1、Adverbial Clauses11.While I was wondering at this,our schoolmaster 1.While I was wondering at this,our schoolmaster took his place.()took his place.()2.Where there is a will,there is a way.()2.Where there is a will,there is a way.()3.Now that/Since everybody is here,lets begin 3.Now that/Since every
2、body is here,lets begin our meeting.our meeting.（）4.Ill speak slowly so that you can understand 4.Ill speak slowly so that you can understand me.()me.()时间时间地点地点原因原因目的目的25.So clever was he a student that he was able to 5.So clever was he a student that he was able to work out all the difficult proble
3、ms.()work out all the difficult problems.()6.As long as you dont lose heart,youll 6.As long as you dont lose heart,youll succeed.()succeed.()7.Try as he might,he could not find a job.7.Try as he might,he could not find a job.()()8.The old lady treats the boy as if he were his 8.The old lady treats t
4、he boy as if he were his own son.()own son.()9.He woke up as suddenly as he had fallen 9.He woke up as suddenly as he had fallen asleep.asleep.()()结果结果条件条件让步让步方式方式比较比较3一个一个_在复合句中用作状语时在复合句中用作状语时,在语法上叫在语法上叫状语从句。从句由状语从句。从句由_ _ 、_或或_引导。引导。状语从句可分为：状语从句可分为：1)_ 2)_1)_ 2)_ 3)_ 4)_ 3)_ 4)_ 5)_ 6)_ 5)_ 6)_ 7)
5、_ 8)_ 7)_ 8)_ 9)_ 9)_等等句子句子时间时间地点地点 原因原因目的目的结果结果条件条件 方式方式比较比较 让步让步名词词组名词词组从属连词从属连词副词副词4一一.时间状语从句的引导词时间状语从句的引导词1.when,while,as,before,after,until,till,1.when,while,as,before,after,until,till,since,ever since,once,as soon as since,ever since,once,as soon as，2.every time,next/last/each time,the first t
6、ime,2.every time,next/last/each time,the first time,the moment,the minute,the instantthe moment,the minute,the instant4.hardlywhen,no soonerthan,4.hardlywhen,no soonerthan,scarcelywhenscarcelywhen3.immediately,instantly,directly3.immediately,instantly,directly5when,while,aswhen,while,as1.1._ we were
7、 talking,Mr._ we were talking,Mr.Smiths came in.Smiths came in.2.2._ they came home,I was cooking dinner._ they came home,I was cooking dinner.3.3.I was about to go to bed _ I heard I was about to go to bed _ I heard someone knocked at the door.someone knocked at the door.4._ we were watching TV,he
8、was 4._ we were watching TV,he was studying.studying.5.He is fat _ his brother is thin.5.He is fat _ his brother is thin.6._ she sang,tears ran down her face.6._ she sang,tears ran down her face.While/As/WhenWhile/As/WhenWhenWhenwhenwhenWhileWhilewhilewhileAsAs6连接词连接词whenwhen、whilewhile、as as的用法小结的用
9、法小结1 1、when when 的用法：的用法：（1 1）whenwhen引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词可以是延续的，也可以是表短暂性动作的可以是延续的，也可以是表短暂性动作的动词，可用于主句和从句动作同时发生或动词，可用于主句和从句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作。如：从句动作先于主句动作。如：When the film ended,the people went back.When the film ended,the people went back.When I lived there,I used to go to the When I lived th
10、ere,I used to go to the seashore on Sundays.seashore on Sundays.7（2 2）可用作并列连词，其意义为）可用作并列连词，其意义为“那时，那时，这时这时”，相当于，相当于and at this/that timeand at this/that time。常用于句式：常用于句式：Somebody was doing something whenSomebody was doing something when Sb.was about to do sth.when Sb.was about to do sth.when (刚要刚要这时
11、突然这时突然)82 2、连接词、连接词whilewhile的用法的用法 （1 1）whilewhile意思是意思是“当当的时候的时候”或或“在在某一段时间内某一段时间内”，引导的从句动作必须是，引导的从句动作必须是持续性的，侧重主句动作和从句动作相对持续性的，侧重主句动作和从句动作相对比。比。People dont talk so loudly while others are People dont talk so loudly while others are working.working.（2 2）从句和主句的谓语动词都为延续性动词）从句和主句的谓语动词都为延续性动词时时,只能用只能用
12、while;whilewhile;while还可作并列连词还可作并列连词,表表示示”而而”.I was reading while he was watching TV.I was reading while he was watching TV.93 3as as 的用法：的用法：(1)as(1)as 着重强调主句和从句的动作同时或几乎着重强调主句和从句的动作同时或几乎同时发生，如：同时发生，如：The students rose as the teacher entered the The students rose as the teacher entered the classroom
