1、非谓语动词高考英语非谓语动词 课件高考英语非谓语动词 课件第一讲第一讲 分词分词分词分词现在分词现在分词 doing过去分词过去分词 done分词具有动词特征，有时态和语态变分词具有动词特征，有时态和语态变化，可以有自己的宾语和状语。化，可以有自己的宾语和状语。一一、分词的意义、分词的意义1从语态角度来看，现在分词表示主动；从语态角度来看，现在分词表示主动；过去分词常表示被动（不及物动词除过去分词常表示被动（不及物动词除外）；外）；The boy standing at the gate is Tom.The boy standing at the gate is Tom.The bridge
2、 built in 1900 has collapsed.The bridge built in 1900 has collapsed.2 2从时态角度看，现在分词表示正在进从时态角度看，现在分词表示正在进行；过去分词表示动作的完成；行；过去分词表示动作的完成；fallen snowfalling snow the rising sun the risen sun 现在分词的构成形式现在分词的构成形式 主动形式主动形式 被动形式被动形式 一般形式一般形式 doing being done 完成形式完成形式 having done having been done过去分词只有一种形式：过去分词只
3、有一种形式：done 及物动词过分及物动词过分不及物动词过分不及物动词过分过去过去被动被动完成完成过去过去完成完成 the temple built by them the temple built by them the temple being built by them the temple being built by them 现在分词与过去分词的区别现在分词与过去分词的区别 being done 正在进行正在进行被动被动 done 过去完成过去完成被动被动 having been done done 过去完成过去完成被动被动过去完成过去完成 having done完成完成主动主动
4、done完成完成被动被动二二、分词的功能、分词的功能分词相当于形容词或副词，在句中主要是充当定分词相当于形容词或副词，在句中主要是充当定语、状语、表语和补语。语、状语、表语和补语。1分词作定语分词作定语 1）单个分词作定语，一般放在被修饰的名词前；）单个分词作定语，一般放在被修饰的名词前；A barking dog seldom bites.A watched pot never boils.the swimming penguin the forbidden fruit 2）分词短语作定语分词短语作定语,只能置于被修饰名词之后只能置于被修饰名词之后，现在分词短语作后定现在分词短语作后定相当于
5、一个主动语态的定相当于一个主动语态的定语从句语从句；过去分词短语作后定过去分词短语作后定相当于一个被动语态的定相当于一个被动语态的定语从句语从句；A man getting up as soon as the cock crows is diligent.The launch schedule The launch schedule made by NASA made by NASA has been has been delayed for the Hydrogen leak.delayed for the Hydrogen leak.police police investigating
6、the murderinvestigating the murder have been have been searching for the criminal at large.searching for the criminal at large.The civilians The civilians injured in the suicide-bomb injured in the suicide-bomb explosionexplosion have died.have died.Of the civilians Of the civilians buried in the la
7、ndslideburied in the landslide,only six have survived.only six have survived.英语定语英语定语“左二右五左二右五”原则原则限定词限定词+形容词形容词+名词名词+定语从句定语从句介词短语介词短语分词短语分词短语不定式短语不定式短语形容词短语形容词短语2 分词作状语（相当于一个状语从句）分词作状语（相当于一个状语从句）分词作状语有两种结构：分词作状语有两种结构：状从主语和句子的主状从主语和句子的主语一致：分词短语语一致：分词短语；不一致：；不一致：独立主格结构；独立主格结构；1）作时状，相当于时间状语从句；）作时状，相当于
8、时间状语从句；Having fulfilled the task,he took a nap on the couch.Seen from a distance,the island resembles a cloud.高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)2 2）作原因状语，相当于）作原因状语，相当于as,since,because 引引导的从句；导的从句；Not wanting to frighten the poor manNot wanting to frighten the poor man,she,she,hid in the stor
9、eroom under the stairs.hid in the storeroom under the stairs.Caught in the traffic jamsCaught in the traffic jams,we were absent,we were absent at the opening ceremony.at the opening ceremony.高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)3）做条状，相当于）做条状，相当于if,unless引导的从句；引导的从句；Turning to the rightTurning
10、to the right,you,youll find a path ll find a path leading to his villa.leading to his villa.Given another chanceGiven another chance,we,well do it much ll do it much better.better.高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)4）作让步状语，相当于）作让步状语，相当于though,even if 引导的从句；引导的从句；Even if he has achieved the tr
11、emendous Even if he has achieved the tremendous accomplishment accomplishment,he still keeps humble.,he still keeps humble.Though he was defeated againThough he was defeated again,the boxer,the boxer still persisted in practice.still persisted in practice.Having achieved the tremendous Having achiev
12、ed the tremendous accomplishment accomplishment,he still keeps humble.,he still keeps humble.Defeated againDefeated again,高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)5）作结果状语，相当于）作结果状语，相当于so that引导的从引导的从句；句；In recent years,railroads have been combining In recent years,railroads have been combining with
