1、定 语 从 句Pre-testAttributive ClausePre-testPre-test1.The Parkers bought a new house but will need a lot of work before they can move in.A.they B.it C.one D.which2.Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings shed tears,none of has been proved.A.whom B.which C.what D.thatNote:None of t
2、he theories has been proved.3.Creating an atmosphere employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.A.as B.whose C.in which D.at whichNote:Employees feel part of a team in the atmosphere.4.The exact year Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008.A.when B.where C.why D.which Note:Angel
3、a and her family spent the year together in China.5.The books,covers are shiny,are prizes for us.A.which B.what C.whose D.thatNote:Covers of the books are shiny.of which=whose6.It is a truly delightful place,looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottag
4、es.A.when B.where C.why D.which Note:The place looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago.7.I didnt become a climber until the fifth grade I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree.A.when B.where C.which D.whyNote:I went up to rescue a kite in the fifth grade.in whic
5、h=when8.Well reach the sales targets in a month we set at the beginning of the year.A.which B.where C.when D.what Note:We set the sales targets at the beginning of the year.9.Until now,we have raised 50,000 pounds for the poor children,is quite unexpected.A.that B.which C.who D.it10.Please send us a
6、ll the information you have about the candidate for the position.A.that B.which C.as D.whatNote:1.You have all the information about the candidate for the position.2.先行词中有all，关系代词一般只用that，不用which。11.English is a language shared by several diverse cultures,uses it differently.A.all of which B.each of
7、 which C.all of them D.each of themNote:Each of the cultures uses it differently.12.I explained on the phone,your request will be considered at the meeting.A.When B.After C.As D.WhichNote:先行词为后面的一句话，当定语从句放在句首时必须用as。13.Families have also experienced changes these years.More families consist of one pa
8、rent households or two working parents;consequently,children are likely to have less supervision at home was common in the traditional family structure.A.than B.that C.which D.asNote:than可引导定语从句。than在此处指代supervision。The supervision was common in the traditional family structure.14.He is quite worn o
9、ut from years of hard work.He is not the man he was twenty years ago.A.which B.that C.who D.whomNote:He was the man twenty years ago.关系代词在定语从句中作表语时，只能用that不能用who。15.Quality is counts most.A.which B.that C.what D.whereNote:what=中心词+thatAttributive ClauseAttributive ClauseAttributive ClauseAttributive
10、 Clause定语从句在句中修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词（词组）或代词也称为先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（包括关系代词和关系副词）引导。关系代词：who,whom,whose,that,which等。关系副词：when,where,why等。限定性定语从句充当先行词的修饰成分修饰成分,与先行词关系紧密紧密。e.g.He is a man who means what he says.非限定性定语从句与先行词关系松散松散,它只对先行词起解释解释、说明说明和补充补充作用。e.g.The man,who delivered a speech at the meeting,was
11、 the president of the company.1.由由关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词所代替的先行词是表示人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。限定性定语从句指代人指代物主语主语宾语宾语定语定语who/thatwhich/thatwhom/thatwhich/thatwhose(=of which)whose(=of which)Is he the man who/that wants to see you?A prosperity which/that had nev
12、er been seen before appears in the countryside.He is the man(whom/that)we all respect.The package(which/that)you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.Please pass me the book whose cover is green.非限定性定语从句指代人指代物主语主语宾语宾语定语定语whowhichwhomwhich
13、whose(=of which)whose(=of which)Charles Smith,who was my former teacher,retired last year.He seems not to have grasped what I meant,which greatly upsets me.The small man,in the raincoat,whom nobody recognize,turned out to be Thomas boss.My house,which I bought last year,has got a lovely garden.The g
14、unman,whose mask had slipped,fled.The play,whose style is rigidly formal,is typical of the period.2.由关系副词引导的定语从句由关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词可代替的先行词是表示时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。先行词关系副词指代时间时间的名词指代地点地点的名词指代理由理由的名词when(=on,in,at,during which)where(=in,at which)why(=for which)I still remember the date when(=on which)I jo
15、ined the army.Beijing is the place where(=in which)I was born.Is this the reason why(=for which)he refused our offer?3.判断关系代词与关系副词判断关系代词与关系副词1)This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.This is the mountain village(which)I stayed last year.Note:I stayed in the mountain village last year.i
16、n which=where2)Ill never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.Ill never forget the days(which)I spent in the countryside.Note:I spent the days in the countryside.XX3.判断关系代词与关系副词判断关系代词与关系副词依靠准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、谓、宾、定、状），能正确选择关系代词或关系副词：先行词在从句中做主语、定语、宾语时，选择关系代词who,whom,that,which,whose；先行词在从句
