1、AirwayHyperresponsivenessPlasmaleakageMucus hypersecretionInflammatorycell recruitmentand activationNeural activationVirus-infected epitheliumNakano,Y.et al.Chest 2002;122:271S-a-275S-aPathophysiologic schema for the development of asthmaCopyright 3M Pharmaceuticals 2004Vignola,A.M.et al.Chest 2003;
2、123:417S-a-422S-aIncreased thickness of the basement membrane(arrow),and enhanced and abnormal deposition of fibronectin,which is identified by immunohistochemistry using a specific monoclonal antibody(dashed arrow),in the bronchial submucosaIncreased thickness of the basement membrane,and enhanced
3、and abnormal deposition of collagen in the bronchial submucosaAirway inflammationAirflow obstructionBronchial hyperresponsiveness SymptomsSymptoms(episodic/variable)wheezeshortness of breathchest tightnesscoughSignsnone(common)wheeze diffuse,bilateral,expiratory(inspiratory)tachypneaHelpful addition
4、al informationpersonal/family history of asthma or atopy history of worsening after aspirin/NSAID,blocker userecognised triggers pollens,dust,animals,exercise,viral infections,chemicals,irritantspattern and severity of symptoms and exacerbationsReliever:nInhaled beta agonist prnPEF:80%PEF:80%PEF:60%
5、PEF:60-80%$Bronchodilators Relaxing bronchial smooth muscle to open up the airway.$Anti-inflammatory agents Inhibiting the development of airway inflammation and stopping ongoing inflammation.In combination,treat and prevent reversible airway obstruction and airway hyperresponsiveness,relieve the sy
6、mptom and decrease the exacerbation.$Long-term control medication(Controller)Corticosteriods Cromolyn/nedocromil Long acting 2 agonists(LABA)Leukotriene modifier$Quick relief medication(Rescuer)Short-acting 2 agonists Theophylline Anticholinergics Systemic Corticosteriods$Oxygen therapy and mechanical ventilation$Short-acting 2 agonists$Aminophylline$Anticholinergics$Corticosteriods$Same as acute exacerbation of asthma$Fluid infusion$Modification of acidosis$Antibiotics$Maintenance of electrolyte balance$Resolution of complications 此课件下载可自行编辑修改，供参考！感谢您的支持，我们努力做得更好！
