1、Unit 3 Celebrations Lesson 1 Spring Festival1.accounton no account 决不（置于句首，用部分倒装）on account 记账deposit account 存款账户account for 解释练习：She gave an accurate _ of the case.account2.spend spend time/money on sth.在某物上花费时间/金钱spend time(in)doing sth.花费时间做某事spend time with sb.和某人一起度过某段时间练习：I _ two hours on thi
2、s maths problem.spent 3.retired retire from 从退休retire as.从职位上退休retirement n.退休，退职；退休生活take early retirement 提前退休练习：Both my parents are _ now.retired 4.occasion on occasion(s)偶尔，有时on this/that occasion 这/那次；在这种/那种场合on the occasion of.在之时occasional adj.偶尔的，临时的occasionally adv.偶尔，有时候练习：On that _ I was
3、not at home.occasion 5.spirit team spirit 团队精神in spirit 在心里，在精神上be in high/low spirits 情绪高涨/情绪低落be in good spirits 心情好，精神状态不错练习：Sometimes you will be astonished by the power of the human _ to overcome difficulties.spirit 6.tradition by tradition 按照传统风俗traditional adj.传统的，惯例的Its traditional(for sb.)t
4、o do sth.做某事（对某人来说）是传统的traditionally adv.传统地练习：The company has a long _ of fine design.tradition 7.practise practise doing sth.练习做某事practice n.U,C练习；U实践；U,C惯例in practice 实际上，事实上put sth.into practice 将某事付诸实践Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧。练习：In order to learn a foreign language well,we must _ speaking it
5、 as much as possible.practise e to an endat an end 完毕，终结（通常作表语）in the end 最后（=finally,通常作状语）at the end of.在末端；在尽头by the end of 到时为止（通常与完成时连用）bringto an end 使终止(=put an end to)make ends meet 使收支相抵；勉强维持生计练习：All good things must _.come to an end9.at peacebe at peace with.与和平相处peaceful adj.和平的，宁静的peacef
6、ully adv.平静地，和平地peace-loving adj.爱好和平的in peace 和平地，不受打扰地，安宁地练习：Remember to be _ with your classmates.at peace10.put upput up with 忍受，容忍put down 放下；记下；镇压put forward 提出；将提前put off 推迟 put on 穿上；上演put out 扑灭 put back 将放回练习：A temple is being _ in the mountain.put up11.be up tobe up to doing sth.计划做某事What
7、s sb.up to?某人在忙什么？（一般指做不好的事）Its up to sb.to do sth.由某人决定做某事。Its up to sb.+whether+句子 是否由某人决定Its up to you.（交际用语）你决定吧。练习：I _ going to the cinema tonight.am up toWhat does Spring Festival mean to you?What words immediately come to your mind for describing its meaning?ACTIVATE AND SHAREHow do you and y
8、our family celebrate Spring Festival?Use the phrases to help you.ACTIVATE AND SHAREto have a family gathering to get together to prepare snacksto make dumplings to put up decorations to let off fireworksExample My family celebrates Spring Festival by making dumplings together.Read the three readers
9、accounts.Use a few words to summarise the meaning of Spring Festival for each account.Give your reasons.For Tom,Spring Festival means excitement and a lot of fun.For Xu Gang,coming home and being with his entire family is the most important part of the Spring Festival.For Li Yan,Spring Festival is f
10、amily time.Read again.Find out each persons experience of Spring Festival in the three accounts.Take notes.TomXu GangLi YanWhere and with whom with his host family in Nanjing Preparations before Spring FestivalActivities during Spring Festivalcleaning the house,attaching Fu upside down to the front
11、doorsetting off and watching fireworks,enjoying a big dinnerat parents homebooking travel tickets and choosing gifts for parentschatting with his parents and having hotpotat homegetting ready for children coming back,buying things and preparing disheschildren running/shouting/playing,adults talking/
12、making jiaozi togetherPair Work Find at least three descriptive sentences in the accounts that provide a vivid picture of Spring Festival.Share with your partner.Fireworks were being let off across the city,suddenly lighting up the night sky.When I was a kid,Spring Festival was all about firecracker
