1、2022-11-27八年级英语上 新目标 人2022-11-27 学习一般现在时态需要我们掌握以下几个方面的内容。一、一般现在时一、一般现在时一般现在时的概念一般现在时的构成一般现在时的句式转换一般现在时的用法一般现在时2022-11-27概念一般现在时表示现在一段时间内经常发生的动作或存在的状态一般现在时的构成一般情况例句特殊情况例句当主语是第一人称、第二人称或第三人称复数形式时:主语+谓语动词+其他I like apples.我喜欢苹果。当主语是第三人称单数时:主语+谓语动词(第三人称单数形式)+其他My sister often swims in the river.我姐姐经常在河里游泳
2、。动词第三人称单数形式的变化规则变化例词不规则变化例词一般在词尾加-saskasksworkworks有些动词的第三人称单数形式为不规则变化,故在学习过程中注意积累beishavehas以s,x,ch,sh结尾的动词,在词尾加-eswatchwatcheswishwishes以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,把y变i再加-estrytriesstudystudiescrycries一般现在时的句式转换有be动词或情态动词例句无be动词或情态动词例句若句子中有be动词或情态动词,变疑问句时把be动词或情态动词提到主语的前面,变否定句时在be动词或情态动词后加“not”She is a student.I
3、s she a student?She isnt a student.I can swim.Can you swim?I cant swim.若句子中既没有be动词,也没有情态动词,变疑问句时要在主语前加助动词do/does,变否定句时在谓语动词前加助动词do/does not,助动词后的谓语动词要用动词原形She likes apples.Does she like apples?She doesnt like apples.一般现在时的用法用法例句表示经常性、习惯性或永久性的动作或存在的状态,通常与seldom,sometimes,often,usually,always,every da
4、y/year/month,three times a day/week/month/year等连用It doesnt often rain in summer here.这儿夏天不经常下雨。I exercise three times a day.我一天锻炼三次。表示客观真理、科学原理、自然现象或现阶段存在的客观事实或格言及谚语等The sun rises in the east and sets in the west every day.每天太阳东升西落。返回返回2022-11-27二、频度副词频度副词的含义频度副词是表示动作发生频率的词,如always,usually,often,som
5、etimes,seldom,hardly ever,never等频度副词在句中的位置放在系动词、助动词或情态动词之后Ill never do it again.我再也不会做那件事了。He is always asking for money.他总是要钱。放在实义动词前We often have lunch at school.我们经常在学校吃午饭。有些频度副词可放在句首或句尾,用来表示强调Sometimes I walk home,and sometimes I go home by bus.有时我走着回家,有时我乘公共汽车回家。注意never放在句首时,主语和谓语动词要倒装Never hav
6、e I learnt this word.我从没学过这个词。返回返回2022-11-27.用所给词的适当形式填空1.We often(play)football after school.2.He(get)up at 6:30.3.you(exercise)every morning?4.What(do)he usually(do)on Sundays?5.Mike(read)English every day?playgetsDoexercisedoesdoDoesread2022-11-27.单项填空6.(2015南京中考)Why didnt Peter his homework?He s
7、aid he had lost his workbook.I think its an excuse.A.does B.doingC.do D.did C 提示:考查动词的用法。句意为“为什么彼得没有做他的家庭作业?”“他说他弄丢了他的作业本。我认为这是个借口”,故选C。2022-11-27C 提示:考查动词的时态。句意为“你父亲是做什么的?”“他是个医生。他在当地医院工作”。根据语境,应用一般现在时,故选C。7.(2015绵阳中考)Whats your father?He is a doctor.He in a local hospital.A.worked B.has worked C.w
8、orks D.will work2022-11-278.(2015汕尾中考)Peter,you got to school by taxi?Oh,I take a taxi to school,but my bike needs repairing today.A.usually B.sometimesC.neverD.seldom D 提示:考查频度副词。句意为“Peter,你坐出租车来学校的吗?”“噢,我很少坐出租车上学,但是我的自行车今天需要修理”。usually经常,sometimes有时,never从来不,seldom很少,故选D。2022-11-27 B 提示:考查频度副词辨析。句
9、意为“你喜欢去爬山吗?”“是的,我经常和我的朋友们周末去爬山”。seldom很少,often经常,never从来不。答语是肯定的,所以选B。9.(2015漳州中考)Do you like going mountain climbing?Yes,I do it on weekends with my friends.A.seldom B.often C.never2022-11-2710.(2015南京中考)This kind of plant is seen in our city because it lives 4,500m above sea level and is hard to f
10、ind.A.commonly B.alwaysC.seldom D.easily C 提示:考查副词辨析。句意为“这种植物在我们的城市很少见到,因为它生长在海平面4 500米以上,很难发现”。commonly经常;always总是;seldom 很少;easily容易地。根据句意,故选C。2022-11-27 B 提示:考查副词辨析。句意为“我厌恶蔬菜。我很少吃它们。”“但是它们对身体有好处!你应该每天都吃”。根据句意,故选B。11.(2015临沂中考)I hate vegetables.I eat them.But they are good for your health!You shou
11、ld eat them every day.A.alwaysB.seldomC.often D.usually2022-11-2712.(2015天津中考)I ride a bike to school.But this morning,I walked to school.A.never B.hardlyC.seldomD.usually D 提示:考查频度副词辨析。句意为“我通常骑自行车上学。但今天早上我走着去的”。never从不;hardly几乎不;seldom很少;usually通常。由后一句话可知,故选D。2022-11-27 D 提示:考查副词辨析。句意为“一些学生能把英语考好,但
