1、动词不定式动词不定式（1 1）基本形式：）基本形式：to+动词原形动词原形（在某些情况下可以不带（在某些情况下可以不带 to）（2 2）特点）特点 ：A.A.没有人称和数的变化没有人称和数的变化C.有时态和语态的变化（被动语态的形有时态和语态的变化（被动语态的形式为式为 to be +动词过去分词）动词过去分词）B.可以有自己的宾语和状语可以有自己的宾语和状语(3)用法用法：A、作主语、作主语 To learn a foreign language is not easy.=Its not easy to learn a foreign language.注意：不定式短语作主语如果太长，常用注
2、意：不定式短语作主语如果太长，常用IT作形式主语，将作形式主语，将不定式后置。除动词不定式后置。除动词be外，外，动词动词take,cost也常用于上述结构。也常用于上述结构。B、作表语、作表语 The important thing is to finish the work on time.动词不定式动词不定式作宾语作宾语C动词动词+to do动词动词+疑问词疑问词+to do 动词动词+it(形式宾语）形式宾语）+宾补宾补+to do动词不定式动词不定式E、作状语、作状语可以表目的、表结果、表原因可以表目的、表结果、表原因F、作定语、作定语（必须后置）（必须后置）动词不定式动词不定式D作
3、宾补作宾补动词动词+宾语宾语+to do 动词动词+宾语宾语+do(不带不带 to 的不定式的不定式)动词不定式动词不定式Mr.Smith asked the boy _(not play)this kind of game.not to playPlease have him _(not do)so much housework.not doI always saw her play violin.He was made to work 12hours a day.基本形式基本形式特点特点动词原形动词原形 +ing+ing 1 1、具有名词、动词的一些特征。、具有名词、动词的一些特征。2 2
4、、有时态和语态的变化、有时态和语态的变化基本形式及特征基本形式及特征用法用法注意注意（2 2）既可接）既可接动词不定式动词不定式又可接又可接动名词动名词作作宾语的动词有两类：宾语的动词有两类：意义区分不大意义区分不大：begin,start,like,love,hate,prefer 等。等。意义不同：意义不同：remember,forget,stop,go on,try 等等用法用法1 1、作主语、作主语Picking apples is much better than having classes.2 2、作宾语、作宾语（1 1）只能接动名词做宾语的动词有）只能接动名词做宾语的动词有mi
5、ss,miss,finish,mind,keep,practice,enjoy,finish,mind,keep,practice,enjoy,等。等。1 1、动名词的、动名词的 复合结构为：复合结构为：名词所有格名词所有格形容词性物主代词形容词性物主代词+动名词动名词Do you mind _the window?a.me to open b.I openc.my opening d.me openingc3、作表语、作表语His favorite sport is playing basketball.4 4、作定语、作定语 shopping basketball finishing li
6、ne2 2、动名词的习惯用语：、动名词的习惯用语：a.Its no use doing sth.b.cant help doing sth.c.feel like doing sth.d.be busy doing sth.e.No doing基本形式：动词原形基本形式：动词原形+ing+ing基本形式：基本形式：规则动词加规则动词加ed ed 或或不规则动词的过去分词不规则动词的过去分词 7.Rather than _ on a crowded bus,he always prefers _ a bicycle.A.ride;ride B.riding;ride C.ride;to ride
7、 D.to ride;riding 6.She cant help _ the house because shes busy making a cake.A.to clean B.cleaning C.cleaned D.being cleaned5.How about the two of us _ a walk down the garden?A.to take B.take C.taking D.to be taking 8.He gave us some advice on how_ English.A.learning B.learned C.to learn D.learn1.I
8、ve worked with children before,so I know what _ in my job.A.expected B.to expect C.to be expecting D.expects2.The patient was warned _ oily food after the operation.A.to eat not B.eating not C.not to eat D.not eat 3.The speaker raised his voice but still couldnt make himself_.A.hear B.to hear C.hear
9、ing D.heard 4.-I usually go there by train.-Why not _ by boat for a change?A.to try going B.trying to go C.to try and go D.try going15.Tom is the first _ to school.A.get B.to get C.getting D.got14.They knew her very well.They had seen her_up from childhood.A.grow B.grew C.was growing D.to grow13.Im
10、thirsty.Would you please give me something_.A.drunk B.to drink C.to be drunk D.for drinking12.It was so cold that they kept the fire _all night.A.to burn B.burn C.burning D.burned11.She reached the top of the hill and stopped_on a big rock by the side of the path.A.to have rested B.resting C.to rest
11、 D.rest9.Is_necessary to change trains at Beijing?A.thisB.thatC.itD.he10.Our father often told us in the past that _is believing.A.to see B.seeing C.see D.to be seen.I didnt spend al the money _(buy)the books.2.Do you have anything _(say)at the meeting?3.Yesterday I saw a wallet _(lie)on the ground.
12、4.The man ran out _(see)what was wrong.5.She was often heard _(sing)in English.6.Stop _(read),please.Ive something to tell you.7.The boy _(call)Li Hua in the room is his brother.buyingto saylying to see to singreadingcalled16.Would you mind _ your radio a little?A.turn off B.turning off C.to turn do
13、wn D.turning down17.Dont you remember _?A.seeing the man beforeB.saw the man beforeC.to see the man beforeD.to have seen the man before18.People couldnt help _ the foolish emperor in the procession.A.laugh at B.to laugh at C.laughing at D.laughing on19.Do you remember _ me at a party last year?A.meet B.to meet C.meeting D.met20.Go on _ the other exercise after you have finished this one.A.to do B.doing C.with D.to be doing