13、s,sweets and decorations.As I get older,coming home and being with my entire family is the most important part of it.Our house buzzes with activities when everyone comes home.What can you infer from Xu Gangs and Li Yans accounts?What does it mean in Chinese culture?Family reunion is the central them
14、e of both accounts.This shows the importance of family in Chinese culture.Think and shareComplete the information with the words or phrases you have learnt.Tom Jenkins spent his first Spring Festival with his host family.A week before the festival,the host mother Mrs Chen began preparations.She 1 _
15、the dirt of the house from top to bottom to make it ready for the new year.She also 2 _ the Chinese 3 _ FU 4 _ on the front door to welcome happiness.Tom also learnt that playing fireworks was to scare away the monster Nian.swept awayattached character upside downComplete the information with the wo
16、rds or phrases you have learnt.Xu Gang usually books the ticket of trains or 5_ for his trip home weeks before Spring Festival.When he gets on the train,he is 6 _ by Shanxi 7_.When he gets home,his parents always 8 _ what happened to the people he knows.Being with his 9 _ family is the most importan
17、t part of Spring Festival for him.flights surroundedaccents fill him in onentire Complete the information with the words or phrases you have learnt.Li Yan and her husband are 10 _.They start preparing for their familys return weeks before Spring Festival.When everyone gets home,their house 11 _ with
18、 activities.One of their favourite family traditions is to make jiaozi.Family being together is one of the 12 _ of Spring Festival throughout history.retired buzzes spiritFOCUS ON LANGUAGE:THE PASSIVEHighlight the structure of passive voice in these sentences.1 The house was cleaned from top to bott
19、om.2 It is believed that when Fu is put upside down,happiness arrives.3 Train tickets or flights have to be booked as early as possible.4 The spirit of the festival the spirit of family has largely been kept._FOCUS ON LANGUAGE:THE PASSIVEChoose a proper option for each situation.Explain why.1 My fri
20、end George draws landscape pictures._a He sells them for money.b They are sold by him for money.What George does is more important than the pictures in the sentences,so he is put in the starting point of the second sentence.aFOCUS ON LANGUAGE:THE PASSIVEChoose a proper option for each situation.Expl
21、ain why.2 Theres somebody behind us._a I think were being followed.b I think someone is following us.We in the starting point of the sentence has better effect of showing the dangerous situation.It matters less to know who is following us.aFOCUS ON LANGUAGE:THE PASSIVEChoose a proper option for each
22、 situation.Explain why.3 This orange juice tastes awful._a I think someone has left it outside the fridge for a long time.b I think its been left outside the fridge for a long time.It in the starting point of the clause shows that what happened to the juice is more closely related to the taste of th
23、e juice.It is less important to know who did it because such information would not change the fact about taste.He in the starting point of the sentence better supports the idea stated in the first sentence.bFOCUS ON LANGUAGE:THE PASSIVEChoose a proper option for each situation.Explain why.4 Tommy ta
