1、基础知识自测基础知识自测重点词汇讲练重点词汇讲练写作句型仿写写作句型仿写难句结构分析难句结构分析基础知识自测基础知识自测一、单词拓展一、单词拓展 (A)单词派生单词派生 1._ n.小说小说 adj.新奇的；异常的新奇的；异常的 _ n.小说家小说家2._ n.奇遇奇遇;冒险冒险 _ adj.爱冒险的爱冒险的;充满危险的充满危险的 _ n.冒险家；投机分子冒险家；投机分子adventurernovelnovelistadventureadventurous3._ v.许可许可 n.通行证通行证;执照执照 _ n.许可；允许许可；允许4._ n.耐性；耐心耐性；耐心 _ adj.有耐心的有耐心的
2、 _ adj.没耐心的没耐心的 _ adv.耐心地耐心地patientlypermitpermissionpatiencepatientimpatient5._ adj.难以置信的难以置信的 _ adj.可以相信的可以相信的 _ adv.难以置信地难以置信地unbelievablebelievableunbelievably6._ adj.粗鲁的；无礼的粗鲁的；无礼的 _ adv.粗鲁地粗鲁地 _ n.粗鲁；无礼粗鲁；无礼ruderudelyrudeness(B)灵活运用灵活运用 1.To those more cautious persons,travelling in the desert
3、 might seem quite_(adventure).作表语用形容词作表语用形容词adventurous2.Mike used to swim in the river without his parents _ (permit).作介词宾语用名词作介词宾语用名词permission3._(believe),she could remember 200 English words.副词作状语副词作状语,从后面的内容来看需要用否从后面的内容来看需要用否定意义的副词。定意义的副词。4.Mark Twain,a well-known _(novel),was born in Florida a
4、nd brought up in Hannibal.名词名词,与前面的与前面的.Mark Twain 是同位语。是同位语。novelistUnbelievably5.It is very important to teach their children how to deal with others kindness and _(rude).在物主代词后用名词在物主代词后用名词,与与kindness并列。并列。rudeness1._ 冒险冒险2._ 打赌打赌3._ 盯着看；凝视盯着看；凝视4._ 导致；做出解释导致；做出解释二、短语翻译二、短语翻译account for take a cha
5、ncemake a betstare at5._ 抚养抚养;培养培养;教育教育;提出提出6._ 衣衫褴褛衣衫褴褛7._ 关于；至于关于；至于8._ 与此相反与此相反;正相反正相反on the contrary bring upin ragsas for9._ 偶然偶然;无意中无意中;不小心不小心10._ 前进前进;可以可以;往下说往下说 11._ 以以出名出名12._ 欠债欠债in debtby accidentgo aheadbe famous/known for三、语篇填空三、语篇填空 Mark Twain,with a pen name of Samuel Langhorne Cleme
6、ns,was born on November 30,1835,in 1 _ small town in Florida,the USA.He 2 _(grow)up with a few naughty boys who later appeared in his stories.At the age of 12,his father died,and he began 3 _(work)first as a printer,then on a river boat.Those years on the boat went into 4 _(he)book“Life on the Missi
7、ssipi.”histo work/workinggrewa During the Civil War he worked as a reporter and used Mark Twain 5 _ his pen name.The 6 _(story)he wrote in this period made him famous and popular.He made a lot of money by 7 _(write),lecturing and running his own publishing house.But he spent all of it on high living
8、 and 8 _(success)business.unsuccessfulwritingstoriesas Mark Twain was known as a“funny man”but in fact he took a serious view of life.Many sad things happened in his own life.All his experienced helped to shape his stories 9 _showed the dark side of 10 _(social).He died as an old man of 75 in 1910.s
