1、Unit 4EarthquakeReading必修一必修一I want to take money,books,food,water,clothes Because Pre-readingImagine your home begins to shake and you must leave it right away.You have time to take only one thing.What will you take?Why?watermoneyidentity cardfoodbook to readclothescomputermappictures of familymobi
2、le phoneradioWhat will you take?Why?What do you think may happen before an earthquake?People can see bright lights in the sky.The sound of planes can be heard outside even when no planes are in the sky.Mice will run out of the fields looking for places to hide.Fish will jump out of the bowls or pond
3、s.Animals will be too nervous to eat.Farmers wives will notice that the well walls have deep cracks in them.Smelly gas came out of the crack.The well water will rise and fall,rise and fall for a few days,steam will burst from holes or wells in the ground.A NIGHT THE EARTH DIDNT SLEEPReading 1.The ea
4、rthquake began 10 kilometres directly bellow the city.3.The number of people who were killed reached more than 40,000.Task 1True or FalseFFF4.Water burst from holes in the ground.Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt.5.Water was hard to get because dams and wells were useless.6.All of the citys h
5、ospitals,90%of its factories and buildings and 75%of its homes were gone.FTF7.Not only the people but also the animals were shocked greatly.8.Many rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins during the aftershock.TT1.What is the passage mainly about?An earthquake happened in Tangshan in
6、1976.Task 2Read the text carefully and answer these questions.3.What did people hear?They heard the sound of planes outside Tangshan even when no planes were in the sky2.What did people in Tangshan see in the sky before the earthquake?They saw bright lights in the sky.4.What did people notice in the
7、 wells?5.Did people pay any attention to these abnormal phenomena?People noticed the well walls had deep cracks,and a smelly gas came out of the cracks.No.They went to the bed as usual that night.6.When did the earthquake begin?7.How many people were killed or injured in the earthquake?8.Could the i
8、njured people go to hospital?More than 400,000 people.At 3:42 in the morning of July 28.No,they couldnt because all of the citys hospitals were gone in the quake.Task 3Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.1.How do you understand the real meaning of the idiom“It is always calm before a
9、storm”?A.It is unusually quiet before a thunderstorm or hurricane hit.B.One should not trust situations that seem peaceful since bad things may happen.C.The weather is fine before a storm comes.D.You should stay calm before a storm.A2.What can be inferred from the passage?A.If the pigs were too nerv
10、ous to eat,there must be an earthquake.B.If some natural signs had not been ignored,all the people in Tangshan city might have had a chance to survive.C.There wouldnt have been such a great quake if people had paid enough attention to some natural signs.D.If some natural signs had not been ignored,p
11、eople might have had a chance to survive.D3.Which of the following is the main reason for the heavy loss of life in the quake?A.The earthquake happened in the deep night when people were sleeping deeply.B.There werent enough rescue workers.C.The building were poorly constructed and most of them were
12、 destroyed in the quake.D.People were not careful enough to notice some natural signs before the earthquake.A1._ of the nation felt the earthquake.2.A huge crack that was _ kilometres long and _ metres wide cut across houses.3.In _ terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.1/383015Task 4Read the te
