are needed to operate this machine?_ 3.The doctors will have to operate on his stomach._ 4.BCC buses operate from 5:30 am to 11:00 pm Monday to Thursday.（2009 江苏）_ coperatebda二、在空白处填入二、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形
26、式。1.The parents are shocked by the news that their son needed _ operation.2.First Dr.Robert taught the monkeys to do different jobs,then he operated _ them.3.The lab is _ operation.The move for the Engineers should be completed next week.4.They were trying to reduce _(operate)costs.5.She was chatting with the emergency phone _(operate)when I got home.anoninoperatingoperator谢谢谢谢观观赏赏