13、 each other,with each other,.BBCBBC 高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)6）作方式或）作方式或伴随状语伴随状语，可改写成并列句；，可改写成并列句；He hurried to the hall,followed by two bodyguards.Glancing at the map,Tom went on driving the car.Tom glanced at the map,and he went on driving the car.高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)高考英语非谓语动词 课件
14、(共53张PPT)听到这个消息，他们很震惊。听到这个消息，他们很震惊。不想让父母担心，男孩没有解释原因不想让父母担心，男孩没有解释原因 Because he didnBecause he didnt want to make his parents t want to make his parents worry,worry,the boy didn the boy didnt explain the excuse.t explain the excuse.Not wanting to make his parents worry,Not wanting to make his parents
15、 worry,the the boy didnboy didnt explain the excuse.t explain the excuse.The boy,The boy,not wanting to make his parents not wanting to make his parents worry,worry,didn didnt explain the excuse.t explain the excuse.When they heard the news,they were astonishedWhen they heard the news,they were asto
16、nishedHearing the news,they were astonishedHearing the news,they were astonished时状时状原状原状高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)坚持记单词，你将提高英语能力。坚持记单词，你将提高英语能力。If you persevere with memorizing the If you persevere with memorizing the words,words,youyoull enhance your English ll enhance your English
17、petence.Persevering with memorizing the words,youll enhance your English competence.条状条状高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)老科学家突然去世了，留下了未竞的项目。The old scientist passed away all of a sudden,The old scientist passed away all of a sudden,so that he left the project unfinished.so that he left the
18、project unfinished.The old scientist went west all of a sudden,The old scientist went west all of a sudden,(thus)leaving the project unfinished.(thus)leaving the project unfinished.他站在窗前，泪眼朦胧，凝视着远他站在窗前，泪眼朦胧，凝视着远方。方。Standing in front of the window,he gazed at the distance,full of tears in his eyes.结状
19、结状伴状伴状高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)3 分词作宾语补足语分词作宾语补足语 分词一般只在感官动词和使役后面作宾补；分词一般只在感官动词和使役后面作宾补；感官动词：感官动词：see,observe,notice,watch,hear,smell,look at,feel,find等；等；使役动词：使役动词：Set,have,make,get,leave,keep等；等；高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)He saw the thief He saw the thief stealing t
20、he money from stealing the money from the bankthe bank.She smelt something She smelt something burningburning.感官感官/使役动词使役动词+宾语宾语+现在分词宾补现在分词宾补主动主动进行进行高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)He saw the oil tank hijacked by the pirates.I didnt make myself heard because of the terrible noise.走进真题走进真题感
21、官感官/使役动词使役动词+宾语宾语+过去分词宾补过去分词宾补被动、完成被动、完成高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)第二讲第二讲 动名词动名词一、构成与特征一、构成与特征 动名词也是非谓语动词一种，由动名词也是非谓语动词一种，由“动原动原+ing”构成。动名词兼有动词和名词的构成。动名词兼有动词和名词的特征，可以带宾语、状语或表语；特征，可以带宾语、状语或表语；He stressed the importance of He stressed the importance of defeating their defeating their pe
22、titors.（带宾语）（带宾语）Getting up earlyGetting up early is a good habit.is a good habit.（带状语）（带状语）He dreamed of He dreamed of becoming a poetbecoming a poet.（带表语）（带表语）高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)二、动名词的功能二、动名词的功能 1、作主语作主语 Breaking the cycleBreaking the cycle of doing what you of doing what yo
23、u have always done is one of the most have always done is one of the most difficult tasks for job seekers.difficult tasks for job seekers.(07,6,6 (07,6,6级）级）Having a successful marriageHaving a successful marriage takes effort takes effort and patience,and communication is the and patience,and commu