9、ocietywhich本文简介了马克本文简介了马克吐温的生平。吐温的生平。1.a 意为意为“出生在一个小镇出生在一个小镇”，表示，表示“一个一个”用不定冠词。用不定冠词。2.grew 用一般过去时才上下文时态一致。用一般过去时才上下文时态一致。3.to work/working 因因begin是动词，是动词，work也是动词，也是动词，“动词遇动词定为非谓语动词遇动词定为非谓语”，故，故填填to work或或working。4.his 在名词前作定语，表示在名词前作定语，表示“他的他的”，用，用形容词性物主代词。形容词性物主代词。5.as 表示表示“作为，当作作为，当作”。6.stories
10、由常识可知，使其著名的不会是他由常识可知，使其著名的不会是他写的一个故事，应用复数。写的一个故事，应用复数。7.writing 在介词后作宾语要用动名词。在介词后作宾语要用动名词。8.unsuccessful 在名词前作定语要用形容词，在名词前作定语要用形容词，由句意逻辑，由句意逻辑，“花掉了所有的钱花掉了所有的钱”应是应是“不不成功的成功的”生意。生意。9.which 引导定语从句并在从句中作主语，引导定语从句并在从句中作主语，先行词为先行词为stories。10.society 作介词作介词of的宾语用名词，表示的宾语用名词，表示“社会社会”。四、语段改错四、语段改错 It is the
11、summer in 1903.Two old and wealthbrothers,Roderick and Oliver,had made a bet.Oliver believes that with million pound bank note a man could survive a month in London.Her brother Roderick doubts about it.ofwealthyhaveaHisAt this moment,they see a pennilessly young man wandered on the pavement outside
12、their house.It is Henry Adams,a American businessman,who is lost in London and does not know how he should do.whatpennilesswanderingan1.in of 指指1930年的夏天，用年的夏天，用of表示所表示所有格。有格。2.wealth wealthy 在名词在名词brothers前作前作定语，用形容词。定语，用形容词。3.had have 由上下文可知，用现在时由上下文可知，用现在时不用过去时。不用过去时。4.在在with后加后加a 单数可数名词单数可数名词note
13、要有限要有限定词，表示有定词，表示有“一张一张”支票，故加支票，故加a。5.Her His 上文提到两兄弟，指代不一上文提到两兄弟，指代不一致。致。6.删除删除doubts后的后的about 因为因为doubt本身是本身是及物动词，不用介词。及物动词，不用介词。7.pennilessly penniless 在名词前作定语，在名词前作定语，要用形容词。要用形容词。8.wandered wandering 由由see sb.doing sth.可知。可知。9.a an 表示表示“一位一位”商人，在商人，在American前应用前应用an。10.how what 作作do的宾语，要用连接代的宾语，
14、要用连接代词词what引导宾语从句。引导宾语从句。重点词汇讲练重点词汇讲练1.permit vt.允许，许可允许，许可 n.通行证，执照通行证，执照 例句例句 Permit me to lead the way,sir.先生，请让我来带路吧。先生，请让我来带路吧。派生派生 permission n.允许；许可允许；许可搭配搭配 根据汉语意思补全下列短语。根据汉语意思补全下列短语。permit _ 允许某人做某事允许某人做某事 permit _ 允许做某事允许做某事 ask for _ 请求许可请求许可sb.to do sth.doing sth.permission联想联想像像permit一样
15、，用不定式一样，用不定式to do sth.作宾语补足语和用作宾语补足语和用doing sth.作宾语的及物动词还有作宾语的及物动词还有 allow(允许允许)，forbid(禁止禁止)，advise(建议建议)，recommend(推荐推荐)等。等。运用运用 用所给动词的适当形式填空。用所给动词的适当形式填空。You are not permitted _(smoke)here.I advise you not_(drink)too much.to drink to smoke We forbid_(shout)loudly in the office.The teacher encoura
16、ged me _(study)abroad.to study shouting2.stare vi.凝视；盯着看凝视；盯着看(look at sb.or sth.for a long time)例句例句 His eyes stare at what is left of the brothers dinner on table.他的眼他的眼睛盯着残羹剩菜。睛盯着残羹剩菜。运用运用 (1)It is not polite to _(盯着别人盯着别人).stare at others联想联想 fix ones eye on/upon 专注于专注于;凝视凝视 He _(盯着那盯着那个单词个单词)tr
