1、Words and expressions Unit 11.creative adj.创造性的；有创造力的；有创意的creatively adv.创造性地;有创造力地vt.创造;发明 n.创造性;创造力createcreativity一位有创造力的作家 A good teacher can encourage artistic _(create)new things.a creative writerto create2.former adj.以前的;(两者中)前者的latteradj.以后的;(两者中)后者的He learned a lot from the photos of the fo
2、rmer temple.他从以前寺庙的照片中学到很多。Of the two opinions,the latter is better than the former.这两种意见中后者比前者好。Studies and play are both necessary to us._ give us knowledge,and _ gives us rest.学业和娱乐对我们都是很必要的。前者赋予我们知识，后者让我们获得休息。The former the latter3.preserve vt.保存;保护;维持 n.保护区preservationn.保护;保存preserve from/again
3、st doing sth.a nature preserve保护.免受.自然保护区保留这些传统习俗preserve these traditional customs 保护濒危物种免遭灭绝preserve endangered species from extinction well-preservedagj.保存完好的4.promote vt.促进;提升;推销;晋级 promotion n.晋升;促销;促进promote international cooperation 促进国际合作promote better communication and understanding 促进更好的理解
4、与沟通promote sb.to sth.把某人提拔到某个职位上5.applicationn申请申请(表表)；用途；运用；应用；用途；运用；应用(程序程序)(1)apply vt&vi(2)applicant n(3)applied adjapply forapply oneself to(doing)sthapply sth to sth apply to sb for sth.=make an application to for应用；运用应用；运用;申请；请求申请；请求申请人申请人应用的应用的申请申请致力于致力于(做做)某事某事把把应用到应用到（向（向）申请）申请app n.应用程序；应
5、用软件（application 的缩略形式）a job applicationa letter of applicationfill in an application forma written application formcollege applicationsmake an application to求职申请求职申请申请信申请信填写申请表填写申请表书面申请书面申请大学（入学）申请大学（入学）申请向向.提出申请提出申请1)A number of college graduates didnt apply _ a job for a variety of reasons.2)There
6、 were at least two hundred _(apply)for this job.3)Id appreciate it so much if you could possibly consider my (apply)_.for applicantsapplication 6.take part in 参与(某事);参加(某活动)take an active part in 积极参加发挥重要作用信任在友谊中起着重要作用。Trust plays an important part in friendship.play an important part in 参加”的其他表达：1.
7、join in 参加一项活动 2.join 加入某种团体或组织，并成为其中的一员 3.attend 加会议、婚礼、葬礼、典礼或上学、上课、听讲座等give in:让步;屈服 give up:放弃;投降in this way 通过这种方式；这样in a way 从某一角度；在某种程度上make ones way to 前往in the/ones way 挡路by the way 顺便说一下7.give way to 让步；屈服；替代1、You should be prepared to stop and the ambulance.2、，Im glad you made that mistake
8、，for it will serve as a warning to you.在某种程度上说，你犯那个错误我倒感到高兴，因为它可以为你敲一下警钟。在某种程度上说，你犯那个错误我倒感到高兴，因为它可以为你敲一下警钟。3、Mrs Smith finds it hard to clear up the mess，as her children are always _ whenever she tries to.史密斯太太发现很难收拾那些乱七八糟的东西，因为每当她试图要做的时候史密斯太太发现很难收拾那些乱七八糟的东西，因为每当她试图要做的时候 她的孩子们总是妨碍她。她的孩子们总是妨碍她。4、Thou
9、gh it was raining hard，he school.尽管雨下得很大，他还是朝学校赶去。尽管雨下得很大，他还是朝学校赶去。give way to In a way in the way made his way to【即学即练】8.balance(1)keep(ones)balance保持平衡lose(ones)balance 失去平衡out of balance 不平衡keep the balance of.保持的平衡(2)balanced adj.平稳的；安定的；和谐的keep a balanced diet 保持均衡的饮食(3)balance.and/with.同等重视/兼顾
10、和balance sth.against sth.使与抵消；权衡与队长带领他的团队取得了胜利。The captain led his team to victory.缺乏自信会导致很多痛苦。A lack of confidence can lead to a lot of suffering.9.lead to 导致导致leadledled,to为介词，后面可跟名词或动名词。表示表示“导致导致”的表达法的表达法他的粗心大意导致了这场交通事故。Hiscarelessnessledtothetrafficaccident.10、proposaln.提议，建议1、But the proposal l
11、ed to protests.(P4)但这项但这项 引发了抗议。引发了抗议。提议2、The government made a proposal but many people were opposed to it.政府 ，但有很多人反对它。提出了一个建议3、My math teacher proposed making more practices,but his proposal was ignored by us.我的数学老师 要多做练习，但是他的 被我们忽视了。建议propose vt.提议，建议propose doing sth 建议做某事make a proposal 提出建议建议