13、xt again and fill in the blanks with words or numbers.4._ of the people died or were injured during the earthquake.5.The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than _.6.All of the citys hospitals,_ of its factories and buildings and _ of its homes were gone.2/3400,00075%90%Main Ide
14、aDetailsThe water in the wells _ and _.A _ gas came out of the cracks.The chickens and pigs were too _ to _.Fish _ out of the bowls and ponds.Mice _ out of the fields.At _ am on July 28,1976,people saw _ in the sky.signs before earthquake rosefellsmellynervouseatjumpedran3:00bright lightsMain IdeaDe
15、tailsAt _ am,the _ quake of the 20th century began._ burst from holes in the ground.Hard hills of the rock became rivers of _._ covered the ground like red autumn leaves.Two _ and most of the bridges fell.Damage caused byearthquake3:42greatestSteamdirt BricksdamsMain IdeaDetailsThe railway tracks we
16、re now _ pieces of _._ now filled the wells instead of water.Water,food,and _were hard to get.Damage caused byearthquakeuselesssteelelectricitySand1-C 2-E 3-B 4-D 5-AComprehending1 Read the passage carefully and join the correct parts of the sentences.2 Read the passage again and make a timelineFor
17、three days1.water in the village wells rose and fell2.well walls developed deep cracks3.a smelly gas come out of the cracks4.mice ran out of the fields5.fish jumped out of their bowls and pondsAt about 3:00 am on July 28,19761.bright lights appeared in the sky2.the sound of planes could be heard alt
18、hough there were no planes3.some water pipes burstAt 3:42 am on July 28,1976everything began to shakehuge cracks appeared in the roadssteam burst from holes i the groundrock turned into rivers of dirt75%buildings and 90%of homes were gonemore than 400,000 people killed or injuredAfternoon of July 28
19、,19761.a second quake almost as strong as the first one2.more damage to buildings and rescuersSoon after the quake1.the army arrived2.shelters built for survivors3.water supplies brought inBefore the earthquake strange things began to happen but no one paid attention to them.The earthquake destroyed
20、 the city of Tangshan.The people were very shocked at the destruction.The army came to help the survivors,bringing hope for a new life.3 Writing a summary of each part 1.What shall we do if an earthquake happens?2.What can we do to reduce the damage of earthquakes?AHide under the hard furniture(家具家具
21、).Put out the fire and turn off the gas.BNever try to use the lift.CUse something hard(硬的硬的)to protect your head.DLife is so beautiful.We must love our lives.In an earthquake SPEED IS LIFE.1.Imagine your home begins to shake and you must leave it right away.1)shake:vi/vt (shook,shaken)cause to move
22、to and fro shake hands with sb shake ones head over/at sthe.g.The whole house shook during the explosion.The explosion shook the house.2)right away:at once;in no time;immediatelye.g.He is ill;you should send him to the doctor right away.right now:at this very momentMake up your mind _.Ill return the
23、 book _.right nowright away2.For three days the water in the village wells rose and fell,rose and fell.rise(rose,risen)vi go up;get higher;(of the sun,moon,stars,etc.)come above the horizon;stand up,get out of bed The flood has risen two feet.She usually rises early in the morning.rise:升起升起;上升上升;上涨上
24、涨(不能用于被动语态不能用于被动语态)raise:举起举起;使升起使升起;提高提高(可用于被动语态可用于被动语态)He _from his chair when the doorbell rang.Her job is _ chickens.Her temperature is still _.He _ in rank recently.roseraisingrisinghas risen3.A smelly gas came out of the cracks.smelly adj.发臭的发臭的 smell+y=adj.wind-windy dream-dreamy ice-icy heal
25、th-healthy wealth-wealthy wind-windy smell n./v (smelt/smelled)They were all hungry and the food _ good.I can _something burning in the kitchen.Please throw the _ fish away.smeltsmellsmelly4.the water pipes in some buildings cracked and _.burstburst:to come open or fly apart suddenlyThe balloon sudd
