1、十、特殊句式考点1两种形式的倒装句1.部分倒装(1)将含有否定意义的副词或连词置于句首时引起部分倒装结构。这类词(组)有:never,seldom,rarely,little,few,at no time,by no means,no longer,hardly/scarcely.when.,no sooner.than.,notonly.but also.,not until,nowhere,neither.nor.等。*We laugh at jokes,but seldom do we think about how they work.(2)“only+状语”置于句首时,主句要进行部分
2、倒装。*Only when he returned did we find out the truth.(3)so/such.that.结构中的so,such连同它所修饰的成分共同位于句首表示强调时,主句要用部分倒装。*So beautiful was the girl that she won the championship in the beauty contest.(4)表示前面所说的情况也适合于后者时,用倒装结构“so/neither/nor+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语”(so表示肯定意义,neither/nor表示否定意义)。*This is not my story;nor
3、is it the whole story.My story plays out differently.2.全部倒装here,there,now,then,out,in,up,down,away,on the wall,in the room等表示地点、时间或方位的副词或介词短语置于句首,且句子主语是名词时,句子用全部倒装。*By the window sat a young man with a magazine in his hand.【题组训练】1.Next door to ours _(live)a black couple,who seem to have settled in t
4、his community for quite a long time.2.The parents didnt tolerate their kids rudeness at the party;nor _ they allow themselves to be disobeyed.livedid3.Absurd _ it might sound,everyone present was amused by his adventure story in Africa.4.On the top of the hill _(stand)a temple where the old man once
5、 lived.as/thoughstands考点2 起强调作用的两种常见方式1.强调句型(1)强调句型的基本结构:It is/was+被强调的部分+that+句子其他部分。该句型可对句子的主语、表语、宾语、同位语、状语等进行强调。当强调部分是人,且作主语时,引导词也可用who。*The whip gets all of the attention,but its mostly for show.In reality,it is the chair that does the important work.【点津】强调主语时要注意连接词与谓语的一致性。*It is our teacher who
6、/that helps us make great progress.(2)强调句型的一般疑问句结构:Is/Was+it+被强调的部分+that/who+句子其他部分?*Was it you that/who let out the secret to her?(3)强调句型的特殊疑问句结构:特殊疑问词+is/was+it+that/who+句子其他部分?*When was it that he made up his mind to take this course?【点津】由疑问词引导的强调结构作宾语从句时,从句必须使用陈述语序。*He asked me who it was that t
7、ook his umbrella by mistake.(4)not.until.句型的强调句型结构:It is/was not until.+that+句子其他部分。*It was not until twelve oclock last night that I went to bed.2.强调谓语动词用助动词do,does或did来强调谓语动词,用于一般现在时和一般过去时的肯定的陈述句中,do还可以用于祈使句。*The family did manage to send him to a technical school.【点津】强调句型与3大从句的区别类类 型型区区 别别与主与主语语从
8、句从句强调句型去掉强调句型去掉It is/was和和that之后之后,句句子结构仍然完整子结构仍然完整,而主语从句却不能而主语从句却不能It is there that accidents often happen.(强调句强调句)It is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.(主语从句主语从句)类类 型型区区 别别与定与定语从语从句句强调句中强调句中that没有意义没有意义,且不作任何且不作任何成分成分,而定语从句中而定语从句中that为关系代词为关系代词,在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语在从句中
9、充当主语、宾语或表语It is novels that Miss William enjoys reading.(强调句强调句)It is a question that needs careful consideration.(定语从句定语从句)类类 型型区区 别别与时与时间状间状语语从句从句强调句型去掉强调句型去掉It is/was和和that后后,结构结构完整完整,而而It is.when.中中,it指代时指代时间间It was at six oclock that I got up today.(强调句强调句)It was six oclock when I got up today.
10、(时间状语从句时间状语从句)【题组训练】1.Lily said that it was because of her strong interest in medicine _ she chose the course.that2.(2018长春模拟)But the fighting scenes alone dont explain the movies successits also the patriotism(爱国主义)and spirit of the film projects _ have deeply impressed Chinese audiences.世纪金榜导学号790
11、60255that3.This technology did not spread to Europe until the 19th century,and it was by using the technology _the Americans drilled the first oil well in Pennsylvania in 1859.4.It was not until I returned to China this winter after living so long abroad _ I began to experience safety and happiness.
12、thatthat考点3 省略句的3种类型1.状语从句中的省略:当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致或从句的主语为it,且从句谓语中有be动词时,可以省略状语从句中的主语和be动词。*The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise,if carried out regularly,can improve our health.【点津】常用的省略结构if ever如果有过的话;if busy如果忙的话;if anything如果有什么的话;if possible如果可能的话;if so如果那样的话;if not如果不的话。*She seldom
13、,if ever,goes to the theatre.2.动词不定式的省略不定式符号to的省略:a.感官动词或使役动词(如feel,see,hear,notice,let,make,have等)后接不定式作宾语补足语时省略to。*I heard someone sing in the next room.b.在do nothing but,cant help but,why not,would rather.than.;prefer to do.rather than.等句型中省略to。*He did nothing but wait all the time.不定式省略:a.使用不定式符
14、号to来代替整个不定式,常在be afraid,expect,forget,hope,intend,like,love,mean,prefer,refuse,seem,try,want,wish等后面。*John didnt pass his driving test,but I expected him to.b.在某些形容词glad,happy,pleased,delighted等后面使用不定式符号to来代替整个不定式。*Will you join in the game?Id be glad to.c.如果不定式中含有be,have,have been,通常保留be,have和have
15、been。*Are you a sailor?No,but I used to be.3.用so或not等替代上文的内容Im afraid,I think,I believe,I hope,I guess等作答语,后面so与not分别等于肯定和否定,宾语从句可省略。*Maybe I will be proven wrong,but I hope not.【题组训练】1.Who should be responsible for the action?The boss is to blame.The employees just carried out the order as _(tell).
16、2.When _(expose)to danger and conflict,men tend to increase blood pressure,feeling nervous or anxious.toldexposed3.The city now is much noisier than it used _(be).4.I may take a long lunch break tomorrow.If _,I can go to the hairdressers then.to beso考点4 感叹句的7种句式(1)How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!(2)How+形容词+a/an+可数
17、名词单数+主语+谓语!(3)How+主语+谓语!(4)What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!(5)What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语!(6)What+形容词+复数名词+主语+谓语!(7)What+名词+主语+谓语!*How clever the boy is!/How clever a boy he is!/What a clever boy he is!【题组训练】单句改错1.I try not to show the passers-by what scared I really am,but its not possible.世纪金榜导学号79060256()wha
18、thow2.(2018衡水模拟)How a wonderful time Ill have during the winter holiday!()3.(2018钦州模拟)I was surprised at what beautifully I wrote!()HowWhatwhathow.语法填空解题技法【考题在线】1.(2017天津高考)It was when I got back to my apartment _I first came across my new neighbors.2.Whenever _(inform)of a party,I feel excited.that
19、informed3.Do you think George has passed the driving test?No.If _,he would have driven his car to our college yesterday.so【技法点拨】解题两步骤第1步 注意分析句式结构,确定为何种特殊句式。第2步 根据特殊句式的结构特点填入适当的词。.短文改错解题技法【考题在线】1.It is ones inner beauty matters.()2.Only then I start to appreciate the importance of developing a good habit.()在beauty后加thatI前加did【技法点拨】遇到特殊句式,要注意主谓一致、强调句、倒装句、省略句、感叹句等的构成特点。
