1、Period 2 Language PointsPERU is a country on the Pacific coast of South America with three main areas：narrow，dry，flat land running along the coast，the Andes Mountains，and the Amazon rainforest.on the coast of在.的海岸narrowadj 狭窄的，（心胸，视野）狭隘的狭窄的，（心胸，视野）狭隘的vi&vt使变窄使变窄narrowly adv.勉强地勉强地narrow escape 死里逃生a
2、 narrow victory 险胜秘鲁是一个位于南美洲太平洋海岸的国家，主要有三秘鲁是一个位于南美洲太平洋海岸的国家，主要有三个地区：狭窄的个地区：狭窄的、干燥的、平坦的陆地沿海岸延伸，、干燥的、平坦的陆地沿海岸延伸，安第斯山脉和亚马逊雨林。安第斯山脉和亚马逊雨林。powerful adj.强有力的强有力的power n.能力，力量，职权，能量，电力能力，力量，职权，能量，电力powerless adj.无权势的无权势的be in power当权，执政当权，执政(表状态，可和一段时间连用表状态，可和一段时间连用)come to/into power上台当权上台当权(表短暂性动作，不能和一段时
3、表短暂性动作，不能和一段时间连用间连用)have the power to do sth.有做某事的能力有做某事的能力/权力权力beyond/out of ones power某人力所不能及的某人力所不能及的in/within ones power 在某人能力范围内在某人能力范围内the centre of.的中心(1)The party _ power at the last election.这个政党在上次大选中当权执政。这个政党在上次大选中当权执政。(2)She had the power _(control)the situation.她有能力控制局面。她有能力控制局面。(3)I am
4、 sorry its _ my power to make such a decision.对不起，我无权做此决定。对不起，我无权做此决定。(4)This kind of animals has some_(power)teeth.这种动物有强大的牙齿。这种动物有强大的牙齿。(5)He_ for ten years but still doesnt want to leave office.他已经执政十年了，但仍然不想下台。他已经执政十年了，但仍然不想下台。to controlbeyond/out ofpowerfulhas been in powercame to/into A milita
5、ry junta(军政府军政府)took control of the country.政变上台的军政府政变上台的军政府接管接管了这个国家。了这个国家。Why not take control of the situation?为何不为何不控制控制这个局面呢？这个局面呢？1.Spain took control of Peru in the 16th century and ruled until 1821.西班牙在西班牙在1616世纪世纪控制了控制了秘鲁，秘鲁，一直一直统治秘鲁到统治秘鲁到18211821年。年。take control of关于关于 control 的词组：的词组：lose
6、 control of 失去对失去对的控制的控制be in control of 控制，管理控制，管理(主语是人）主语是人）be in the control of 由由.控制控制(主语是物）主语是物）be under control 在控制下在控制下Students are encouraged to take control_their own study,rather than just depend on the teacher.Im sorry.I recognise that I have to bring my temper _control.He is in control o
7、f the company.I mean,the company is in_ control of him.The car _ _ _ _/_ _(失控)and rolled down.ofunderthewent out of control lost controluntil conj.,prep up to the point in time or the event mentioned 到到时，直到时，直到为止为止 I watched TV until my mother came back.我看电视一我看电视一直到直到妈妈回来为止。妈妈回来为止。Until now,I have a
8、lways lived alone.直到直到现在，我一直独立生活。现在，我一直独立生活。I did not go to bed until my mother came back.我我直到直到妈妈回来妈妈回来才才上床睡觉。上床睡觉。Not until we pointed out their fault to them did they realize it.直到直到我们向他们指出了他们的错误，他们我们向他们指出了他们的错误，他们才才 认识到。认识到。not.until 直到直到才才强调动作开始强调动作开始until到到时时强调动作结束强调动作结束ItisforthisreasonthatSp
9、anishisthemainofficiallanguageofPeru.本句是强调句式，强调了原因状语本句是强调句式，强调了原因状语for this reason强调句式结构：强调句式结构：1)Itis+被强调部分被强调部分+that/who+剩余部分剩余部分2)强调句式的强调句式的一般疑问句一般疑问句：Is/was+it+被强调部分被强调部分+that/who+剩余部分剩余部分3)强调句式的强调句式的特殊疑问句特殊疑问句：疑问词：疑问词+is/wasitthat.?4)强调强调until的强调句的强调句：Itis/wasnotuntil.that.2.强调句型的判断：去掉强调句型的判断：去
10、掉It is/was 与与 that/who 后，剩余部分后，剩余部分若结构完整、句意明确，则为强调句，否则不是。若结构完整、句意明确，则为强调句，否则不是。1.注：在强调句式中，引导词用注：在强调句式中，引导词用that。如被强调部分指。如被强调部分指人，可用人，可用who，指人做宾语时用，指人做宾语时用whom其他一律用其他一律用that.3.被强调部分无论是单数还是复数，被强调部分无论是单数还是复数，It 后的后的be动词均用单数形动词均用单数形式，即用式，即用is或者或者was，根据时态确定。，根据时态确定。Eg：It was Madame Curie and her husband