13、.classroom.(2)as(2)as还可以表示还可以表示“随着随着”，如：，如：As time goes by,it is getting colder and colder.As time goes by,it is getting colder and colder.(3)As(3)As 还能表示还能表示“一边一边一边一边”，如：，如：He looked behind from time to time as he went.He looked behind from time to time as he went.104 4如果主句表示的是短暂动作，而从如果主句表示的是短暂动作，而
14、从句用延续性动作的进行时态表示在句用延续性动作的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作时，一段时间内正在进行的动作时，when,whilewhen,while与与as as 可互换使用。如：可互换使用。如：When/While/AsWhen/While/As I was walking down the I was walking down the street,I came across an old friend of street,I came across an old friend of mine.mine.11BeforeBefore的用法的用法It will be half a
15、year before I come back.It will be half a year before I come back.It wont be half a year before we meet again.It wont be half a year before we meet again.We sailed four days and nights before we saw the We sailed four days and nights before we saw the land.land.We hadnt run a mile before he felt tir
16、ed.We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired.肯定句肯定句 “才才”否定句否定句 “就就”it will be+it will be+一段时间一段时间 before.before.多久之后才多久之后才.it wont be+it wont be+一段时间一段时间 before.before.不久就不久就.12一一就就ill.1.1._ he saw the monster,he turned pale._ he saw the monster,he turned pale.2 2、The spy The spy had had _ _ returned
17、 returned home than home than he was told to go to another country.he was told to go to another country.3 3、We We had had _returned returned home home when it rained.when it rained.4 4、_ _ hadhad we we begunbegun when we when we told to stop.told to stop.The moment/minute/Immediately/The moment/minu
18、te/Immediately/no soonerno soonerhardly/scarcelyhardly/scarcelyHardly/ScarcelyHardly/ScarcelyAs soon asAs soon as135)5)no soonerno soonerthanthan hardly/scarcely hardly/scarcelywhen when 刚刚就就A.A.时态：主句用时态：主句用过去完成时过去完成时（had+p.p.had+p.p.）从句用从句用一般过去时一般过去时B.B.倒装：倒装：no sooner/hardly/scarcelyno sooner/hard
19、ly/scarcely放句首，放句首，主句主句要到装要到装14She She hadhad no soonerno sooner arrivedarrived at the station at the station thanthan the train the train startedstarted to move.to move.No soonerNo sooner had she arrived had she arrived at the station at the station thanthan.He He hadhad hardlyhardly enteredentered
20、 the hotel the hotel whenwhen it it began began to snow.to snow.HardlyHardly had he entered the hotel had he entered the hotel whenwhen it began it began to snowto snow15 考点考点:名词短语引导时间状语从句名词短语引导时间状语从句 1.When every time I was in trouble,he would come to help When every time I was in trouble,he would
21、come to help me.me.2.At next time you come,do remember bring your son 2.At next time you come,do remember bring your son here.here.3.For the first time I met the girl.I felt in love with her.3.For the first time I met the girl.I felt in love with her.4.You are welcome to come back at any time you wa
22、nt to.4.You are welcome to come back at any time you want to.5.At the last time she saw James,he was lying in bed.5.At the last time she saw James,he was lying in bed.every time,each time,next time,the first time,any time every time,each time,next time,the first time,any time 等等名词短语引导状语从句不加介词。名词短语引导
23、状语从句不加介词。16二二.地点状语从句地点状语从句:where,whereverwhere,wherever You would let your children play where you can You would let your children play where you can see them.see them.Wherever you are,I will be right there Wherever you are,I will be right there waiting for you.waiting for you.wherewhere指指“在某个地方在某个地
24、方”，whereverwherever指指“无论哪里，在任何一个地方无论哪里，在任何一个地方”17在使用时：在使用时：一、要注意两者的含义区别。一、要注意两者的含义区别。二、要注意状语从句和定语从句的区别。二、要注意状语从句和定语从句的区别。三、要注意在状语从句中不可使用介词三、要注意在状语从句中不可使用介词+which+which引导。出题者既考状语从句又引导。出题者既考状语从句又考定语从句和状语从句的区别。还加考定语从句和状语从句的区别。还加入名词性从句这一干扰项。入名词性从句这一干扰项。181.If you are traveling_the customs are really for
25、eign to your own，please do as the Romans do.A.in which B.what C.when D.where2.In peace，too，the Red Cross is expected to send help_there is human suffering.A.whoever B.however C.whatever D.wherever 3.-Mom，what did your doctor say？-He advised me to live_the air is fresher.A.in where B.in which C.the p