24、kes good care of his car._a He washes the car every week.b The car is washed by him every week.What he does,not what the car is like shows his care for the car.aFOCUS ON LANGUAGE:THE PASSIVEChoose a proper option for each situation.Explain why.5 The old lady rented an old house._a Somebody built it
25、in 1900.b It was built in 1900.It in the starting point of the sentence draws more attention to the house,not who built it,and better supports the quality of the house,old.bFOCUS ON LANGUAGE:THE PASSIVERead the news report.Rewrite the underlined sections in passive voice.(1)The Lantern Show in Daton
26、g,a historic city in northern China,is attracting tens of thousands of visitors during the Spring Festival holiday.Tens of thousands of visitors are being attracted by the Lantern Show in Datong,a historic city in northern China,during the Spring Festival holiday.FOCUS ON LANGUAGE:THE PASSIVERead th
27、e news report.Rewrite the underlined sections in passive voice.The Lantern Show exhibits over 60 series of lanterns,among which 12 are ice lanterns.(2)People mix traditional lanterns with ice lanterns to create a special and happy atmosphere.Traditional lanterns and ice lanterns are mixed to create
28、a special and happy atmosphere.FOCUS ON LANGUAGE:THE PASSIVERead the news report.Rewrite the underlined sections in passive voice.The show usually starts from the fifth day of Spring Festival.Besides the Lantern Show,people can also enjoy many other activities,including traditional operas and lanter
29、n riddle guessing games.FOCUS ON LANGUAGE:THE PASSIVERead the news report.Rewrite the underlined sections in passive voice.(3)Last year,the government rebuilt the ancient walls in this city The ancient walls in this city were rebuilt by the government last year.and(4)this year,the government organis
30、ed the Lantern Show under the ancient walls for the first time.The Lantern Show was organized by the government under the ancient walls for the first time this year.FOCUS ON LANGUAGE:THE PASSIVERead the news report.Rewrite the underlined sections in passive voice.The newly built ancient walls have n
31、ow become a calling card for the city.Officials say that over 80,000 people visited the show on the first day.(5)They expect more people to visit in the coming days.The Lantern Show ends on 16 February.More people are expected to visit in the coming days.Group WorkWhere and with whom did you spend t
32、he last Spring Festival?What preparations did you make?What activities did you do?How do you feel about it?Group WorkCompare among group members the different experiences and feelings about the last Spring Festival.Then report to the class.英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者；被动动语态
33、表示主语是谓语动作的执行者；被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者，其结构语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者，其结构为：为：be+过去分词。在被动语态中，动作的执过去分词。在被动语态中，动作的执行者常跟在行者常跟在by后。后。语法：语法：被动语态被动语态1.被动语态的使用场合、形式及特殊情况被动语态的使用场合、形式及特殊情况被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，表示句子被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，表示句子的主语是动作的承受者，即动作的对象。一的主语是动作的承受者，即动作的对象。一般来说，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有般来说，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态，不及物动词没有被动语态。被动语态，不及物动词
34、没有被动语态。语法：语法：被动语态被动语态1.被动语态的使用场合、形式及特殊情况被动语态的使用场合、形式及特殊情况（1）被动语态的使用场合）被动语态的使用场合 不知道或没必要说明动作的执行者不知道或没必要说明动作的执行者Do you know when the new railway will be opened?你知道新铁路什么时候通车吗？语法：语法：被动语态被动语态1.被动语态的使用场合、形式及特殊情况被动语态的使用场合、形式及特殊情况（1）被动语态的使用场合）被动语态的使用场合 强调动作的承受者强调动作的承受者The novel was written by the high schoo
