1、小学生英语语法Unit 3 代词代词看看对话中有哪些代词？想想什么是代词？You must not play with the match.Give it to me.别玩火柴。把它给我。（代词it代替名词the match）This is our dog.Its name is Lucky.这是我们的狗，它的名字叫幸运。（代词its代替名词短语our dog）I had a talk with my English teacher.It was very helpful.我和英语老师谈了一会话。这对我帮助很大。（代词it代替前面的整个句子）什么是代词？代词就是代替名词以及起名词作用的短语、分
2、句和句子的词，如：代词代词人称代词反身代词物主代词指示代词疑问代词不定代词关系代词相互代词小学英语内容部分主要是前六种代词1.人称代词 例：Lisa and Sharon,Mom is waiting for you!丽萨、莎伦，妈妈在等你们。（代词you代替名词Lisa and Sharon）Pick up your toys and put them away.捡起你的玩具，把它们收拾好。（代词them 代替名词短语your toys）人称代词根据用法不同，有人称、数、格的变化。人称代词根据用法不同，有人称、数、格的变化。人称代词是为了避免重复，用来代替前面提到过的人、动物、事物的名称代词
3、。注：说话的人叫做第一人称；听话的人叫做第二人称；被谈到的人（或动物、物品）叫做第三人称。1.1人称代词的基本用法人称代词的主格在句子中做主语人称代词的基本用法人称代词的宾格在句子中作宾语或表语。Im a student.Good morning,boys and girls.You may sit down now.We can help them.我们能帮助他们。（作动词宾语）Its a present for me.这是给我的礼物（作介词宾语）Whos that?-Its me.是谁呀？是我。（作表语）1.2 it 的基本用法 1.代替前面已经提到过的事情 where is the pu
4、ppy?小狗在哪里？Its over there.它在那边 2.代替性别不明的婴儿或动物。Its a lovely baby.Is it a boy or a girl.宝宝真可爱，是男孩还是女孩？3.代替不确定的人或者事物。Who is it?谁呀？（指敲门的人）Its me.是我1.2 it 的基本用法 4.用来表示时间、距离和自然现象等。What time it is by your watch?你的表几点了？Hows the weather today?今天天气怎么样？Its rainy.下雨。1.表示表示“我我”的的 I 永远是大写形式永远是大写形式 2.英语中表示英语中表示“我和你
5、我和你”“”“我们和我们和你们你们”时，第一人称放在后面时，第一人称放在后面。如：you and me 你和我 you and we 你们和我们注意 用正确的人称代词填空。例：what can I do for you,sir?先生，我能为您做点什么？1.My name is Tony._ come from American.2.Meimei and Lily are friends and _ like dancing.3.Are _ ready,David?4.Miss White teachers us English and _ enjoy the lessons very much
6、.5._is half past seven now.6.My mother is a teacher and _likes her job very much.7.My father is policeman and _has a gun.8.Where are my keys?I cant find _.9.The prince walked up to Cinderella and asked _for a dance.10._is very cold here in winner.练习题人称代词ItheyyouweIt she he them her It 物主代词是表示所有关系的代词
7、物主代词是表示所有关系的代词。如：My father is a dentist.我的父亲是一名牙科医生。Sally wrote a letter to her aunt.萨莉给她的姑姑写了一封信。2.物主代词 物主代词有物主代词有形容性物主代词形容性物主代词和和名词性物主代词名词性物主代词两种，其人称两种，其人称和数的变化见下表。和数的变化见下表。2.物主代词 1.形容词性物主代词只能作定语用。This is my camera.这是我的照片。His sister is a nurse.他的姐姐是一名护士。2.名词性物主代词具有名词性质，相当于“形容词物主代词+名词”，以避免重复。These
8、apple are yours.Ours are in the basket.这些苹果是你们的。我们的在篮子里。（yours=your apples ours=our apples）Ive lost my pen.May I use yours?我的钢笔丢了，我可以用你的么？（yours=your pen）This book is mine.这本书是我的。（mine=my book）2.1物主代词的基本用法 用正确的代词填空。例：Tony cleans his room every Friday.1._pencil is broken.I need to buy a new one.2.Wha
9、t is _father,Jerry?3.Mary,this is my chair._ is over there.4.Meimei is a good girl and _likes helping others.5.Is this your eraser,Amy?No,its not _.6.Boys and girls,open _ books and turn to page 26.7.Fred is a friend of _.We often invite him to dinner.8.We grow an apple tree in front of _house.9.The
10、 young couple are too busy to look after _ baby.10.Tom never wears a watch,so this watch cant be _.练习题物主代词MyyourYoursshemineyouroursourtheirhis人称人称单数单数复数复数第一人称myself 我自己ourselves 我们自己第二人称yourself 你自己yourselves 你们自己第三人称himself 他自己 herself 她自己itself 它自己themselves 他们自己不定人称Oneself 某人自己3.反身代词表示“我自己”“你自己”