24、nication is the key.key.高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)2 2、作宾语、作宾语 Being a bad-tempered man,he would not tolerate having his lectures interrupted.I appreciate having been given the opportunity to study abroad two years ago.高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)3、作定语、作定语 the walking st
25、ick the reading room sleeping pills cooking oil operating room washing liquid drinking water sewing machine sleeping dog cooking lady operating doctor washing maid drinking dinosaur sewing housewife 现在分词表示动作现在分词表示动作动名词表示作用特动名词表示作用特性性高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)三、动名词的逻辑主语三、动名词的逻辑主语 动名词的
26、前面可以加一个动名词的前面可以加一个形容词性物形容词性物主代词或名词所有格主代词或名词所有格，来表示动名词，来表示动名词的逻辑主语。的逻辑主语。Their coming to do us a favor was a great encouragement to all of us.高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)Marys complaining annoyed him.Please excuse my disturbing you.LilyLilys s gruntinggrunting continuously continuously
27、annoyed her husband.Nevertheless,annoyed her husband.Nevertheless,her motherher mothers s staying with themstaying with them was was the last straw.the last straw.高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)Would you mind me/my smoking here?They insisted on Tom going out with them to smell the flowers
28、.Rose going there wont be of much help.Them crying for failure wont be of great value.RosesTheir高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)动名词的逻辑主语如果动名词的逻辑主语如果不处于句不处于句首首，也可以换成，也可以换成宾格人称代词宾格人称代词或或名词普通格；名词普通格；但是在句首时只可但是在句首时只可以用以用形容词性物主代词形容词性物主代词和和名词所名词所有格有格。温馨提示温馨提示高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53
29、张PPT)四、动名词的时态和语态四、动名词的时态和语态 主动形式主动形式 被动形式被动形式 一般形式一般形式 doing being done 完成形式完成形式 having done having been done高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)1 1、动名词的时态、动名词的时态 动名词一般式所表示的动作与动名词一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词的谓语动词的动作同时或在其后发生动作同时或在其后发生；动名词完成式所表示的动作在动名词完成式所表示的动作在谓语动词之谓语动词之前发生前发生；I approved of his taking part i
30、n the project.(同时或以后）同时或以后）He confessed to having told a lie to the executive.(之前）之前）高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)2 2 动名词的语态动名词的语态 当动名词的当动名词的逻辑主语发出动作逻辑主语发出动作，用，用主动主动语语态；态；当动名词的当动名词的逻辑主语承受动作逻辑主语承受动作，用，用被动被动语语态；态；After After being interviewedbeing interviewed for the job,for the job,youyo
31、ull be required to take a ll be required to take a psychological test.psychological test.After After having been caughthaving been caught in the storm,he in the storm,he went into a store.went into a store.高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)常与动名词连用的结构常与动名词连用的结构It no use/good doing sth have di
32、fficulty/trouble doing sth It is a waste of time doing sth be busy/occupied doing sth There is no need/point doing sth 高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)第三讲第三讲 动词不定式动词不定式一、不定式的构成和特征一、不定式的构成和特征 不定式由不定式由“to+do”构成，在句中起名词、形构成，在句中起名词、形容词或副词的作用，同时也保留动词的一些特容词或副词的作用，同时也保留动词的一些特征，可带宾语或状语；征，可带宾语或状语；He
33、 attempted to figure out He attempted to figure out the problemthe problem in 5 in 5 minutesminutes.（带宾语和状语）（带宾语和状语）高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)二、动词不定式的功能二、动词不定式的功能1 1、作主语、作主语To have known you is a privilege.is impossible to achieve so much work in an hour.=To achieve so much work in a
34、n hour is impossible.It is better to be envied than to be pitied.高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)2 2、做表语、做表语The house is to let.What she likes to do is chew the fat.3、做宾语、做宾语He refused to acknowledge his fault.We discussed what to do.高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)4 4、作宾补、作宾补 Th