12、proposal n.建议，提议建议，提议 make a proposal 提出建议提出建议 the proposal to do.做做的建议的建议propose v.提议；建议；推荐；计划提议；建议；推荐；计划 propose doing sth 建议做建议做某事某事 propose sb as 提名某人作为提名某人作为 propose that sb./sth.(should)do.建议建议proposer n.提议者提议者,提案者提案者【归纳拓展】(1)His proposal (put)off the meeting was rejected the day before yester
13、day.他的关于延期开会的提议前天被否决了。(2)He proposed (change)the name of the company.他建议更改公司的名称。(3)I proposed that we (hold)a meeting next week.I that we a meeting next week.(proposal)【同位语从句，用虚拟语气，“should do”，should 可以省略】我提出了我们下个星期开会的建议。to putchanging(should)holdmade a proposal(should)hold【即学即练】protest about/agains
14、t/at.:反对某事11.protest n.抗议 v.(公开)反对;抗议protests from 来自.的抗议under protest 无奈地;不服气地;不甘心地hold a protest 举行抗议lead to protests 导致/引发抗议12.likely可能的 adv.可能地It is likely that you could suffer from bad health if you keep smoking.He is likely to come late tomorrow morning.It is likely+that 从句从句sb/sth be likely
15、to do他提出修一座新水坝的建议。这个提议很可能会破坏文化遗物。合成一句话：（定语从句）：He made a proposal to build a new dam.This proposal is likely to damage cultural relics.This proposal which he made to build a new dam is likely to damage cultural relics.they will be fired by the company because of their fault.由于他们的过错，他们很可能被公司开除。It is l
16、ikely that13、turn to一词多义思考列句子中turn to的汉语意思(1)The government turned to the United Nations for help in 1959.(P4)_(2)It is time he turned his mind to more serious problems._(3)Open your books，turn to page 21，and read Part B carefully._(4)Dont always turn to the dictionary when you come to a new word._求
17、助于求助于转向转向翻到翻到查阅查阅求助于；转向；翻到（页）；查阅 turn down 调小；拒绝 turn up 调大；出现 turn out 结果,证明是；出席 turn over 移交；打翻;翻阅；turn away 拒绝入内；把打发走 (1)Tom had to the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy.(2)The local police him to the FBI under pressure(3)At last，I still dont know who is the man I for h
18、elp.【词汇拓展】【即学即练】turn downturnedoverturn to14.limit vt._ n._ 观察思考Try to limit your speech to five minutes.In my opinion,we should limit our expense what we can afford.依我看,我们应该把费用控制在可以支付的范围内。Our life has a limit,but knowledge is without limit.生命有限,知识无涯。归纳总结without limit _ limitto_联系拓展be limited to _ w
19、ithin the limits of_put/set a limit to_限制;限定界限;限度无限(制)地把限定在的范围内受限制于在的范围内对限制limit sb to do(doing)sth.限制某人做某事15.prevent1.A committee was established to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and prevent the loss of cultural relics?2.His back injury may prevent him from playing in tomorrows game.preven
20、t(from)doing 阻止做某事3.The police tried by all means to prevent him from being killed.用于被动句时，介词from不可省略。stop sb(from)doing sth keep sb from doing sth discourage sb from doing sth阻止做某事联想拓展：vt.阻止;阻碍;阻挠24Summarypreventionn.预防;阻止preventableadj.可预防的;可阻止的preventiveadj.预防性的;防备的1.Smoking is the biggest cause o
21、f death and disease.用prevent的相关知识填空preventable 2.We must take measures to reduce crime in the area.preventive 2.We hope to anything unpleasant happening.prevent from16.loss n.丧失；损失1.If you say that you are at a loss,you mean that you do not know what to do in a particular situation.be at a loss 不知所措