26、lace where D.where D D D D D D19三、三、原因状语从句原因状语从句原因状语从句的引导词有：原因状语从句的引导词有：because,as,sincebecause,as,sincenow thatnow that（既然）（既然）,considering that,considering that（考虑（考虑到）到）,seeing that,seeing that（由于）（由于）20用用because,as,since because,as,since 与与forfor填空填空:1.1.-Why are you crying,meg?-Why are you cryi
27、ng,meg?-_ Ive broken your necklace,mom.-_ Ive broken your necklace,mom.2.I went to bed early _ I was tired.2.I went to bed early _ I was tired.3.I was not kind to him_ he was rude.3.I was not kind to him_ he was rude.4._ I had a cold,I was absent from school.4._ I had a cold,I was absent from school
28、.5.My mother was ill and I sent for Tom,_ he was 5.My mother was ill and I sent for Tom,_ he was a doctor.a doctor.6._ we are all here,lets begin our class.6._ we are all here,lets begin our class.BecauseBecausebecausebecausebecausebecauseAsAsforforSinceSince21Conclusion:Conclusion:1.1.becausebecaus
29、e直接原因直接原因，非推断语气最强回，非推断语气最强回答答whywhy2.2.sincesince表示表示“既然既然”，语气较弱；强调对方，语气较弱；强调对方已经知晓，无需加以说明的原因，只可以已经知晓，无需加以说明的原因，只可以放在句首。放在句首。3.3.As“As“由于由于”，语气最弱，表示往往是十分，语气最弱，表示往往是十分明显的原因，常放在句首，比较口语化。明显的原因，常放在句首，比较口语化。4.4.For For 放句中，放句中，对前面一句话的内容的补充说对前面一句话的内容的补充说明明 。22 四四.条件状语从句条件状语从句:引导条件状语从句的连接词有引导条件状语从句的连接词有:if
30、,unless,as/so long asif,unless,as/so long as（只要）（只要）,so far as(so far as(据我所知据我所知),in case,),in case,on condition that(on condition that(条件条件.),provided(that).),provided(that)(假设），等假设），等 231 1、The WTO cannot live up to its name _ it The WTO cannot live up to its name _ it does not include a country
31、that is home to one does not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind.fifth of mankind.A Aas long as Bas long as Bwhilewhile C Cif Dif Deven thougheven though2 2、It is known to all that _ you exercise It is known to all that _ you exercise regularly,you wont keep good health.regularly,
32、you wont keep good health.A.unless B.as long as A.unless B.as long as C.although D.if C.although D.if 24Conclusion:Conclusion:1.1.条件状语从句中条件状语从句中,如果主从句都表将来动作，如果主从句都表将来动作，主句用将来时态，从句用一般现在时态主句用将来时态，从句用一般现在时态.If If you you dont hurrydont hurry up up,you,you will misswill miss the plane.the plane.2 2、unle
33、ssunless 相当于 if notif not，意思是“除非”“如果不就”。We cant get there on time We cant get there on time unlessunless we book the we book the earliest flight.earliest flight.=We cannot get there on time=We cannot get there on time if if we we dont bookdont book the earliest flight.the earliest flight.25as/so lon
34、g as,as far as,in caseas/so long as,as far as,in case1 1、_ I can see,there is only one _ I can see,there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger.possible way to keep away from the danger.2 2、I always take something to read when I go to the I always take something to read when I go to t
35、he doctors _ I have to wait.doctors _ I have to wait.3 3、Ill go _ you go.Ill go _ you go.As far asAs far asin casein case as long as as long as 与与 as far as as far as 都可引导条件状语从句，都可引导条件状语从句，as as long as long as 表示表示“只要只要”，as far as as far as 表示表示“就就而而论（而言）论（而言）”。in case in case 表示表示“以防以防”。as/so long
36、 asas/so long as261 1、You can have my bicycle for a fewYou can have my bicycle for a fewdays _ you return it by days _ you return it by Sunday.Sunday.2 2、_ anything important_ anything importanthappens,please call me up.happens,please call me up.3 3、_ you had one million _ you had one million dollar
37、s,what would you do?dollars,what would you do?on condition thaton condition thatIn caseIn caseSuppose/SupposingSuppose/Supposing on condition that on condition that：条件是：条件是 in case:in case:万一万一 supposesupposing(that):supposesupposing(that):假设，如果假设，如果27五、让步状语从句五、让步状语从句1.1.He went out,_ it was raining