17、中做状语时，应选择关系副词 where,when,why。4.只能用只能用that引导的定语从句引导的定语从句1)在there be 句型中，只用that，不用which。e.g.There were only five new models that were on shown.2)先行词为all,much,little,none,anything,everything,something,nothing等不定代词，只用that，不用which。e.g.Finally,the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.3
18、)先行词被形容词最高级-est/most以及first,last,any,only,few,much,no,some,very,every等修饰，关系代词常用that,不用which,who或whom。e.g.Mozarts music is the best(that)Ive ever heard.4)先行词分别指代人和物的两个并列词组时，只用that。e.g.The boy and the little dog that are in the picture are very lovely.5)当先行词被the same修饰，用that表示同一件物品，用as表示相类似的一件物品，不能用wh
19、ich。e.g.This is the same one that you had before.This is the same one as you had before.6)当关系代词在从句中做表语，只能用that，也可省去，不能用which。e.g.China is no longer the country that it was.7)避免与which重复使用。e.g.Which is the car that was made in Beijing?5.只能用只能用which引导的定语从句引导的定语从句1)在非非限定性定语从句中，且宾语宾语的关系代词不能省略不能省略。e.g.The
20、 tree,which is four hundred years old,is very famous here.2)如果关系代词在定语从句中充当介词宾语介词宾语，介词介词可以提提前前至关系代词前，关系代词只能用which或whom。e.g.We depend on the land from which we get our food.6.由由as引导的定语从句引导的定语从句1)the same.as.,as.as.和such.as.e.g.Id like to use the same method as is used here to solve this problem.He is
21、as great a painter as ever lived.I have never seen such a talented boy as he is.2)as 引导非限定性定语从句 as作为关系代词代替整个整个主句或主句中的一部分一部分 as引导的非限定性定语从句可以位于句首句首、句中句中或句句末末,用逗号逗号与主句隔开 e.g.As is reported,the Prime Minister will visit Paris next month.More troops were sent to the Mediterranean,as I have learnt from th
22、e television.7.非限定性定语从句中非限定性定语从句中,which vs.as 1)which在非限定性定语从句中可以指代主句中的一个词或整句内容,as只能指代整个主句的内容2)which引导非限定性定语从句只能置于主句后,as 引导的从句可以位于句首句首、句中句中或句末句末3)which通常指前面前面提到的情况或事实,as 既可指前面前面已经提到的情况,也可指后面后面将要提到的情况4)as is done或 as was done中,is或was可省略省略,如as(is)hoped,在同样情况下which引导的非限定性定语从句不不可以省略可以省略5)as引导的从句有为人所熟知,显
23、然的意思,which没有。7.than引导的定语从句 在带有比较级的定语从句中,than可以做连词,后面省略了what。e.g.The old man has eaten more food than is good for his health.8.but引导的定语从句but作为关系代词主要与否定意义的主句连用,且只用于限定性定语从句。but可以指代人或物。主句(not)+but从句表肯定e.g.There was not a single student in our group but learn a lot from the failure.我们小组的每个同学都从这次失败中学到很多。P
24、ost-testPost-test1.A common memory they all have their school days is the school uniform.A.of B.on C.to D.withNote:A common memory of their school days is the school uniform.2.It is unlikely that you will have such an exciting experience Janet has a few years ago.A.which B.that C.as D.what Note:such
25、.as.3.The young man cheated his friend of much money,was disgraceful.A.as B.that C.which D.what4.Dont drink more wine is good for health.A.as B.which C.that D.than5.I was very interested in she told me.A.all that B.all whichC.all what D.that6.She followed the receptionist down a luxurious corridor t
26、o a closed door,the woman gave a quick knock before opening it.A.where in B.on whichC.but when D.thenNote:The woman gave a quick knock on the door.7.Have you ever been in a situation you know the other person is right yet you cannot agree with him?A.by which B.that C.in where D.whereNote:You know th
27、e other person is.in the situation.8.Above the trees are the hills,magnificence the river faithfully reflects on the surface.A.where B.of whose C.whose D.whichNote:The river faithfully reflects the magnificence of the hills on the surface.of which=whose9.They overcame all the difficulties and comple
28、te the project two months ahead of time,is something we had not expected.A.which B.it C.that D.what10.She remembered several occasions in the past she had experienced a similar feeling.A.which B.before C.that D.whenNote:She had experienced a similar feeling in several occasions.11.Which of the follo
29、wing sentences is CORRECT?A.The old man still remembers the persons and events which he met with during World War II.B.The old man still remembers the persons and events who he met with during World War II.C.The old man still remembers the persons and events that he met with during World War II.D.Th
30、e old man still remembers the persons and events as he met with during World War II.12.No one would have time to read or listen to an account of everything going on in the world.A.it is B.as is C.that is D.what isNote:当先行词为all,everything,something,nothing等不定代词，定语从句用关系代词that引导。13.The governments in a
31、ll countries encourage farmers to use fewer pesticides needed in the production.A.which areB.that are C.than are D.what areNote:此句的先行词被比较级修饰，从句连接词用than。14.Today,well discuss a number of cases beginners of English fail to use the language properly.A.where B.when C.who D.whichNote:先行词是point,situation,
32、case,activity,job,position,stage,policy,condition等表示地点的抽象名词时，定语从句用where引导。e.g.You reach a point where medicine cant help.Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity where sight matters more than hearing.先行词是point,situation,case,activity,job,position,stage,policy,condition等表示地点的抽象
33、名词时，定语从句用where引导。e.g.He got into a situation where it is hard to decide what is right and wrong.It puts me in a position where I cant afford to take the job.I dont want a job where Im chained to a desk all day.15.Many of us visited the exposition,to our disappointment,we saw very few high-tech products.A.where B.which C.as D.thatNote:We saw very few high-tech products at the exposition.