26、enly burst.burst into+n.Some robbers burst into that house.burst outburst out+doing They burst out laughing.He burst into laughter.=He burst out laughing.He burst into tears.=He burst out crying.burst into+n.burst out+doing5.event 名词名词,意为意为“(重要的、不同寻常重要的、不同寻常 的的)事件事件”。如。如：Leaving home was a major eve
27、nt in his life.This is one of the most important events in the history of mankind.event 意思还有意思还有“(事先安排好的事先安排好的)演出演出,赛赛 事事,聚会聚会”,“(体育比赛的体育比赛的)运动项目运动项目”等。等。如：如：The meeting was an important social event.The 800 metres is not his best event.event构成的常用短语有：构成的常用短语有：in any/either event=at all events不管怎样不管怎
28、样,无论如何；无论如何；in the event 结果结果,到头来；到头来；in the event of sth/in the event that 万一万一,假如发生假如发生的情况；的情况；field event 田赛项目田赛项目track event 径赛项目径赛项目three-day event 三日马术赛。如：三日马术赛。如：In any event,the worst that she can do is to say“NO”.In the event of rain,the party will be held indoors.Lily didnt like Tom,but in
29、 the event she married him.He leaves a letter for me to read in the event that he will die.6.It seemed as if the world was at an end.1)as if as if 在表语从句中相当于在表语从句中相当于that:It seemed as if the meeting would never end.看起来会议没完没了。看起来会议没完没了。It seemed as if the world was at an end!=It seemed that the world
30、was at an end!as if 似乎似乎,好像好像=as though She spoke to me as if she knew me.她和我说话的神情她和我说话的神情,好像她早就好像她早就 认识我似的。认识我似的。as if 后还可跟名词、形容词、不定式后还可跟名词、形容词、不定式 等。如等。如:He acts as if(he was)a fool.She left the room hurriedly as if (she was)angry.Tom raised his hands as if(he was going)to say something.用动词的适当形式填空
31、。用动词的适当形式填空。It looks as if it _(be)going to rain.He talks as if he _(know)where she is.The girl listened as if she _(turn)to stone.is/wereknowshad been turned2)at an end 意为意为“结束结束”。如。如：The war was at an end.I must warn you that my patience is almost at an end.end用作名词构成的短语用作名词构成的短语:at the end(of)在在末尾
32、末尾by the end of 到到为止为止in the end 最后最后,终于终于come to an end 完结完结at the end of 用于表示具体事物或场所用于表示具体事物或场所的场合的场合,它也可以用来表示比喻意它也可以用来表示比喻意;by the end of 用于表示时间的场合到用于表示时间的场合到结束的时候结束的时候,用于过去完成时态用于过去完成时态;in the end 意思意思“最后、终于最后、终于”。用用end构成的短语填空。构成的短语填空。The cold weather at last stopped_ March.Our hunt for a cheaper
33、 but largerhouse is at last _.If you go on with work,youll succeed _.How many English words had you learned _ last term?at the end ofat an endin the endby the end of7.In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.ruin 在此为名词在此为名词,意为意为“废墟废墟”，常和介词常和介词in搭配搭配,in ruins意为意为“成废成废 墟墟,垮掉垮掉,毁灭毁灭”。如。如：T
34、his earthquake left the whole town in ruins.His future is/lies in ruins.ruin用作名词用作名词,构成的常见短语有：构成的常见短语有：be on the road to ruin 正在走向毁灭、正在走向毁灭、be the ruin of 使使破产、身体垮掉、破产、身体垮掉、名誉扫地名誉扫地be/lie in ruins 变成废墟变成废墟go to ruin=fall into ruin 衰落衰落,败落败落 如如:The company cannot pay its bills and is on the road to r
35、uin.Drinking was the ruin of him.He had let the farm go to ruin.ruin还可作动词还可作动词,意为意为“毁坏毁坏,毁掉毁掉”，ruined作形容词时作形容词时,只用在名词前，只用在名词前，意为意为“毁坏的毁坏的,破败不堪的破败不堪的”。如：。如：This illness has ruined his life.The rain ruined my painting.When we got there,we saw a ruined castle.辨析辨析:damage,ruin,destroydamage指部分指部分“损坏损坏”、
36、“损害损害”、“破坏破坏”或指使用价值有所降低。它可以或指使用价值有所降低。它可以用作动词用作动词,也可以用作名词也可以用作名词,用作名词时常用作名词时常与与to something 连用。如连用。如:The accident did a lot of damage to his car.destroy 只能用作动词，指彻底破坏只能用作动词，指彻底破坏,以致以致不可能修复，常作不可能修复，常作“破坏破坏”、“毁灭毁灭”解，解，也可以指希望、计划等打破。也可以指希望、计划等打破。The earthquake destroyed almost the whole town.ruin则表示破坏严重，
37、以致不能修复，则表示破坏严重，以致不能修复，但这种破坏不像但这种破坏不像destroy那样毁灭某物，而那样毁灭某物，而是强调致使该物的使用价值发生了问题。是强调致使该物的使用价值发生了问题。用作动词时，它作用作动词时，它作“使毁灭使毁灭”、“使崩溃使崩溃”、“弄糟弄糟”解；用作名词时，它表示解；用作名词时，它表示“毁灭毁灭”、“瓦解瓦解”、“废墟废墟”等抽象概念。等抽象概念。ruin也有借也有借喻的用法。喻的用法。The fire ruined the castle.The house has fallen into ruin.The company is facing ruin.The vi
