1、Discovering Useful Structures(P6)Welcome unitSept.2nd,2021 Look at the pictures and guess what happened.Perhaps the story is:1.The train has arrived.2.I miss my friends.3.They look sad.4.They sent me a gift.5.I found it lovely.6.They left sadly.7.I called them quickly.8.There was a problem.1.The tra
2、in has arrived.3.They look sad.5.I found it lovely.2.I miss my friends.4.They sent me a gift.Identify Sentence elements S主语主语V谓语谓语主语主语S-subject谓语谓语P/V-predicate宾语宾语O-object宾补宾补OC-object complement直接宾语直接宾语DO-direct object间接宾语间接宾语IO-indirect object表语表语P-predicativeS主语主语 V谓语谓语O宾语宾语S主语主语Link-VP表语表语DO直接宾
3、语直接宾语S主语主语V谓语谓语IO间接宾语间接宾语C补语补语S主语主语V谓语谓语O宾语宾语 Our school is large and beautiful.It is named SSL school.Eight is a lucky number in China.Traveling is my favorite.To study hard is our duty.What we need is more time.名词名词 动名词动名词 动词不定式动词不定式 代词代词 数词数词 主语从句主语从句1.主语主语(Subject):表明句子说的是谁或什么情况，一般可由名词、代词、数词、动名词
4、、动词不定式、主语从句等充当。Sentence elements2.谓语谓语(Predicate)：说明主语的动作或状态，一般由及物动词和不及物动词充当。He likes travelling.She can play volleyball well.The boy is swimming.The sun has risen.及物动词及物动词 及物动词及物动词 不及物动词不及物动词 不及物动词不及物动词3.宾语宾语(Object):表示动作、行为的对象。表示动作、行为的对象。宾语一般可由名词、代词、数词、动名词、动词不定式、从句等充当。及物动词后称为动词宾语，介词后称为介词宾语。He read
5、s a book.He wants three.He likes swimming.She wants to fly.He waits for the chance.He loves her.I believe that well become good friends.名词名词 代词代词 数词数词 动名词动名词 不定式不定式 名词名词 (介宾介宾)宾语从句宾语从句 My brother hasnt done his homework.People all over the world speak English.My daughter bought me a beautiful dress.
6、4.宾语补足语宾语补足语(Object complement):用来补充说明宾语的情况。用来补充说明宾语的情况。可以由形容词、名词、副词、介词短语、不定式、现在分词、过去分词充当。I often encourage my students to study hard.Ill try to make my class interesting.I saw a fly flying over your head.You can call me Helen.I found him out when I got home.Members of a sentence 名词名词 不定式不定式 形容词形容词
7、现在分词现在分词v常带复合宾语的动词常带复合宾语的动词：think,consider,feel,find,want，have,see,hear,notice,make,get,leave,ask,keep.副词副词I consider your brother a clever boy.I found the classroom empty.I saw him enter the room.5.表语表语(Predicative)：用在系动词用在系动词(link-v.)之后之后,说明主语说明主语“是什么是什么”“怎么样怎么样”；一般可由名词、形容词、动名词、动词不定式、代词、数词、介词短语等充当
8、。She is a doctor.The cloth feels soft.His favorite sport is running.Your task is to find out the cost.The helper is him.The lucky number in China is eight.She is in the room.名词名词 形容词形容词 动名词动名词 代词代词不定式不定式数词数词介词短语介词短语Members of a sentenceThe day turns long.He gets angry.He seems ill.I couldnt fall asl
9、eep easily.The cloth feels smooth.I felt a hand touching my shoulder.He tasted the soup and it tasted delicious.link-v.vt.vt.link-v.1.We are the master of our future.2.The old man felt very sad.3.Our country will become stronger1.The train has arrived.3.They look sad.5.I found it lovely.2.I miss my