17、ying to remember what it meant _(他全神贯注于读书他全神贯注于读书)，not knowing what was happening.He fixed his eyes on his bookstared at the word3.spot vt.发现；认出发现；认出 n.地点地点例句例句 What he did hasnt been spotted by the police.警察还没警察还没有发现他所干的事。有发现他所干的事。同义同义 discover,recognize,pick out搭配搭配spot sb.doing sth.注意到注意到;发现某人发现某
18、人正在做正在做on the spot 当场；立即当场；立即运用运用 填入一个适当的词或所给词的适当形填入一个适当的词或所给词的适当形式。式。Xiao Ming _(spot)cheating in the exam yesterday.The police found a bloody handkerchief _ the spot by the river.onwas spotted原句原句 I went to the American embassy to seek help,but.我去美国大使馆求助我去美国大使馆求助,但但是是(B3P18)4.seek vt.寻找寻找;探索探索(try
19、 to find or obtain)(seek,sought,sought)例句例句 Most men seek wealth;all men seek happiness.多数人追逐财富多数人追逐财富,人人寻求幸福。人人寻求幸福。seek sb.s advice/help征求意见征求意见/求帮助求帮助seek(=attempt)to do sth.试图去做试图去做Seek sth.From sb.向某人寻求某事（物）向某人寻求某事（物）(=ask sb.for sth.)seek after 寻求，追求寻求，追求搭配搭配运用运用 用适当的词填空或用所给词的用适当的词填空或用所给词的适当形式
20、填空。适当形式填空。The cat sought _(catch)the mouse which had just come out of the hole She managed to calm him down and seek help _ a neighbor fromto catch 5.bring up 抚养抚养;教育教育;提及提及原句原句 He was brought up in Hannibal,Missouri,along the Mississippi River.他他在密西西比河边的密苏里州的汉尼拔长在密西西比河边的密苏里州的汉尼拔长大。大。(B3 P17)例句例句 If
21、 you were brought up in the countryside,you should have had a good knowledge of agriculture.如果你在农村长大如果你在农村长大,你一定懂得许多农业知识。你一定懂得许多农业知识。At the meeting he brought up the failed plan again last night.(_)My parents brought me up to respect others.(_)The poor girl was brought up by her grandparents.(_)提及那失
22、败的计划提及那失败的计划教育我教育我将某人养育成人将某人养育成人运用运用6go right ahead 请说下去请说下去例句例句 If you feel you are right，then go right ahead如果你感到你是对如果你感到你是对的，你就继续吧。的，你就继续吧。go ahead(with sth.)继续继续 go after 追求追求 go against 与与相违背相违背 go wrong 出错出错运用运用 选用词组完成下列句子。选用词组完成下列句子。一定是某个地方出错了，不要继续一定是某个地方出错了，不要继续了。了。Something must _，anddont _
23、.go wronggo ahead 追求金钱的人越来越多。追求金钱的人越来越多。More and more people _ money.我们本计划去野营，但天气不顺人我们本计划去野营，但天气不顺人意。意。We had intended to go camping，but the weather _ our will went againstgo after 例句例句 The policeman passed by the station by accident.那个警察碰巧经过那个警察碰巧经过车站车站。7.by accident(=by chance)偶然地偶然地;意外地意外地原句原句 As
24、 a matter of fact,I landed in Britain by accident.事实上事实上,我在英国我在英国上岸是偶然的。上岸是偶然的。(B3 P18)运用运用 (1)我昨天在街上偶然遇见了我我昨天在街上偶然遇见了我的老师。的老师。I _ in the street yesterday.(2)这个洞是我们偶然发现的。这个洞是我们偶然发现的。We_ met my teacher by chance/accident discovered the cave/hole by chance/accident8.on the contrary与此相反；正相反与此相反；正相反例句例句
25、 Well,it may seem lucky to you but not me!On the contrary,in fact.If this is your idea of some kind of joke,I dont think its very funny.嗯，这对你们来说可能是运气，但对来说嗯，这对你们来说可能是运气，但对来说可不是。事实上，正好相反。如果你们认可不是。事实上，正好相反。如果你们认为这是个笑话，我可不觉得好笑为这是个笑话，我可不觉得好笑运用运用 根据汉语提示完成下列英文句根据汉语提示完成下列英文句子。子。To modernize the school doesn