12、是几乎不能理解当地人说的英语”。由句中连词but可知前后意思转折,故选D。13.(2015日照中考)Some students can do very well in English exams,but can understand what a native speaker says.A.exactlyB.alwaysC.easily D.hardly2022-11-2714.(2015青岛中考)Hows Susan?Oh,I see her because she lives abroad.A.alwaysB.often C.almostD.hardlyD 提示:考查副词辨析。句意为“苏珊
13、怎么样?”“哦,我很少看到她,因为她住在国外”。由句中的because she lives abroad(她住在国外)可推知“我几乎看不到她”,故选D。2022-11-27 B 提示:考查副词辨析。句意为“这学期你多久进行一次学校旅行?”“几乎没有。自从一些学校发生事故之后,所有的学校户外活动都被叫停了”。根据句意,故选B。返回返回15.(2015黄冈中考)How often do you have a school trip this term?.Since several accidents happened to some schools,all the school outdoor a
14、ctivities have been asked to stop.A.Always B.Hardly everC.Sometimes D.Often2022-11-27主旨大意题主旨大意题(2015南京中考）Characters:Evan,Mrs.Bordoni,Mr.Cortez,Rita,Marco,TomSetting:An elementary school2022-11-27Mrs.Bordoni:(Stands at the school gate)Good morning!You need to go straight to your classrooms,children.(
15、A shy boy walks up,looking nervous.)What is your name?Evan:(Looking at the ground)My name is Evan.Mrs.Bordoni:Welcome to Northside.Im the principal(校长),Mrs.Bordoni.Evan:(Looks surprised)Oh!Good morning.Mrs.Bordoni:I know you are new to our school,but you will like it here.I will take you to your cla
16、ssroom.2022-11-27Evan:I didnt want to moveand leave my friends.Mrs.Bordoni:You will have friends here.Youll see.Mrs.Bordoni:Heres your room,106.Mr.Cortez:Welcome to our class!Im Mr.Cortez.Evan:(The class looks at him.He speaks softly.)Hello.Mr.Cortez:We are talking about a story we just read.Who can
17、 tell Evan what it was about?Rita:This family moves to a new state.Their story is both funny and sad.2022-11-27Evan:(Cheering up)Did they like the new place?Marco:Not at first.But they made lots of new friends.Mr.Cortez:What happened to make them change their minds?Tom:The girl from next door said s
18、he needed help.When they got to her house,a sign said,“Welcome”.2022-11-27Marco:It was a surprise party for them.The whole family was laughing.Mr.Cortez:The neighbors made the family feel welcome.Mrs.Bordoni:(Stands in the doorway)Evan,its time for lunch.(They enter the lunchroom.A sign says,“Welcom
19、e Evan”.)It is hard to change schools and leave old friends.Now,we are your friends.Evan:(Smiles)I cant believe you did this for me.【词汇积累】nervous紧张的softly柔软地change改变2022-11-271.Who is Rita in the play?A.The principal.B.The teacher.C.Evans new classmate.D.Evans old friend.1.C 提示:推理判断题。根据文中介绍可知,Evan来到
20、一所新学校,没有他的老朋友,校长和教师另有他人,所以推断Rita是Evan的新同学,故选C。2022-11-272.D 提示:细节判断题。分析所有文中括号里的词可判断这些词说明了角色正在做的事和他们怎样表演的,故选D。2.The words in brackets,such as“(A shy boy walks up,looking nervous.)”tell.A.what the play is aboutB.what the writer acts in the playC.what the characters are saying to each otherD.what the c
21、haracters are doing and how they are acting2022-11-273.How does Evan feel at the beginning of the play?A.He is happy because he makes some new friends.B.He is afraid because he cant find the new school.C.He is angry because the others dont talk to him.D.He is nervous because it is his first day in a
22、 new school.D 提示:细节理解题。根据文中A shy boy walks up,looking nervous.和后文中的表演可知选D。2022-11-274.Which is the correct order according to the play?a.Evan is taken to the classroom.b.Evans new classmates tell him a story.c.Evan meets the principal,Mrs.Bordoni,at the school gate.d.Evan enters the lunchroom and fi
23、nds the sign“Welcome Evan”.A.acbd B.cabd C.dacb D.bcdaB 提示:细节理解题。通读全文可知,只有B项顺序正确。2022-11-275.What is the best title of the play?A.A Sad Story B.Evans SignC.A Surprise PartyD.Evans Welcome D 提示:主旨大意题。理解全文可知本文表演了在一所学校来了一位新同学,学校里的校长、老师、同学用各种方式表达了对他的欢迎,故选D。返回返回2022-11-27 主旨大意题主要考查对作者意图或文章意图的理解。写一篇文章是为了陈
