1、Unit3 Food and CultureSection B Learning about LanguageCONTENTSLeading-inWhile-classAfter-classPart 1Part 1Part 2Part 2Part 3Part 3Part.1Leading-inLeading inb.They had finished their dinner by the time Sam joined them.a.The chef had set up a farm-to-table restaurant before his new cookbook was publi
2、shed.Look and SayQ:In sentence(a),which action happened first,“set up”or“was published”?Q:In sentence(b),which action happened first,“finished”or“joined”?present past future earlier past had set upwas publishedhad finishedjoinedPast perfect:had donePart.2While-class过去完成时的主动语态和被动语态过去完成时的主动语态和被动语态一、过去
3、完成时的主动语态（1）构成：had+过去分词（2）用法表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作。它表示这个动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”，这一过去时间可用by,before 等构成的短语及 when,before,after,by the time 等引导的状语从句表示。I had finished my homework before I had supper.我在晚饭前把家庭作业做完了。表示从过去某一时间开始，延续到过去另一时间的动作。这个动作可能还要延续下去，常与for,since构成的表示一段时间的短语或since 引导的表示一段时间的从句连用。He said that gre
4、at changes had taken place in his hometown since 1990.他说自从1990年以来他的家乡发生了很大的变化。表示原计划或打算做某事而没有做成。常用动词有want,mean,plan,hope,suppose,expect,intend等。They had wanted to help but couldnt get there in time.他们本来是要去帮忙的，但未能及时赶到那里。He had hoped to catch the 8:00 bus,but found it gone.他原希望赶上8点的公共汽车，却发现那趟车已经走了。（3）特
5、殊句式It/This/That was the first/second.time that sb.had done sth.这是那是某人第一次第二次做某事。This was the second time that the musician had toured Europe.这是这位音乐家第二次在欧洲巡回演出。用于hardly/scarcely.when,no sooner.than 句式中。The audience had hardly been seated when the saxophone solo started.观众刚落座，萨克斯独奏就开始了。I had no sooner
6、finished the work than the light went out.我刚完成工作，灯就熄灭了。这两个句子可以把hardly,no sooner 提到句首变成倒装句，时态不变。Hardly had the audience been seated when the saxophone solo started.No sooner had I finished the work than the light went out.After he left the room,the boss came in.他离开房间后，老板进来了。The train left before he g
7、ot there.他还没到那儿，火车就开走了。（4）过去完成时、现在完成时和一般过去时的区别，试比较：He had worked as a lecturer before he became a manager.在成为一名经理之前，他做过讲师。He has been a manager for years.他当经理已经有几个年头了。He once worked as a lecturer,but now he is a manager.他曾做过讲师，但现在他是一名经理。二、过去完成时的被动语态（1）构成：had been+及物动词的过去分词（2）用法表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成的被动动
8、作，常与by,before 等引导的时间状语连用。A new agreement had been signed by the time we got there.等我们到那儿的时候，一项新协议已经签署了。When he reached the nearby shop.it had already been closed.当他赶到附近的那家商店时，它已经关门了。表示从过去某一时间开始，延续到过去另一时间的被动动作，常与for,since 引导的表示一段时间的短语或从句连用。It was reported that the sale had been advertised for several
9、 weeks.据报道，这场拍卖会已经做了好几个星期的广告。用在宾语从句中，常放在said,told,thought,wondered等动词过去式的后面，表示在这些动作之前已经发生的被动动作。The architect told us that the project had been completed.那位建筑师告诉我们工程已经竣工了。根据语意可以判断出动作先后的被动语态，用过去完成时。He had to leave his house because it had been flooded.他只好离开他的房子，因为他的房子已经被淹没了。1.After being discovered by
10、 Dutch explorers in 1606，the eastern half of Australia _(claim)by the British in 1770.2.His sister left home in 1998，and _ ever since.3.She returned home and found all her furniture _(ruin)by the flood.4.This Monday morning I was informed I _ as one of three exchange students from our college.I.Comp
11、lete the sentences using the correct forms of the words in the box.has been claimedhad not been heard ofPracticehad been ruinedhad been chosen 5.Arthur was surprised when he _(arrive)home because the tornado _(take)the feathers off his chickens.6.We _(leave)the house when the thunderstorm _(finish).
12、7.He _(try)to drive back to his home before the flood _(pass)through the village.arrivedhad takenlefthad finishedhad triedpassedSituation 1When I set off for the cafeteria.I h a d j u s t f i n i s h e d m y homework.I had ordered a taxi online.the windows had been closed.the light had been switched
13、 off.Situation 2Before he went into the chocolate factory.Situation 3By the time I arrived at the“insect”party.Part.3After-class(2020全国I)1.It didnt tum out as I_(wish).(2020全国II)2.He hung them above the same table he_(move)from Turin.(2020全国II)3.His son,age 15,who_(take)an art appreciation class,thought that there was something unusual about the one with a young girl sitting on a garden chair.(2020山东高考)4.A flood_(hit)the area earlier that year and the damage it caused had driven away a number of birds.had wishedhad movedhad takenhad hitThank you！
