1、定语从句单句语法填空1.My connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s，_ I was the first Western TV reporter.(2016全国，65)2.Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius，_ lived from roughly 551 to 479 BC，influenced the development of chopsticks.(2016全国，47)3.Id skipped n
2、earby Guilin，a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River _ are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings.(2015全国，64)答案1.when2.who3.that/which感 悟 高 考考点一下列情况只用that不用which规则 先行词是all，something，everything，anything，nothing，little，much，few等不定代词或先行词被
3、all，any，every，no，little，much，some等词修饰。Do you have anything that you want to say for yourself?你还有想要为你自己说的事情吗？考 点 清 单规则 先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰或先行词本身是序数词。What is the first American film that you have seen?你看过的第一部美国电影是什么？规则 先行词中既有人也有物。He talked about the people and the place that he had visited in that countr
4、y.他谈到了他在那个国家所见到的人和所参观的地方。考点二用which而不用that引导的定语从句 规则 which可引导非限制性定语从句，that则不能。He had failed in the maths exam，which made his father very angry.他没通过数学考试，这令他父亲很生气。规则 在介词提前的定语从句中，只用which而不用that引导。This is the place in which Lu Xun used to live.这是鲁迅曾住过的地方。规则 which用作定语时。He may be late，in which case we ough
5、t to wait for him.他也许会迟到，那样的话，我们应该等他。考点三关系副词引导的定语从句规则 关系副词when，where，why的先行词是表示时间、地点或原因(一般为reason)的名词，在从句中作状语。有时可用“介词which”结构替换。I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.我还记得我第一次来北京的那天。规则 当定语从句中缺少主语或宾语时，即使先行词是表示时间、地点和原因的词仍用which/that。Is this the reason(that)he explained for his rudeness
6、at the meeting?这是他在会议上解释的无礼的原因吗？规则 当先行词为一些表示抽象地点的名词，如：point，situation，case，stage等，如果引导词在从句中作状语，常用关系副词where引导定语从句；如果不作状语，则用关系代词that/which。They have reached the point where they have to separate with each other.他们已经到了彼此必须分手的地步。考点四“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句规则 若介词放在关系代词之前，关系代词指人时常用whom，指物时常用which。另外，whose也可以放在介词后，
7、即“介词whose名词”结构。Trading leather shoes is the business to which the Greens are devoted.皮鞋生意是格林一家所致力于的事业。I wish to thank Professor Smith，without whose help I would never have got this far.我希望感谢史密斯教授，没有他的帮助，我永远不会走这么远。规则“复合介词短语关系代词”引导的定语从句，常与先行词用逗号隔开，定语从句常用倒装语序。He lived in a big house，in front of which s
8、tood a big tall tree.他住在一个大房子里，房子的前面有一棵大树。考点五as，which引导的定语从句规则 as作关系代词用来引导非限制性定语从句，意为“正如，正像”，as引导的句子可放在句首、句末或句中。As we all know，smoking is bad for our health.众所周知，抽烟有害健康。规则 which引导非限制性定语从句代指前面整句话内容时只能位于句末，意为“这，这一点”。Li Ming was late，which made Mr Zhang very angry.李明迟到了，这让张老师很生气。规则 as常用在下列习惯用语中。as(it)o
9、ften happens，as I remember，as is often the case，as is expected，as is known to us，as is shown等。He shouts when he gets angry，as is often the case.他生气时就大叫，这是常有的情形。1.【误】A lot of language learning，which has been discovered，is happening in the first year of life，so parents should talk much to their childr
10、en during that period.【正】A lot of language learning，as has been discovered，is happening in the first year of life，so parents should talk much to their children during that period.【探究】本题考查非限制性定语从句。关系代词指整个一句话A lot of language learning is happening in the first year of life。as用在句首，which用在句末，正确答案应该是as。正
11、 误 探 究2.【误】The travelers who knew about the floods took another road.【正】The travelers,who knew about the floods took another road.【探究】句意：旅客们知道道路被淹都改道走了。误句是限制性定语从句，意为“只有那些知道道路被淹的旅客改道走了”，而那些不知道这一情况的旅客仍走现已被淹的道路，显然与原意不符，应改为非限制性定语从句，这样一来，对前面的名词没有起任何限制作用。务必注意限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句在意思上的区别，而区别的关键就是逗号。易错点1定语从句与强调句
12、的判断It was in the small house _ was built with stones by his father _ he spent his childhood.误填where；who答案which；that考查定语从句和强调句。句意：他是在他父亲用石头建造的那座小房子里度过了他的童年。前一空中which引导一个定语从句，修饰前面的house；后一空是一个强调句。判断句子是否为强调句，只要将强调句型中的It is/was，that/who去掉句子意思完整，这就是强调句型。易 错 防 范【点拨】定语从句和强调句糅合在一起考查，是对定语从句的一种考查方式，解决问题的关键是找准
