1、句子的分类句子的分类按用途：按用途：陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句。陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句。按结构：按结构：简单句、并列句、复合句。简单句、并列句、复合句。简单句：只有一个主语（或并列主语）和简单句：只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）。一个谓语（或并列谓语）。1.He often reads English in the morning.2.Tom and Mike are American boys.3.She likes drawing and often draws pictures._并列句：并列句：两个或两个以上的简单句用并两个或两个以上的简单句用并列连词列连
2、词 and,but,or,so等）或分号（；）等）或分号（；）连接。连接。1.You can read the book there,but you cant take it out.2.They took the thief to the judge,and the peasant got his horse back.3.Hurry up,or you will miss the train.4.The future is bright;the road is tortuous._复合句复合句：一个从句（即一个主谓结构）一个从句（即一个主谓结构）充当充当句子的主语、宾语、定语或状语。句子的
3、主语、宾语、定语或状语。从句作什么成分就叫什么从句。从句作什么成分就叫什么从句。1.When we borrow books,we must obey the library rules.2.I know a girl whose name is Mary.3.I dont know whether he will come or not.4.What he said made me angry._简单句的五种基本句型简单句的五种基本句型.句型一：主系表句型一：主系表句型二：主谓（句型二：主谓（vi）句型三：主谓句型三：主谓(vt)宾宾句型四：主谓句型四：主谓(vt)间宾直宾间宾直宾句型五：主
4、谓句型五：主谓(vt)宾宾补宾宾补句型一：主系表句型一：主系表连系动词：连系动词：1）状态：）状态：be 2）持续，保持）持续，保持keep,remain,stay 3）看起来像：）看起来像：seem,appear,look 4）感官系动词：）感官系动词：feel,smell,sound,taste5）变得）变得 become,grow,turn,fall,get，go6）证明是，结果是：）证明是，结果是：prove,turn out 1.This is a dictionary.2.The dinner smells good.3.Everything looks different.4.H
5、e is growing tall and strong.5.Our well has gone dry.6.His face turned red.7.The trouble is that they are short of money.句型二：主谓（句型二：主谓（vi）谓语是不及物动词，能表达完整意思，谓语是不及物动词，能表达完整意思，不接宾语。不接宾语。1.The sun was shining.2.The moon rose.3.We all breathe,eat,and drink.4.What he said does not matter.5.They talked for
6、half an hour.6.The pen writes smoothly.思考：5句for half an hour,6句smoothly 是宾语吗？句型三：主谓（句型三：主谓（vt）宾）宾谓语动词（谓语动词（vt）后必须跟宾语（即动作的）后必须跟宾语（即动作的承受者）。承受者）。1.Who knows the answer?2.He has refused to help them.3.He enjoys reading.4.They ate what was left over.5.I want to have a cup of tea.6.He admits that he was
7、mistaken.句型四：主谓间宾直宾句型四：主谓间宾直宾有些及物动词可以有两个宾语，一个指人有些及物动词可以有两个宾语，一个指人（间接宾语）；一个指物（直接宾语）。（间接宾语）；一个指物（直接宾语）。1.She ordered herself a new dress.2.She cooked her husband a meal.3.He brought you a dictionary.4.I showed him my pictures.5.I told him that the bus was late.6.He showed me how to run the machine.句型五：主谓宾宾补句型五：主谓宾宾补及物动词只跟宾语句意不完整，必须在宾及物动词只跟宾语句意不完整，必须在宾语后加一个补充成分来补足宾语。语后加一个补充成分来补足宾语。1.They appointed him manager.2.They painted the door green.3.I often find him at work.4.We saw him out.5.He asked me to come back soon.6.I saw them getting on the bus.
