1、UNIT 2MORALS AND VIRTUESReading for WritingWhat is the title of the story?2孔融让梨 Kong Rong gives up the biggest pearStep 1 Lead-in孟母三迁 Mencius Mother Moves Three Times铁杵成针 Constant grinding turns an iron rod into a needle程门立雪 Stand in the Snow to Wait upon Master Cheng Respectfully Match the story wi
2、th the lesson it teaches people.Match the story with the lesson it teaches people.3Kong Rong gives up the biggest pearMencius Mother Moves Three TimesConstant grinding turns an iron rod into a needleStand in the Snow to Wait upon Master Cheng Respectfully Steady efforts make miracles.One should resp
3、ect his teacher.Its a virtue to respect the aged and care for the young.Environment is of great importance to education.1What was the kings idea for teaching an important lesson to his people?2What was the response from most of the people?3What did the young girl think and do when she saw the coins?
4、Step 2Step 2Read the fable and answer the questions.1What was the kings idea for teaching an important lesson to his people?He put a huge stone in the middle of a road，and watched to see if anyone would move it.2What was the response from most of the people?Most of the people just got upset that the
5、 stone was in their way.3What did the young girl think and do when she saw the coins?She thought that the money belonged to someone else and that it should be returned.Step 3Step 3Analyse the structure of the text.Part 2para._Different peoples _ and _ when they came across the same problem.What _ th
6、e king taught his people.Part 1para._Part 3para._ Why the king wanted to _ and what _ was.THE STONE IN THE ROADteach his people a lessonhis ideaemotionsresponseslesson1-23-78-9Person Experience Emotion Response milkmancrashed into the stoneangry went away woman with water other villagersyoung girl S
7、tep 4Step 4Analyse different peoples emotions and responses.tripped over the stone sadlimped away in tearscomplained about the stoneupsetnobody made an attempt to move the stonesucceeded in moving the stone to the side of the streettired,surprisedwanted to find the owner of the goldStep 5Step 5Work
8、in pairs.Discuss the questions.1What do you think this fable is trying to tell us?Do you think the king was wise?Why or why not?The moral of the story is that we should all take responsibility for our community.I dont think that the king was very wise，however，because no one learnt anything from his
9、experiment.The milkman，the woman with her water pot，and the other villagers continued on their travels without having changed their attitudes at all.The king did find one responsible young girl，but she was already a responsible person before she encountered the stone in the road.Step 5Step 5Work in
10、pairs.Discuss the questions.2Can you think of times in your own life when you felt and acted like the girl or like the other people in the story?Give examples.There have been times when I have acted responsibly like the girl in the story.For example，I recently saw some children playing on a dangerou
11、s balcony，so I warned them it was dangerous and had them go somewhere else to play.However，often Im more like the milkman in the story because Im very busy with my own work and worries.Step 6Step 6Write a review of the fable.The main purpose of a review is to give your opinion about a piece of writi
12、ng.You should first give a short description of the writing，and then clearly state your opinion and your reasons.Useful expressions and structures Paragraph 1The story is about The author writes about Paragraph 2The author is using the story to The author has done a good job in The author tries to b