13、句子的主干意思，即找到强调句型的填充处。易错点2由分隔问题而导致的错误The days are gone _ physical strength was all you needed to make a living.误填that/which 答案when句意：仅靠体力能谋生的时代一去不复返了。先行词为days，将其带入空格后的定语从句中可知该先行词作状语，表时间，相当于in which，故用关系副词when。【点拨】分隔式定语从句的难点在于如何准确找到先行词，一旦找准先行词，确定关系代词或关系副词就很容易了。.单句语法填空针 对 训 练1.Many young people，most of
14、_ were well-educated，headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.2.I live next door to a couple _ children often make a lot of noise.3.Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears，none of _ has been proved.4.We will put off the picnic in the park until next week，_ the
15、weather may be better.5.China Today attracts a worldwide readership，_ shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China.6.Until now，we have raised 50，000 pounds for the poor children，_ is quite unexpected.7.As the smallest child of his family，Alex is always longing for the
16、 time _ he should be able to be independent.8.Please send us all the information _ you have about the candidate for the position.9.Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon _ school education depends.10.The number of smokers，_ is reported，has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.答案1
17、.whom2.whose3.which4.when5.which6.which7.when8.that9.which10.as.语篇填空(用适当的关系词填空)Do you know the man _1_ wrote this book？He was Jason，one of the engineers _2_ came from Russia in the 1950s.He worked in the same factory _3_ my father once worked.When he came to China，the first thing _4_ he did was to v
18、isit the factory _5_ did research on trolleybuses and found out the reason _6_ China was so backward in it.Then he spent every minute _7_ he could spare in helping China develop transportation._8_ is mentioned above，Jason was a foreigner _9_ made great contributions to our country and was a kind man
19、 to _10_ we should say thanks.答案1.who/that2.who/that3.where4.that5.which/that6.why7.that8.As9.who/that10.whom.语法填空One of the major holiday shopping days is the day after Thanksgiving.It is _1_(frequent)referred to as Black Friday.The use of the word“black”relates _2_ the business accountants.Storeke
20、epers used to record profits in black ink and losses in red ink.So _3_(be)“in the black”on the Friday after Thanksgiving means a good thing，a return to profits.Black Friday is the big day for many retailers，and it presents the shopper an opportunity _4_(get)all of ones holiday shopping done at once
21、among amazing sale prices.On that day，most retailers will open very early _5_ usually provide massive and attractive discounts on their products，while a great number of holiday shoppers will get _6_ early start in the morning to begin Christmas shopping.Black Friday also means that people face crowd
22、ed stores，_7_ is the other idea of a“Black Friday”，a day they do not like.It used to be the _8_(busy)shopping day of a year.Many people avoid this shopping day altogether because of the stress _9_(involve)in fighting the crowds.In recent years the Saturday before Christmas _10_(see)the biggest shopp
23、ing crowds.答案1.frequently考查副词。句意：它频繁地被称作“黑色星期五”。空处修饰动词短语is referred to，应用副词。2.to考查固定搭配。relate to.“和有关”，是固定短语。3.being考查动名词作主语。分析句子结构可知，本处应用动名词短语being“in the black”on the Friday after Thanksgiving作主语。4.to get考查非谓语动词。它给顾客一个以惊人的价格获得商品的机会。本处应用动词不定式作the opportunity的定语。5.and考查并列连词。多数的商家都会早早地开门迎客，同时为顾客提供很多吸
24、引人的折扣。本处and连接两个并列的谓语。6.an考查冠词。an early start“一个早的开始”，此处表示泛指，故应用不定冠词；又因early的读音以元音音素开头，故用an。7.which考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，本处应为非限制性定语从句，空处指代前面的“people face crowded stores”这句话，应用关系代词which。8.busiest考查形容词最高级，它过去常常是一年中最繁忙的购物日。根据前面的the可知，本处应用最高级busiest。9.involved考查非谓语动词。很多人避免在这一天购物，因为会卷入抵抗人群的压力中。involve与stress为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作定语。10.has seen考查时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语In recent years可知，本处应用现在完成时，主语the Saturday before Christmas为单数，故用has seen。