10、friends.4.They sent me a gift.Basic Sentence structures S主语主语V谓语谓语S主语主语 V谓语谓语O宾语宾语S主语主语Link-VP表语表语DO直接宾语直接宾语S主语主语V谓语谓语IO间接宾语间接宾语C补语补语S主语主语V谓语谓语O宾语宾语1.S+V1.S+V2.S+V+O2.S+V+O3.3.S+link-V+PS+link-V+P4.S+V+IO+DO4.S+V+IO+DO5.S+V+O+OC5.S+V+O+OC Class begins.The sun has risen.What he said does not matter.主
11、谓主谓(SV)：不及物动词：不及物动词(vi.)Sentence Sentence Structures Structures 1:S+V1:S+VPlease describe the pictures,using the structure S+V.The dog is running.The boy is laughing.Who knows the answer?He has refused to help them.He admitted that he was mistaken.主谓宾主谓宾(SVO)：及物动词：及物动词(vt.)Sentence Structure 2:SVOSe
12、ntence Structure 2:SVOPlease translate the sentences,using the structure S+V+O.1.我们学校修了很多新大楼。2.我们喜欢我们的新校园。Our school has built many new buildings.We like our new campus.有些及物动词可以有两个宾语有些及物动词可以有两个宾语:直接宾语直接宾语(Direct Object)和间接和间接宾语宾语(Indirect Object),称为双宾语。称为双宾语。这两个宾语往往这两个宾语往往一个指人一个指人(间接宾语间接宾语IO),另另一个指物
13、一个指物(直接宾语直接宾语DO).He gave me a book.间接宾语间接宾语直接宾语直接宾语Sentence Structure 3:S+V+IO+DOSentence Structure 3:S+V+IO+DO主谓双宾主谓双宾(S+V+IO+DO)间接宾语间接宾语一般放在一般放在直接宾语直接宾语之前。有时为了强调间接宾语之前。有时为了强调间接宾语，也可以将也可以将直直接宾语接宾语放在放在间接宾语间接宾语之前之前，要借助于介词要借助于介词toto或或forfor。He passed me the dictionary?（IOIO）（）（D DO O）He passed the dic
14、tionary to me.She bought me a beautiful dress.（I IO O）（）（D DO O）She bought a beautiful dress for me.此类常见动词：此类常见动词：pass,show,give,lend,hand,offer,tell,send,bring等等此类常见动词：此类常见动词：buy,cook,get,make,sing等等。主谓双宾主谓双宾(S+V+IO+DO)Sentence Structure 3:S+V+IO+DOSentence Structure 3:S+V+IO+DO1.She ordered hersel
15、f a new dress.2.She cooked her husband a delicious meal.3.He brought you a dictionary.4.He showed me how to run the machine.主谓宾主谓宾+宾补宾补(S+V+O+OC)Sentence Structure 4:S+V+O+OCSentence Structure 4:S+V+O+OC 他们发现房间脏了。他们发现房间脏了。They found the room dirty.我们看见他出去了。我们看见他出去了。We saw him out.他要我很快回来。他要我很快回来。He
16、asked me to come back soon.This is an English-Chinese dictionary.The dinner smells good.Everything looks different.The trouble is that they are short of money.主系表主系表(S+link-V+P)Sentence Structure 5:S+link-V+PSentence Structure 5:S+link-V+PSummary1.1.主谓主谓 (S+V)2.主谓宾主谓宾(S+V+O)3.主谓双宾主谓双宾(S+V+IO+DO)4.主谓
17、宾主谓宾+宾补宾补(S+V+O+OC)5.主系表主系表(S+link-V+P)1.The maths homework seems difficult.2.The teacher found the classroom empty.3.My mum bought me a new dictionary.4.Tom is looking forward to meeting the new exchange student.5.All students have arrived.Practice:Read the sentences and analyse the structure.主系表主系表(S+link-V+P)主谓宾主谓宾+宾补宾补(S+V+O+OC)主谓双宾主谓双宾(S+V+IO+DO)主谓宾主谓宾(S+V+O)主谓主谓(S+V)