13、ut Paragraph 3I like the story because What impresses me most is that Im not sure whether butI would love to share the story with“The Stone in the Road”is an old fable about a king who thinks his people are lazy，so he puts a large stone in the middle of the road and hides and waits to see if anyone
14、will try to move it.The author used this story to impress upon readers the need to take personal responsibility for problems in the community.The story was quite successful in achieving its purpose，and I liked it because it had a clear moral.However，while the moral of the story is clear，the actions
15、of the king seemed pointless to me，because none of the characters in the story learnt anything.For this reason，I think there are better stories that can be used to impress upon people the need for personal responsibility.Sample Writing 阅读理解（根据课文内容选择正确答案）1.What did the king do in a local village?A.He
16、 invited someone to disguise him.B.He found gold coins under a stone.C.He moved a stone to the street.D.He hid gold coins under a maple tree.2.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A.The milkman picked up his milk bottles and angrily left.B.The woman carrying a water pot
17、 cried because she could not move the stone.C.Nobody but the young girl felt it her responsibility to prevent her neighbours from being injured.D.The king was in despair because nobody could help him move the stone.课文预习自测课文预习自测3.Why did the king feel in despair?A.He thought there was no one to prote
18、ct their neighbours from danger.B.Nobody could find the gold coins under the stone.C.The milkman spilt all the milk.D.He could find nobody to help him remove the stone.4.When the king told the girl the gold coins belonged to her，he meant that .A.he was thankful to her for her help B.she was the only
19、 person to learn the lesson the king had intended to teach his people C.she should take back the gold coins she had lost D.he would like to return the gold coins to her 语法填空（根据课文内容和语法规则完成短文）A king thought nothing good could come to a nation 1 people only complained and expected others 2（solve）their
20、problems，so he disguised 3（he）and went to a village.He 4（place）a large stone in the middle of the street and hid gold coins under the stone.Then he hid and watched.A milkman crashed 5 the stone，spilling the milk everywhere.He picked himself up and 6（angry）went away.Many people passed，but they never
21、thought about moving the stone out of the way.The king watched all day，but found nobody making an attempt 7 （move）it.Is there anyone who feels any 8 （responsible）to keep their neighbours from harm?The king saw a young girl 9（come）along.She decided to move the stone out of the way.After she finally s
22、ucceeded in moving it，she found the gold coins under the stone.When she asked the king whether the coins belonged to him，he told her that the coins were hers，since she was 10 only person who had learned the lesson.whoseto solvehimselfplacedintoangrilyto moveresponsibilitycomingthePART2Language point
23、s核心词汇核心词汇1 disguise vt.&n.（1）vt.装扮；假扮；掩盖装扮；假扮；掩盖 disguise sb.as 把某人伪装成把某人伪装成（2）n.伪装；化装用具in disguise 伪装；乔装a blessing in disguise 塞翁失马2 pick oneself up2 pick oneself up（跌倒后）站起来pick up pick up 好转，增强；继续，重新开始pick up sth./sb.pick up sth./sb.接人，取物；捡起；无意中学会；感染；得到；接收（信号等）pick out pick out 精心挑选；辨认出3 trip over
24、 3 trip over 被绊倒【归纳拓展】（1 1）trip sb.up trip sb.up 将某人绊倒（2 2）名词trip trip 构成的短语：4 in tears 流着泪；含着泪【词语积累】tear v.（tore，torn）撕破；撕掉，拔掉5 in despair 5 in despair 处于绝望中【词语积累】（1 1）despair n.despair n.绝望vi.vi.绝望；感到无望（2 2）despairing adj.despairing adj.感到绝望的6 harm n.&vt.6 harm n.&vt.伤害；损害【词语积累】【词语积累】harmful adj.h