38、llage _ in ruins after the war.These machines have _ idle since the factory closed.An earthquake left the whole town_.His career is _.Everywhere they looked nearly everything was _.He _ his girl friends prospects.Soft wood _ easily.laylainin ruinsin ruinsdestroyedruineddamages8.Two-thirds of the peo
39、ple died or were _ during the earthquake.injuredMore than 61%of the surface of the earth _covered by water.Seventy percent of the workers in this factory _ young.isareinjure:to hurt oneself/sb./sth.physicallyn.injury adj.injuredthe injured 伤者伤者,伤员伤员an injured look/expression 委屈的样子委屈的样子/表表情情injured p
40、ride/feelings 受到伤害的自尊、受到伤害的自尊、情感情感 如如：He suffered serious injuries to the arms and legs.Many of the injured are still in a serious condition.Their criticisms _ him deeply.Smoking will _ his health.He was slightly _ in the car accident.He got _ in the fighting.What you said _ my feelings.have hurtinj
41、ureinjuredwoundedhurtCompare:injure;hurt;wound 9.People were shocked.shock:n.打击打击;震惊震惊,震动震动 vt.使震惊使震惊,使惊愕使惊愕 shocking:adj.使人震惊的使人震惊的The news of his wifes death was a terrible shock to him.You will get a shock if you touch the live wire.I was shocked by his rudeness.His failure in the exam was shocki
42、ng to his parents.10.Such a great number of people died because the quake happened while they were sleeping.a number of 几个几个,若干若干a great/good number of 许多许多,大量大量 如如：A number of students are planting trees on the hillA great number of volunteers are helping those people living in the earthquake-hit a
43、rea.a number of 修饰可数名词的复数修饰可数名词的复数,number 前可用前可用large,small,good,certain,great等修饰词。当它修饰等修饰词。当它修饰主语时主语时,谓语动词用复数。注意谓语动词用复数。注意:the number of 意为意为“的数量的数量,数目数目”,当它与后面的名词连用时当它与后面的名词连用时,中心词是中心词是the number,做主语时谓语用单数。做主语时谓语用单数。用用a number of 和和the number of 填空。填空。_ students are watching the games on the playg
44、round._ trees planted in our village is never under 200 every year.The number ofA number of辨析辨析:a(great)number of;a great deal of;a lot of;plenty ofa(great)number of 修饰可数名词修饰可数名词,跟复数形式跟复数形式;a great deal of 修饰不可数名词修饰不可数名词;a lot of 后面既可以加可数名词后面既可以加可数名词,也可以也可以加不可数名词加不可数名词;plenty of 后面既可以加可数名词后面既可以加可数名词
45、,也可以也可以加不可数名词。加不可数名词。11.Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins.trap 1)做动词做动词 困住困住,使陷于困境使陷于困境 如如:Dozens of people were trapped in the building when the fire broke out.Theres no way out!Were trapped!Julia felt trapped in her role of wife and mother.诱骗诱骗,诱使诱使(trap sb into d
46、oing sth)”;夹住夹住,压扁压扁;把把储存储存 如如:I was trapped into telling a lie.Take care not to trap your fingers in the door.How can you trap the suns heat?2)trap还可作名词还可作名词,意为意为“圈套圈套;陷阱；陷阱；计谋计谋”,构成的常见短语有：构成的常见短语有：set a trap 设置陷阱设置陷阱fall/walk into a trap 落入圈套落入圈套lay a trap for 为为设下圈套设下圈套fall into the trap of doing
47、 sth 做某事不明智做某事不明智keep your trap shut不把不把说出去说出去,不泄密不泄密 如如:She felt that marriage was a trap.The police set a trap to catch the thief.Dont fall into the trap of investing all your money in one place.Just keep your trap shut,and we wont get into trouble.12.People began to _ how long the disaster would
48、last.wonder:v.1)to have a feeling of surprise.2)to be filled with curiosity or doubt.n.one that arouses astonishment,surprise;admirationIt is no wonder(that)=No wonder(that)wonder-Tom often works deep into the night every day.-No wonder he always gets first in the examinations.13.All hope was not lo
49、st.allnot =not all;some but not all Not all the children are left.(=Only some of them left early.)Not all the children are noisy.(=Some of the children are not noisy.)none of.None of us were allowed to go there.None of these reports is very helpful.14.The army organized teams to dig out those who we
50、re trapped and to bury the dead.dig out 挖掘挖掘;发现发现bury:A.to place in the ground B.to occupy(oneself)with deep concentration;absorbThe dog buried the bone in the ground.I buried myself in my studies.bury oneself in=be buried in devote oneself to=be devoted to 1.Finish Exercise 1-4 on page 28.2.Underli