11、who discovered radium.【语境应用语境应用】句型改写句型改写I met Li Hua at the hospital yesterday.强调强调主语主语_ _强调宾语强调宾语_ _强调地点状语强调地点状语_ _强调时间状语强调时间状语_ _It was I that/who met Li Hua at the hospital yesterday.It was at the hospital that I met Li Hua yesterday.It was yesterday that I met Li Hua at the hospital.It was Li Hu
12、a that/whom I met at the hospital yesterday.In the 1400s and 1500s,Peru was the centre of the powerful ancient Inca Empire.The Inca emperor lived in the now-famous site Machu Picchu.Spain took control of Peru in the 16th century and ruled until 1821.It is for this reason that Spanish is the main off
13、icial language of Peru.在在1414世纪和世纪和1616世纪，秘鲁是强大的古代印加帝国的中世纪，秘鲁是强大的古代印加帝国的中心。印加皇帝住在现在著名的地点马丘比丘。西班牙在心。印加皇帝住在现在著名的地点马丘比丘。西班牙在1616世纪控制了秘鲁，并一直统治到世纪控制了秘鲁，并一直统治到18211821年。正因为如此，西年。正因为如此，西班牙语才是秘鲁的主要官方语言。班牙语才是秘鲁的主要官方语言。recoginise/recognizevt辨别出；承认辨别出；承认,意识到意识到recognition n.认出，认识（U）recognize sb/sth by通过通过.认出某人
14、或某物认出某人或某物recognize sb as/to be把把看做看做be recognized as/to be 被看做被看做/视作视作类似：consider astreat.asregard asthink of asIt is recognized that 人们意识到人们意识到.eg:I recognize you by your back.Amazon Rainforest Tourtake spend cost pay用法区别1.take以物作主语，表示“花”时间，后常接双宾语。句型结构为：It takes/took(sb.)+时间+to do sth.“做某事花费某人多少时间
15、”，eg：It takes several weeks to complete everything2.spend以人作主语，可表示“花”时间或金钱，常用结构：sb.spend some time/money(in doing sth.)sb.spend some time/money on sth.eg：I spent two hours finishing my homework yesterday.3.cost主语是物，主要表示“花”金钱。句型结构为:“sth.+cost+sb.+money某物花了某人多少钱”eg:This skirt cost me 120 yuan.4.pay主语为
16、人，后常跟介词for，句型结构为：“sb.pay money for sth.某人花了钱买某物”“sb.pay for sth.某人为付钱/付出代价”eg:She paid ten dollars for the magazine.Can I pay for each item separately(分别地)?1.The car _ him around ten thousand US dollars.2.It _ me half an hour to find the boy.3.I _ 20 yuan for her book.4.I _ 20 yuan on the book.5.It
17、_ me half an hour to climb up the mountain.6.I _ half an hour climbing up the mountains.costtookpaidspenttookspentbe unique to sb/sth.belonging to or connected with one particular person,place or thing 是是.独具的，特有的独具的，特有的 This lively atmosphere is unique to New York.The koala is unique to Australia.A
18、short flight from Cusco takes you from the Andes into the Amazon rainforest.From there,youll spend one day travelling by boat to your accommodation in the middle of the forest.You can then spend three days exploring the rainforest with a local guide and enjoying the plants and animals unique to the
19、rainforest.从库斯科出发的短途航班航班带你从安第斯山脉前往亚马孙雨林。从那里，你将花一天时间乘船乘船前往位于森林中间森林中间的住处住处。在接下来的三天里，你可以在当地导游的陪同下，深入雨林进行探索，欣赏雨林独有的独有的动植物。Machu PicchuTourEspecially amazing is the Incas dry stone method of buliding.表语提前引起的全倒装句正常语序：The Incas dry stone method of building is especially amazing.Inca builders cut stones to