25、armful adj.有害的有害的harmless adj.harmless adj.无害的无害的7 a great deal7 a great deal（ofof）大量【学法点拨】（1 1）a great deal of+n.a great deal of+n.U U大量的 （2 2）a great deal a great deal 大量，非常（可以单独使用，也可以修饰形容词、副词的比较级）【归纳拓展】表示“许多”的词（组）（1 1）修饰可数名词：manymany，many amany a，severalseveral，a couple ofa couple of，（a a）fewfew，
26、a great/good manya great/good many，a good/great/large number of a good/great/large number of（2 2）修饰不可数名词：muchmuch，（a a）littlelittle，a large amount ofa large amount of，amounts of amounts of（3 3）既可以修饰可数名词又可以修饰不可数名词：a lot ofa lot of，lots oflots of，a quantity ofa quantity of，quantities ofquantities of（谓
27、语用复数），plenty of plenty of 8 income n.8 income n.收入；收益【词语辨析】incomeincome，paypay，salary salary 与 wage wage（1 1）income income 指收入、收益、所得。（2 2）pay pay 指工资、薪水。（3 3）salary salary 通常指按月发放的薪水、薪金。（4 4）wage wage 通常指按周领取的工资、工钱。9 lie in 在于【词语辨析】（1）lie v.（lay，lain，lying）躺；位于lie on ones stomach 趴着lie down 躺下（2）lie
28、 v.&n.（lied，lied，lying）撒谎tell a lie 撒谎a white lie 一个善意的谎言（3）lay vt.（laid，laid，laying）放置；产卵，下蛋lay down 放下；停止使用10 concentrate on 集中精力于；全神贯注于【学法点拨】concentrate.on.集中于，把集中于 concentrate ones efforts/attention on.集中精力/注意力于 重点句式重点句式 教材原句教材原句p.20 After a while，a group of women came along，each balancing a pot
29、 of water on her head.过了一会儿，一群女人走了过来，每人头上都顶着一罐水。过了一会儿，一群女人走了过来，每人头上都顶着一罐水。【句式分析】句中的【句式分析】句中的each balancing a pot of water on her head 是是“代词代词+v.-ing”构成的独立主构成的独立主格结构。其中格结构。其中each 是逻辑主语，即动作的发出者。是逻辑主语，即动作的发出者。1 独立主格结构独立主格结构（1）独立主格的构成：名词）独立主格的构成：名词/代词代词+现在分词现在分词/过去分词过去分词/不定式不定式/形容词形容词/副词副词/介词短语。介词短语。（2）
30、作用：在句中充当时间、原因、条件、方式或伴随状语。）作用：在句中充当时间、原因、条件、方式或伴随状语。The girl staring at him，he didnt know what to say.姑娘盯着他看，他不知道该说什么。（表时间）姑娘盯着他看，他不知道该说什么。（表时间）The problems solved，the quality has been improved.问题解决了，质量已经提高了。（表时间）问题解决了，质量已经提高了。（表时间）Here are the first three volumes，the fourth one to come out next mont
31、h.这是前三册，第四册下个月出版。（表伴随）这是前三册，第四册下个月出版。（表伴随）So many people absentSo many people absent，the meeting had to be called off.the meeting had to be called off.这么多人缺席，会议不得不取消。（表原因）这么多人缺席，会议不得不取消。（表原因）The meeting overThe meeting over，they all went home.they all went home.会议结束，他们就都回家了。（表时间）会议结束，他们就都回家了。（表时间）Ma
32、ry was sitting near the fireMary was sitting near the fire，her back towards the door.her back towards the door.玛丽靠近炉火坐着，背对着门。（表方式）玛丽靠近炉火坐着，背对着门。（表方式）There being no further businessThere being no further business，I declare the meeting closed.I declare the meeting closed.没有别的事了，我宣布散会。（表原因）没有别的事了，我宣布散会
33、。（表原因）【学法点拨】【学法点拨】（1）特点：逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，一般用逗号与句子的其他部分隔开。）特点：逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，一般用逗号与句子的其他部分隔开。（2）“there+being”结构结构这种结构多放在句首，常表示原因，其中这种结构多放在句首，常表示原因，其中being 不可省略。不可省略。教材原句p.20 Neither she nor her friends thought about moving the p.20 Neither she nor her friends thought about moving the stone out of the road.
34、stone out of the road.她和她的朋友们都没有想过把石头从道路中间挪开。【句式分析】neither A nor B neither A nor B 在句中连接并列主语，表示“两者都不”。2 neither.nor 2 neither.nor 既不也不The ground must be just right neither too wet nor too dry.The ground must be just right neither too wet nor too dry.地面必须恰到好处，既不太湿也不太干。Neither could theory do without
35、practiceNeither could theory do without practice，nor could practice do nor could practice do without theory.without theory.理论没有实践不行，实践没有理论也不行。（倒装）【归纳拓展】【归纳拓展】（1 1）neither.nor.neither.nor.是并列连词，可以连接并列成分，当连接主语时，谓语动词的单是并列连词，可以连接并列成分，当连接主语时，谓语动词的单复数遵循复数遵循“就近原则就近原则”。（2 2）neither.nor.neither.nor.也可以连接句子，但
36、需要用部分倒装语序。也可以连接句子，但需要用部分倒装语序。I neither like singingI neither like singing，nor do I like swimming.nor do I like swimming.我既不喜欢唱歌，也不喜欢游泳。我既不喜欢唱歌，也不喜欢游泳。【学法点拨】【学法点拨】类似遵循类似遵循“就近原则就近原则”的结构还有：的结构还有：either.or.either.or.；not only.but also.not only.but also.；not.but.not.but.；there/here be.there/here be.THE END