24、述一个事实、解释一个问题或者论证一个道理,这种“陈述”、“解释”或“论证”就是作者的意图。主旨大意题可分成主题型、标题型和目的型。主题型就是找中心思想(Main Idea);标题型就是为文章选择标题(Title);目的型就是推断作者的写作意图(Purpose)。这类题常见的命题方式有:2022-11-27返回返回 What is the main idea of this passage?The main point of the passage isWhich of the following is the best title for the passage?The best title
25、for the passage isThe purpose of the writer in writing this passage isThis story mainly tells us about2022-11-27介绍生活习惯介绍生活习惯 你的朋友Linda写信询问你的身体状况和生活习惯。请你以Ann的名义给她写一封回信,介绍一下你的实际情况。2022-11-27 写明收信人：Dear Linda，先感谢，说明身体状况总述自己的生活习惯介绍自己的运动习惯总述自己良好的生活习惯带来的好处介绍自己的饮食习惯结尾:What about your lifestyle?Please write
26、 to me soon.落款【思路点拨】Thanks for your last letter.Im very well now.My eating habits are very good.I try to eat I like,but I drinkMy healthy lifestyle helps me get good grades.I exercise every morning.I have a healthy lifestyle.2022-11-27【重点词汇重点词汇】写出下列短语写出下列短语1.因而感谢2.健康的生活方式3.饮食习惯_ 4.几乎从不_ 5.取得好成绩_than
27、ks fora healthy lifestyleeating habitshardly everget good grades2022-11-27【重点句型重点句型】根据汉语意思完成句子根据汉语意思完成句子1.我每天早上都锻炼。I every.2.我尽量吃大量的蔬菜。I to eatvegetables.3.我每天晚上睡觉前喝牛奶。I drink every night I go to.exercisemorningtrya lot ofmilkbeforebed2022-11-27Im pretty healthy.I exercise every day.My eating habits
28、 are very/pretty good.I eat fruit and drink milk every day.I sleep nine hours every night.【单元参考句型】返回返回2022-11-27该课件由【语文公社】友情提供Dear Linda,Thanks for your last letter.Im very well now.I have a healthy lifestyle.I exercise every morning.Exercising makes me healthy.My eating habits are very good.I try t
29、o eat a lot of vegetables,usually ten or eleven times a week.And I eat fruit every day.I like junk food,but I hardly ever eat it.I drink milk every night before I go to bed.I sleep nine hours every night.My healthy lifestyle helps me get good grades.What about your lifestyle?Please write to me soon.
30、Yours,Ann2022-11-27该课件由【语文公社】友情提供 名师点评本文是一封回信,信中介绍了自己的生活习惯。书信的书写格式正确。全文用一般现在时详细介绍了自己健康的生活方式,结构紧凑,要点明确,主题鲜明。灵活运用了本单元所学的主要内容,语句通顺、流畅,衔接自然,段落层次清晰,结尾紧扣主题,增强了全文的整体效果。【名师点评】返回返回2022-11-27该课件由【语文公社】友情提供 本单元的写作项目是介绍生活习惯,写此类文章应注意:1.应使用一般现在时来完成;2.尽量使用一些表示频率的词或短语;3.可以包括饮食习惯和生活习惯。返回返回2022-11-27该课件由【语文公社】友情提供Eve
31、ryone knows that exercise is important.We all need to exercise.Doctors say it is good(A)us.It makes your heart and body strong.Children who often exercise are more alert.This means they do better in tests and schoolwork than those who dont exercise.根据短文内容完成下列各题2022-11-27该课件由【语文公社】友情提供There are many
32、ways to exercise.You can walk,run,swim,skate,or play ball games.Make sure you exercise in the following ways.You have to like what you are doing.Exercise enough but not too much.Its best to exercise twice a week.Thirty minutes each time is enough.Try all kinds of things until you find one,two or eve
33、n three sports that feel right for you.2022-11-27该课件由【语文公社】友情提供You can exercise at fitness centers.They have a lot of equipment there.The equipment helps exercise your arms,legs and other parts of your body to make you fit.Some people buy equipment for their homes.But its very expensive.【词汇积累】strong
34、强壮的alert灵活的equipment设备2022-11-27该课件由【语文公社】友情提供1.在文中(A)处填入正确的介词:2.回答问题:How long should you spend doing sports each time?_ 3.判断下列句子正(T)误(F)(1)Some people like to exercise at home.()(2)Youd better exercise five times a day.()forforThirty minutes./Half an hour.Thirty minutes./Half an hour.T TF F2022-11-27该课件由【语文公社】友情提供4.The underlined phrase“fitness centers”in the text means“”in Chinese.A.商务中心 B.健身中心C.养老中心 D.购物中心5.根据句意及首字母提示补全单词Doing exercise can make the body h.B Bealthyealthy返回返回