11、“他自己”“我们自己”“你们自己”“他们自己”等一类代词，叫做反身代词。反身代词的主要形式反身代词的主要形式3.1反身代词的基本用法 1.主语和宾语同为一人时，用反身代词。You should take good care of yourself.你自己要好好保重。Adam hurt himself while he was cutting.亚当切东西的时候伤到了自己。2.强调语气时，用反身代词。I myself can do it.我自己能做。Judy cooked dinner herself.朱迪自己做晚饭。注意要点1.单数反身代词的词尾都是单数反身代词的词尾都是-self，复数反身代词
12、的词尾都是复数反身代词的词尾都是-selves.2.反身代词本身没有所有格，所以反身代词本身没有所有格，所以要用要用own来代替，可以加强句子来代替，可以加强句子的语气。的语气。如：He made it with his own hands.她用自己的双手做的。从方框中选择正确的反身代词填空 1.I cooked the dishes _.2.Bob hurt _in the car accident.3.Can I help you,July?No,thank you.I can manage it _.4.Children,you must do the homework _.5.Alic
13、e is not quiet _ today.6.Help_to some chicken soup,Betty.7.Mom and Dad are going on holiday,and we have to look after _.8.Look!The cat is cleaning _.9.They painted the house all by _.练习题反身代词Yourselves itself myself himselfHerself themselves yourself ourselvesmyselfhimselfmyselfyourselvesherselfourse
14、lvesitselfthemselvesyourself 指示代词是表示“这个”“那个”“这些”“那些”等指示人事物的代词。指示代词有this,that,these,those等 This is my home.That is my grandpa.These are my toys.Those are students.4.指示代词指示代词指示代词数数用法用法this/that单数后面接动词的单数形式these/those复数后面接动词的复数形式4.1指示代词的基本用法指示代词分为单数和复数两种形式This is a bed.这是一张床That is a tree.这是一棵树These ar
15、e horses.这些是马Those are ducks.那些是鸭子。Miss Green is a very good teacher.That is why we like her very much.格林小姐是位好老师，这就是我们喜欢她的原因。（用that代替Miss Green is a very good teacher）I didnt finish my homework.This made miss Green angry.我没有完成作业。这令格林小姐非常生气。（用this代替I didnt finish my homework）4.3 this/that 可以用来代替先前说过的
16、话 This（these）指空间上较近的事物；）指空间上较近的事物；that（those）指空间上较）指空间上较远的事物远的事物。如：This is my bike.这是我的自行车 That is your bike.这是你的自行车 These are my books.这些是我的书 Those are her books.那些是她的书。4.2指示代词在意义上有远近的差别 根据文中提示，完成句子 例：这是你卡特的书包。This is Kates bag 1.这是一只斑马。_is a zebra.2.那是一只袋鼠 _is a kangaroo.3.这些是山羊，那些是绵羊。_are goats._
17、are sheep.4.你好，露西！这是我的同学凯茜 Hello,Lucy!_is my classmate Cathy.5.喂，我是汤姆，你是大卫吗？Hello,this is TOM.Is _David?6.喂，请问你是哪位？Hello.Who is _speaking,please?7.这边走，请？_way,please.8.约翰没有通过这次考试。这令他的老师非常生气。John didnt pass the exam._made his teacher very angry.练习题指示代词This That These Those This that that This This/Tha
18、t 疑问代词在句子中用来构成特殊疑问句，主要用于询问“何人”“何物”“什么”疑问代词有who（谁，主格）、whom（谁，宾格）、whose（谁的）、which（哪一个）和what（什么）5.疑问代词5.疑问代词的基本用法1.Who（谁）：主格，只能用于对人的提问。Who is he?他是谁？Who knows the teacher？谁认识那位老师？2.Whom(谁)：whom是who的宾格Who（m）did you see in the street?你在大街上看见谁了？（做动词宾语）Who（m）are you talking about?你们在谈论谁？（做介词宾语）3.Whose（谁的）：
19、询问“所有关系”Whose books are these on the desk?桌上这些书是谁的？Whose umbrella is this?这时谁的伞？4.which（哪一个）：用于对人、事或物的提问。Which is bigger,the green one or the yellow one?哪一个大一点，绿色还是黄色的？Which way did they go?他们去了哪个方向？5.疑问代词的基本用法疑问代词的基本用法5.What（什么）：可用于对事或物的提问。What happened?发生什么事了？What are they doing？她们在做什么？What day is it today?今天是星期几？选词填空 1._ do you like better,bananas or apples.(what,which,whose)2._is your father?(which,who,what)He is a doctor.3._part of China do you come from?I come from the south.(which,who,what)4._is Miss Green?(what,which,who)She is my teacher.5._are these crayons?(who,whose,what)练习题疑问代词