26、t mean that we have to destroy its past _.(恰恰相反，我们应保恰恰相反，我们应保护这件文物护这件文物)On the contrary,we should protect this cultural relic Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadaysMany parents try to warn their children off touching dirt._ (与此相反，玛丽与此相反，玛丽鼓励孩子在泥地上玩鼓励孩子在泥地上玩)to build up a strong immune(免疫免疫)s
27、ystem contrary,Mary encourages children to play in the dirtOn the 写作句型仿写写作句型仿写1.The fact is that.,which accounts for.事实上是事实上是,这说明这说明原句原句 The fact is that I earned my passage by working as an unpaid hand,which accounts for my appearance.事实事实上我靠做义工来顶替船费上我靠做义工来顶替船费,这就是我衣冠这就是我衣冠不整的原因了。不整的原因了。(B3 P18)例句例
28、句 The fact is that he had no money with him,which accounted for his hunger.事实是他身上没有事实是他身上没有钱，这是他挨饿的原因。钱，这是他挨饿的原因。事实上我是放了学才回家，说事实上我是放了学才回家，说明我没缺席。明我没缺席。_ I didnt go home until school was over，_.which accounted for my presenceThe fact was that 事实上黑板是干干净净的，证事实上黑板是干干净净的，证明有人擦过。明有人擦过。_ the blackboard is
29、very clean，_.The fact is that which accounts for someones action 事实上班上人人都及格了，这事实上班上人人都及格了，这说明每位同学都很努力。说明每位同学都很努力。_none failed in the exam，_.which accounts for everyones hard workThe fact is that原句原句 Thats why weve given you the letter.这就是为什么我们给你这封信的这就是为什么我们给你这封信的原因。原因。(B3 P18)2 That is why.(引出结果引出结果
30、)那就是那就是的原因的原因例句例句 That is why he broke your cup the day before yesterday.这就是他为什这就是他为什么前天打碎了你的杯子的原因。么前天打碎了你的杯子的原因。仿写仿写 用用why或或because填空。填空。My classmate,Rose,eats a lot every day.That is _ she is always putting on weight.比较比较 Thats because.(引出原因引出原因)这是因为这是因为why My classmate,Rose,is always putting on w
31、eight.That is _ she eats a lot every day.because(3)I missed the early bus this morning.That was _ I came late for class.3.It is well-known that.众所周知众所周知例句例句 It is well-known that China is a large country in the world.众所周知，中国是世众所周知，中国是世界上的大国。界上的大国。比较比较 As is well-known，与之同义，与之同义，as引导的是非限制性定语从句，引导的是非限
32、制性定语从句，as在从句在从句中作主语，从句后用逗号。中作主语，从句后用逗号。众所周知众所周知,台湾岛是中国的一部分。台湾岛是中国的一部分。It is well-known that Taiwan Island is part of China.As is well-known,Tai Wang Island is part of China.仿写仿写 用两种方式翻译句子。用两种方式翻译句子。4sb.wonder ifwhetherwh 某人想知道某人想知道例句例句 She wondered if her son was at home safely.她想知道她儿子是否安全她想知道她儿子是否安全回家了。回家了。注意注意 wonder后不能由后不能由that连接，但连接，但是是wonder前有前有not时由时由that连接。连接。仿写仿写 选用正确的连接词填空。选用正确的连接词填空。My sister wonders _ stoleher pencil-boxwho We wonder _ thestudents have finished their homework It is no wonder _ thechildren love to visit the farm thatif/whetherThank You!