35、e adolescents consider Jay Chow The adolescents consider Jay Chow to be to be the idolthe idol.(tell;instruct).(tell;instruct)He hoped his son to lend his a hand.He hoped his son to lend his a hand.He hoped that his son would lend him a He hoped that his son would lend him a hand.hand.高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共
36、53张PPT)高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)5 5、作定语、作定语There was a great deal to interest him.He had never raised the money to have the church repaired.I have nothing to worry.She had no house to live.高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)6 6、作状语、作状语 To salvage the survivors in the sea crash,he laid down his li
37、fe.He studied hard only to come to a failure.To tell the truth,this is all Greek to me.高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)三、不定式的时态和语态 主动语态主动语态 被动语态被动语态 一般式一般式 to do to be done 进行式进行式 to be writing _ 完成式完成式 to have done to have been done 完成进行式完成进行式 to have been doing _高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)高考英语
38、非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)1 1、不定式的一般式、不定式的一般式用来表示不定式的动作与主句谓语动词的用来表示不定式的动作与主句谓语动词的动作同时发生或是在其后发生；动作同时发生或是在其后发生；Thousands of young people are learning Thousands of young people are learning to to skiski.Where can we get some sickles Where can we get some sickles to cut the to cut the rice rice withwith?高考英语非谓语动
39、词 课件(共53张PPT)高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)2 2、不定式的进行式、不定式的进行式 表示不定式正在进行或与谓语动词的动作表示不定式正在进行或与谓语动词的动作同时发生的动作，或强调动作的持续性。同时发生的动作，或强调动作的持续性。I happened to be talking with him when he was hit by a ball and collapsed.They seem to be getting along with each other.高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)3 3、不定式的、不定式
40、的完成式完成式 1 1）表示不定式的动作发生在谓语动作之）表示不定式的动作发生在谓语动作之前；前；He was supposed He was supposed to have diedto have died in the war in the war as a young man.as a young man.I am so sorry I am so sorry to have bothered youto have bothered you with so with so many questions on such an occasion.many questions on such
41、 an occasion.高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)The bank is reported _ in the local newspaper in broad daylight yesterday.A.to be robbed B.robbed C.to have been robbed D.having been robbed 高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)The Bunsen burner The Bunsen burner is so namedis so named bec
42、ause it because it A Ais thought tois thought to be inventedbe invented by Robert Bunsen,by Robert Bunsen,B C B Cwho who was was German by birth.German by birth.D D高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)2)2)表示表示“非真实非真实”的过去的过去 不定式的完成式还可表示打算、需要、计不定式的完成式还可表示打算、需要、计划的动词之后，表示过去本打算做但事划的动词之后，表示过去本打算做但事实
43、上没有实现的事。实上没有实现的事。I meant I meant to have telephonedto have telephoned,but I forgot.,but I forgot.I panned I panned to have visitedto have visited you last night,but you last night,but I was so occupied.I was so occupied.高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)4 4、不定式的语态、不定式的语态 如果不定式的逻辑主语是动作的执行者，如果
44、不定式的逻辑主语是动作的执行者，不定式用主动式；反之，用被动式；不定式用主动式；反之，用被动式；The doctor recommended him to air the room.The doctor recommended the room to be aired.高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)This book is difficult to be read.This book is difficult to read.在在“名词名词+be+easy(difficult,fit)+不定式不定式”结构中，有时尽管主语是动作结构中，有时尽管主语是动作的承受者不定式在意义上是被动的，形的承受者不定式在意义上是被动的，形式上却要用主动式。式上却要用主动式。The food was not fit to eat.高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)高考英语非谓语动词 课件(共53张PPT)