20、exact size so that nothing was needed to hold walls together other than the perfect fit of the stones.印加的建筑工人将石头切割成精确的尺寸，仅仅凭着印加的建筑工人将石头切割成精确的尺寸，仅仅凭着石头间的完美契合，即可稳固墙体。石头间的完美契合，即可稳固墙体。=except 除.以外与与thanthan有关的其他短语有关的其他短语 1.To be honest,I dont know any French people other than you.诚实地说，除了你我不认识别的法国人。2.The
21、 little girl is no more than 4 years old.However,she can play the piano.女孩仅仅4岁，然而，她会弹钢琴。3.Motorways actually cover less than 0.1 percent of the countryside.农村地区高速公路的实际覆盖率不到0.1%。no more than 仅仅；不超过，至多 no less than 多达 rather than 而不是 less than 少于，不超过This four-day walking tour will take you on amazing
22、paths through the Andes Mountains on the way to the city of Machu Picchu.After reaching your destination，you will have a day to explore and be amazed by this ancient city.Especially amazing is the Incas dry stone method of building.Inca builders cut stones to exact sizes so that nothing was needed t
23、o hold walls together other than the perfect fit of the stones.这次为期四天的徒步旅行将带你在通往马丘比丘的途这次为期四天的徒步旅行将带你在通往马丘比丘的途中，踏上穿越安第斯山脉的神奇之路。到达目的地后，中，踏上穿越安第斯山脉的神奇之路。到达目的地后，你将有一天时间探索这座令人惊叹的古城。特别令人惊你将有一天时间探索这座令人惊叹的古城。特别令人惊奇的是印加人的干式石头搭砌的建造方法。印加的建筑奇的是印加人的干式石头搭砌的建造方法。印加的建筑工人将石头切割成精确的尺寸，仅仅凭着石头间的完美工人将石头切割成精确的尺寸，仅仅凭着石头间的完
24、美贴合，即可稳固墙体。贴合，即可稳固墙体。Cusco Touradmire vt.to look at sth and think that it is attractive and/or impressive 欣赏欣赏admirable adj.值得赞扬的admirer n.爱慕者 admiration n.钦佩;赞赏admire sb.for(doing)sth.因某事而钦佩某人因某事而钦佩某人eg:I admire her for her honesty.1.The school is widely _ for it excellent teaching.2.She did an _ j
25、ob of holding the audiences attention.3.I have always had the greast _ for him.4.我第一次见到他时就钦佩他，而且我现在依然认为他很优秀。I _ when I first met him and I still think he is excellent.admiredadmirableadmirationadmired him Spend four days enjoying the unique Spanish and local Indian culture high in the Andes at Cusco
26、,the capital of the Inca Empire from the 13th until the 16th century.Stay in a local hotel,visit the museums,admire the architecture,enjoy the excellent local food,and go shopping at the local markets.在安第斯山脉高处的库斯科，花四天时间享受独特的西班牙和当地印第安文化。库斯科是13世纪至16世纪印加帝国的首都。入住当地酒店，参观博物馆，欣赏欣赏建筑，品尝当地美食品尝当地美食，并在当地市场购物。L
27、ake TiticacaTourEnjoy the beautiful countryside as you spend a day driving along the new highway connecting Cusco to Lake Titicaca.=when沿着连接库斯科和的的咖咖湖的新建公路，驱车行驶一日，全程饱览乡村美景。be made up of 由由.组成组成（部分由整体组成）（部分由整体组成）我们班我们班由由46个学生个学生组成组成。Our class is made up of 46 students.电脑其电脑其由由不同的部件不同的部件组成组成。A computer
28、 is made up of many different parts.make 其他短语make up 构成；化妆；编造make up for 弥补；补偿make out 辨认清楚；理解；明白（事理）make use of 利用make sense 有意义；讲得通make mistakes 犯错make up ones mind to do sth 下定决心做某事Enjoy the beautiful countryside as you spend a day driving along the new highway connecting Cusco to Lake Titicaca.There,a boat will take you to stay with a local Uros family on an island for three days.Both the island and the Uros homes are made of water plants from the lake.沿着连接库斯科到的的喀喀湖的新公路，你可以欣赏美丽欣赏美丽的乡村的乡村。在那里，一艘船将带你去与岛上当地的乌鲁斯人家庭住在一起三天。岛屿和乌鲁斯人的住宅均由湖中的水生植物制成制成。
