1、定语定语:对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子.形容词，代词，数词，名词，介词短语，不定式，动名词，分词，从形容词，代词，数词，名词，介词短语，不定式，动名词，分词，从句都可以充当定语句都可以充当定语定语通常位于被修饰的成分前。若修饰some,any,every,no构成的复合不定代词时，如：something、nothing,或不定式、分词短语作定语、从句作定语时，则定语通常置后。The white bike is mine.There are many apple trees in the yard.The boy in the office is Tony.I have some
2、thing to tell you.It is a reading room.The house bought by him is very expensive.什么是定语？什么是定语？什么可以做定语？什么可以做定语？The little boy needs a blue pen.There are two boys in the room.His boy needs Toms pen.The boy in the classroom needs a pen.The boy in blue is Tom.It is a pear tree.The best boy here is Tom.Th
3、ere is nothing to do today.The smiling boy needs a pen bought by his mother.The boy who is reading needs the pen which you bought yesterday.There are five boys who will play the game.形容词形容词数词数词代词或名词所有格代词或名词所有格介词短语做定语介词短语做定语名词名词副词副词不定式不定式分词（短语）分词（短语）定语从句定语从句 定语的位置一般有两种：用在所修饰词之前定语的位置一般有两种：用在所修饰词之前的叫的叫
4、前置定语前置定语，用在所修饰词之后的叫，用在所修饰词之后的叫后置定语后置定语。单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。作前置定语。副词，短语副词，短语和从句作定语时则放在和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。Which one is Wang Yuan?The boy is Wang Yuan.The boy wears a pair of glasses.The boy who wears a pair of glasses is Wang Yuan.1.These are the students won
5、 the first prize last year.2.The girl I met is Lucy.3.The child parents died in the disaster survived.4.I like the present you bought for me yesterday.5.This is a truck is made in China.who/thatwho/whom/that/whosethat/which/that/which关系代词：先行词 担当的句子成分 which that who whom whose as 物，句子 主，宾人，物 主，宾，表人 主
6、，宾人 宾人，物 定语人，物，句子 主，宾只用that不用which的情况：1.先行词中既有人又有物；2.先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时,或先行词本身就是序数词或形容词最高级；3.先行词被the only,the very,the same,the last修饰时；4.先行词被 all,every,both,little,few,much,no,any,some,one,few等修饰5.先行词是不定代词everything,something,nothing,all,little,few,much,none,one等6.主句已有who,which7.there be句型8.当先行词为主句
7、的表语或者关系代词为从句的表语时若先行词指人，则既可以用who也可以用that先行词是人称代词和先行词是人称代词和those时关系代词用时关系代词用who如果动词短语中含有介词，则可以把介词提到关系代词前，关系代词前有介词，只能用which和whom.This is the boy who they talked about.This is the boy about whom they talked.This is the point that they disagree with.This is the point with which they disagree.That is the
8、house that they spent much money on.That is the house on which they spent much money.The house lies in a village.The windows of the house are expensive.The house whose windows are expensive lies in a village.The house the windows of which are expensive lies in a village.1.We visited the factory _ ma
9、kes toys for children.A.where B.which C.in which D.at which2.This is the best factory _I have visited all my life.A.where B.which C.when D.that 3.Have you found the woman _purse was lost?A.her B.of which C.that D.whose4.Where is the window _glass is broken?A.Which B.that C.whose D.its5.The house _ w
10、e once lived in is being repaired by the workers.A.which B.where C.who D.whomBDDCA6.Mr.Smith is the only one of those foreigners who _in China.A.work B.is working C.are working D.have been working7.I want to use the same dictionary _was used yesterday.A.which B.who C.that D.as8.Those_want to see the
11、 film please put down your names here.A.which B.that C.whose D.whoBCD9.The farmers and their happy life_ we saw in the countryside made a wonderful impression on us.A.whom B.who C.which D./10.Have you read the books?Yes.Ive read all the books _ you gave me.A.which B.what C.that D.who11.September 18,
12、1913 is the day _well never forget.A.that B.when C.on which D.on that12.Mr.Herpin is one of the foreign experts who _in China.A.works B.is working C.are working D.has been workingDCAC13.He talked about the teachers and schools _he had visited.A.which B.who C.that D.what14.This is the first sum of mo
13、ney _ the childrens family has received.A.that B.which C.what D.as 15.I dont like the way_ he looks at me.A.in that B.which C.of which D./CAD关系副词 先行词 担当的句子成分when where whyreason 原因状语1.Yunnan is the place _ I grew up.2.I remember the day _I first met him.3.Can you tell me the reason _ you lied.1.wher
14、e2.when3.why关系副词与介词+关系代词的替换 when=on/in/during which where=on/in/beside which why=for whichYunnan is the place where I grew up.Yunnan is the place which I grew up in.Yunnan is the place in which I was born.I remember the day when I first met him.Can you tell me the reason why you lied?I remember the