22、；茫然不知lost adj.丢失的;迷路的;迷失的2.Harry just stood there,lost in thought.(be)lost in sth 专注于某事/某物；沉浸于某事/某物loselose sight of lose heart lose weight lose ones temper忽略;忘记;看不见 减肥灰心;丧气发脾气v.失去;丢失;不明白;浪费;错过（lost;lost;losing)contribution n.贡献，捐款贡献，捐款 make a contribution to make contributions to contribute v.捐献；贡献
23、；投稿；导致捐献；贡献；投稿；导致 contribute.to.把把贡献给贡献给 contribute to 有助于；导致；把有助于；导致；把(时间时间)投入到投入到；捐款；投稿捐款；投稿对对做出贡献；捐款做出贡献；捐款17.contribution(1)He has the companys success.他对公司的成功做出了重要的贡献。(2)The government should honor the engineer for the (contribute)he has made to the citys development.政府应该尊重这位工程师对城市发展所做的贡献。(3)We
24、 hope your suggestion will (solve)the problem.我们希望你的建议有助于解决这个问题。(4)The volunteers the project so they deserved to be praised.志愿者为工程奉献出自己的时间，因此他们值得表扬。contributionscontribute to solvingcontributed their own time tomade an important contribution to【即学即练】18.conduct n.行为；举止；管理方法conduct vt.组织；安排；带领组织；安排；带
25、领He has trouble understanding that other people judge him by his social skills and his conduct.His conduct disagrees with his words.A guide conducted us around the museum.We are conducting a survey to find out what people think of their local bus service.n.行为行为n.行为行为v.带领带领v.组织组织19.donatevt.捐赠；赠送例：1.
26、The retired man donated most of his savings to the school damaged by the earthquake.2.Many people have donated that type of blood.donator n.捐赠者donation n.捐赠；捐赠物donateto 向捐赠donate blood 献血attemptn.企图;尝试;试图make an attempt to do sth/at doing sthat the first/second attemptin an attempt to do sthattempt
27、to do sthvt.企图;尝试;试图attempt第一/二次尝试企图做某事为了做某事企图做某事attemptedadj.未遂的attempted murder/suicide谋杀/自杀未遂一句多译一句多译囚犯们试图越狱，但失败了。(escape)The prisoner attempted to escape but failed.The prisoner made an attempt to escape/at escaping but failed.The prisoner attempt an escape but failed.20.attempt make sure(that)确
28、保；弄清楚 make sure of(doing)sth 21.make sure 确保；设法保证；查明，弄清楚【归纳拓展】make sure to do 确信;确保be sure of(doing)sth.一定会做某事；某事肯定会发生be sure to do sth.一定会做某事；务必要做某事Exercise:(1)We have to set down rules to _ the children are taken good care of.(2)She is not sure _ getting her diploma(毕业证).make sure thatofadj.值得做的;值
29、得花时间的It is worthwhile to do sth/doing sth 值得做某事worth adj.值得的;有的价值 n.价值;意义sth be worth sth/doing 值得某事/做某事(主动表被动）worthy adj.可敬的;值得/应得的be worthy of sth 值得某事be worthy of being done/to be done 值得做某事1.This is a matter of note.worthy 用worth的相关形式填空2.Its hardly mentioning.worth 3.Its to discuss the question
30、again.worthwhile 22.worthwhilea worthwhile job/cause 值得干的工作/崇高的事业vt./vi.forgave,forgiven 原谅；宽恕例：They forgave him his rudeness.The pain was acute,and I couldnt forgive Danny for leaving me.forgive sb.for(doing)sth.原谅某人（做某事）forgive sb.sth.原谅某人某事parison 比较(1)by/in comparison(with sb./sth.)（与某人/某物）相比较(2
31、)make a comparison 进行对比 compare vt.比较(3)compare A with B 把A和B相比较(4)compare A to B 把A和B相比较，把A比作BExercise:(1)Its difficult to make a_(compare)with her previous(以前的)book.(2)People often compare a teacher _ a gardener(园丁)who takes great care of various parisonto25.Constrast n.对照，对比 V.对照，对比In contrast=on the contraryBy contrast in/by contrast to/withContrast with与之相反与之相反相比之下相比之下与与形成对比形成对比与与.相比相比 If you contrast some of her early writing _her laterwork,you can see just how much she improved.with