38、.He went out,_ it was raining.2.2._ they are poor,they buy a great _ they are poor,they buy a great many books.many books.3.3.Child _ he is,he has learnt advanced Child _ he is,he has learnt advanced mathematics.mathematics.though/althoughthough/althoughAlthoughAlthoughas asthough,although,even if/t
39、hough,while,no though,although,even if/though,while,no matter,whatever,however,whetheror,matter,whatever,however,whetheror,as as28_he is a child,he has learnt advanced _he is a child,he has learnt advanced mathematics.mathematics.No matter _ happens,dont be No matter _ happens,dont be discouraged.di
40、scouraged.No matter _ hard he tried,he No matter _ hard he tried,he couldnt open the door.couldnt open the door.No matter _ you go,you must write to No matter _ you go,you must write to your parents.your parents.No matter _ you marry in the future,No matter _ you marry in the future,he must be an ho
41、nest man.he must be an honest man.howhowwherewherewhowhowhatwhatEven ifEven if29though/althoughthough/although1 1、一般可互换：、一般可互换：主句前可用主句前可用yet,still,yet,still,常省略常省略 但不能与但不能与butbut连用。连用。Though/although it sounds strange,Though/although it sounds strange,（yetyet）it is true.it is true.2 2、倒装句、倒装句和和独立副词放
42、句末独立副词放句末只能用只能用though.though.Strange_ it may seem,he Strange_ it may seem,heremained single all his life.remained single all his life.It was hard work,I enjoyed it,_.It was hard work,I enjoyed it,_.thoughthoughthoughthough30as as引导让步状语从句引导让步状语从句,表示表示“尽管、虽然尽管、虽然”。但从句要倒装。句型为：但从句要倒装。句型为：adj./adv./adj./
43、adv./单数单数n.(n.(不加冠词不加冠词)/v+as+)/v+as+主语主语+谓谓语语 1 1、Child as she isChild as she is,she can help her mother.,she can help her mother.2 2、Fast as he runsFast as he runs,he is the last one.,he is the last one.3 3、Try as you may,Try as you may,you might fail as you might fail as well.well.4 4、Late as it
44、wasLate as it was,they kept on working.,they kept on working.31六、目的状语从句六、目的状语从句引导目的状语从句的引导词有：引导目的状语从句的引导词有：so that,in order that(so that,in order that(为了）为了）for fear that,in case for fear that,in case（以免，（以免，以防）以防）321.1.He got up early _ he He got up early _ he could catch the bus.could catch the bu
45、s.2.2._ he could catch the bus,he got _ he could catch the bus,he got up early.up early.3.3.I stayed at home all day I stayed at home all day _ you called._ you called.in order that/so thatin order that/so thatIn order thatIn order thatso that,in order that,for fear that,in caseso that,in order that
46、,for fear that,in casein case/for fear thatin case/for fear that33Conclusion:1 1、目的状语从句中的谓语动词常与情态动词、目的状语从句中的谓语动词常与情态动词can,can,could,may,might,should could,may,might,should等连用。如：等连用。如：Take this medicine so that you Take this medicine so that you cancan recover soon.recover soon.2 2、in order that in o
47、rder that 常用于正式文体，可放于句首，常用于正式文体，可放于句首，也可放于句中；而也可放于句中；而so thatso that往往只放于句中。往往只放于句中。3 3、目的状语从句可以和动词不定式互换。如：、目的状语从句可以和动词不定式互换。如：Well sit in front of the hall Well sit in front of the hall so that/in so that/in order that order that we can hear better.=we can hear better.=Well sit in front of the hall
48、 _ Well sit in front of the hall _ _ hear better._ hear better.so as to/so as to/in order toin order to34七、结果状语从句七、结果状语从句结果状语从句的引导词有：结果状语从句的引导词有：so that,sothat,suchthatso that,sothat,suchthat351 1、I was caught in a shower,_ all my I was caught in a shower,_ all my clothes got wet.clothes got wet.2 2
49、、Its _ cold _ the lake has frozen.Its _ cold _ the lake has frozen.3 3、There are _ many books there _ I There are _ many books there _ I dont know which one to borrow.dont know which one to borrow.4 4、Its _ good a book _ Ive read it Its _ good a book _ Ive read it again and again.again and again.5 5
50、、It was _ a cold day _ there was nobody It was _ a cold day _ there was nobody on the street.on the street.6 6、_ cold weather remained for three days _ cold weather remained for three days _ I had to stay at home all day long._ I had to stay at home all day long.sosothatthatsosothatthatsuchsuchthatt