15、day on which I first met him.Can you tell me the reason for which you lied?关系代词和关系副词的区别关系代词和关系副词的区别关系代词在定语从句中做关系代词在定语从句中做关系副词在定语从句中做关系副词在定语从句中做主语，宾语，主语，宾语，表语，定语表语，定语状语状语如何选用关系代词和关系副词如何选用关系代词和关系副词1.1.首先分清主句和定语从句，找到句子首先分清主句和定语从句，找到句子主干部分；主干部分；2.2.确定定语从句的先行词；确定定语从句的先行词；3.3.分析先行词在定语从句中担当什么句分析先行词在定语从句中担当
16、什么句子成分。若做主语，宾语，表语或定语，子成分。若做主语，宾语，表语或定语，选择关系代词，若做状语，则选择关系选择关系代词，若做状语，则选择关系副词。副词。1.The town _ he visited ten years ago now has become a big city.A.that B.which C.where D.A&B2.The town _he was born now has become a big city.A.that B.which C.where D.A&B3.I will never forget the day _ I joined the army.A
17、.that B.in which C.when D.B&C4.I will never forget the day _ I spent with my teacher on the beach.A.that B.in which C.when D.on whichDCCA5.The reason _ he explained to us was not reasonable.A.why B.which C.for which D.A&C6.The reason _ he didnt pay back the money on time was not reasonable.A.why B.w
18、hich C.for which D.A&C7.He is one of the boys in my class _ been praised by the headmaster.A.who have B.who has C.which has D.that has 8.He is the only one of the boys in my class _ been praised by the headmaster.A.who have B.who has C.which has D.that haveBDAB9.It was 1949 _ New China was founded.A
19、.that B.when C.on which D.B&C10.It was in 1949 _ New China was founded.A.which B.when C.in which D.that11.It was 1949 _ saw the foundation of New China.A.which B.when C.in which D.that12.The days _ we used foreign oil have gone for ever.A.when B.on which C.which D.A&BBDDA定语从句分类一、限制性定语从句二、非限制性定语从句限制性
20、定语从句非限制性定语从句P.S.5.关系代词关系代词as有有“正如正如”之意之意,引导的非限制性定语从句的位置引导的非限制性定语从句的位置比较灵活比较灵活,可可位位于主句前于主句前,主句主句中和主句中和主句后。后。As is well known to us,reading every day is necessary.Reading every day,as we know,is necessary.as引导限制性定语从句，只用于以下三种结构引导限制性定语从句，只用于以下三种结构sameas,suchas,so.as.,asas1.限制性定语从句可以由关系代词限制性定语从句可以由关系代词,关
21、系副词来引导，关系代词关系副词来引导，关系代词作宾语时可以省略。作宾语时可以省略。2.非限制性定语从句的先行词可以是一个单词，一个短语或一非限制性定语从句的先行词可以是一个单词，一个短语或一个句子，个句子，不可用不可用that引导且关系代词不可以省略引导且关系代词不可以省略。3.关系副词关系副词when，where，也可以引导非限制性定语从句也可以引导非限制性定语从句,注意注意关系副词关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句不能引导非限制性定语从句,应用应用for which引导引导。4.当定语从句修饰当定语从句修饰的是的是整个主句整个主句或一个从句，或一个从句，只能是非限制性的只能是非限制性的
22、,并且用并且用as或或which引导。引导。她有一本书，那本书和我昨天买的一样。She has the same book as I bought yesterday.她现在正用着我昨天买的笔。She is writing with the same pen that I bought yesterday.He is such a good partner _ works hard.He is so good a partner _ works hard.asasHe is so good a partner _ we all admires him.thatHe is as good a p
23、artner _ we all admires.He is so good a partner _ we all admires.asasYunnan,_he was born,is a beautiful place.He told me the reason,_ he lied.Many of the books there,_ have beautiful pictures in them,were written by him.He asked if his manager has agreed,_for him is very important._ you know,he has
24、made up his mind.Tom was killed last week,_ shocked us a lot.wherefor whichwhichwhichAswhich1.There are two novels _ I want to read.A.which B.that C.whom D.with which2.There is no work _ can be done now.A.which B.that C.whom D.with which3.This is the book _was bought yesterday.A.which B.that C.whom
25、D.with which4.Who was it _ was lost?A.which B.that C.whom D.with which5.This is the same pen _I bought yesterdayA.which B.that C.whom D.asBBBBD6.This is the same pen _ I used yesterday.A.which B.that C.whom D.as7.I want to have such a dictionary _he has.A.which B.that C.whom D.as8.The old house we p
26、aid a visit _ at the top of the hill.A.standing B.to stand C.stands D.to stands9.The life he is now used _ quite different from ours.A.is B.to be C.to being D.to is10.The work he paid special attention _ to nothing.A.came B.to comeC.to coming D.to cameBDDDD11.How happy we are!The holiday we have bee
27、n looking forward _ at last.A.to has come B.to have come C.to having come D.has come 12.The man you referred to _ just now.A.comes B.come C.coming D.came 13.Finally they arrived at a place,sold cigarettes and other small articles.A.where B.which C.in which D.whatADB14.Finally they arrived at a place,cigarettes and other small articles were sold.A.where B.which C.in which D.what15.Some great people said it was their primary school teachers and their lessons they were fond ofinfluenced their whole lives.A.which,that B.that,which C.which,which D.that,thatAD