35、l student.这部小说是这个高中生写的。语法：语法：被动语态被动语态1.被动语态的使用场合、形式及特殊情况被动语态的使用场合、形式及特殊情况（1）被动语态的使用场合）被动语态的使用场合 表示委婉或礼貌，避免提及动作的执行者表示委婉或礼貌，避免提及动作的执行者You are cordially invited to a party to be held at the Workers Club at 7 p.m.on May 1.热情邀请您参加5月1日晚上7点在工人俱乐部举行的聚会。语法：语法：被动语态被动语态1.被动语态的使用场合、形式及特殊情况被动语态的使用场合、形式及特殊情况（1）被动
36、语态的使用场合）被动语态的使用场合 修辞需要，为了使句子简练修辞需要，为了使句子简练She stepped onto the stage and was warmly applauded by the audience.她走上舞台，观众给予了热烈的掌声。语法：语法：被动语态被动语态1.被动语态的使用场合、形式及特殊情况被动语态的使用场合、形式及特殊情况（2）被动语态的形式：被动语态的时态、人称和）被动语态的形式：被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化（以动词数的变化（以动词do为例）：为例）：语法：语法：被动语态被动语态 一般式一般式进行式进行式完成式完成式现在现在am/is/are doneam/i
37、s/are being donehas/have been done过去过去was/were donewas/were being donehad been done将来将来will/shall be done will/shall have been done1.被动语态的使用场合、形式及特殊情况被动语态的使用场合、形式及特殊情况（2）被动语态的形式：被动语态的时态、人称和）被动语态的形式：被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化数的变化Rice is grown in the south of the US.水稻在美国南部种植。Im afraid I am being followed.恐怕我正在被
38、人跟踪。The plan was generally considered not practical.人们普遍认为这个计划不切实际。语法：语法：被动语态被动语态1.被动语态的使用场合、形式及特殊情况被动语态的使用场合、形式及特殊情况（2）被动语态的形式：被动语态的时态、人称和）被动语态的形式：被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化数的变化被动语态除了用被动语态除了用“be+过去分词过去分词”结构外，还可用结构外，还可用“get+过去分词过去分词”结构。这种结构多用于口语中，结构。这种结构多用于口语中，强调动作的结果，动作的执行者一般不表示出来。强调动作的结果，动作的执行者一般不表示出来。The bo
39、y got hurt when he was riding to school.那个男孩骑车上学时受伤了。语法：语法：被动语态被动语态1.被动语态的使用场合、形式及特殊情况被动语态的使用场合、形式及特殊情况（3）被动语态的特殊情况）被动语态的特殊情况 含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的被动语态构成：情态动词构成：情态动词+be+过去分词。过去分词。All the letters should be answered immediately.所有的信件都应立刻回复。语法：语法：被动语态被动语态1.被动语态的使用场合、形式及特殊情况被动语态的使用场合、形式及特殊情况（3）被动语态的特殊情况）被动
40、语态的特殊情况 不定式的被动语态不定式的被动语态一般式一般式(to be done)：表示不定式动作发生在谓语动：表示不定式动作发生在谓语动作之后或与其（几乎）同时发生作之后或与其（几乎）同时发生完成式完成式(to have been done)：表示不定式动作发生：表示不定式动作发生在谓语动作之前在谓语动作之前语法：语法：被动语态被动语态1.被动语态的使用场合、形式及特殊情况被动语态的使用场合、形式及特殊情况（3）被动语态的特殊情况）被动语态的特殊情况 不定式的被动语态不定式的被动语态The book is said to be published soon.据说这本书很快就会出版。The
41、book is said to have been translated into many languages.据说这本书已被译成很多种语言。语法：语法：被动语态被动语态1.被动语态的使用场合、形式及特殊情况被动语态的使用场合、形式及特殊情况（3）被动语态的特殊情况）被动语态的特殊情况 接双宾语的动词变被动语态接双宾语的动词变被动语态有些动词在主动语态中常接双宾语，即直接宾语有些动词在主动语态中常接双宾语，即直接宾语（一般指物）和间接宾语（一般指人）。在变为被（一般指物）和间接宾语（一般指人）。在变为被动语态时，如果间接宾语被提前作主语，那么直接动语态时，如果间接宾语被提前作主语，那么直接宾
42、语保留不变；如果直接宾语被提前作主语，那么宾语保留不变；如果直接宾语被提前作主语，那么间接宾语前一般要加上相应的介词间接宾语前一般要加上相应的介词to或或for。语法：语法：被动语态被动语态1.被动语态的使用场合、形式及特殊情况被动语态的使用场合、形式及特殊情况（3）被动语态的特殊情况）被动语态的特殊情况 接双宾语的动词变被动语态接双宾语的动词变被动语态We gave him the letter.=He was given the letter by us.=The letter was given to him by us.我们把那封信给他了。语法：语法：被动语态被动语态1.被动语态的使用
43、场合、形式及特殊情况被动语态的使用场合、形式及特殊情况（3）被动语态的特殊情况）被动语态的特殊情况 接双宾语的动词变被动语态接双宾语的动词变被动语态She bought her mother a new coat.=Her mother was bought a new coat by her.=A new coat was bought for her mother by her.她给她妈妈买了一件新大衣。语法：语法：被动语态被动语态1.被动语态的使用场合、形式及特殊情况被动语态的使用场合、形式及特殊情况（3）被动语态的特殊情况）被动语态的特殊情况 接复合结构的动词变被动语态接复合结构的动词
44、变被动语态应将宾语变为被动句的主语，而宾语补足语保留不应将宾语变为被动句的主语，而宾语补足语保留不动（此时宾语补足语变为主语补足语）。动（此时宾语补足语变为主语补足语）。We elected him our monitor.=He was elected our monitor by us.我们选他当我们的班长。语法：语法：被动语态被动语态2.主动形式表示被动意义主动形式表示被动意义（1）连系动词（如）连系动词（如 look,sound,smell,feel,taste,remain等）后接表语时，一般用主动形式表示被动等）后接表语时，一般用主动形式表示被动意义。意义。Your advice
45、sounds practical.你的建议听起来切实可行。Whether we can have a holiday remains unknown.我们是否有假期还不知道。语法：语法：被动语态被动语态2.主动形式表示被动意义主动形式表示被动意义（1）连系动词（如）连系动词（如 look,sound,smell,feel,taste,remain等）后接表语时，一般用主动形式表示被动等）后接表语时，一般用主动形式表示被动意义。意义。The material feels very soft.这种材料摸起来很柔软。The cake tastes very delicious.这个蛋糕尝起来很美味。
46、语法：语法：被动语态被动语态2.主动形式表示被动意义主动形式表示被动意义（2）read,write,wash,sell,wear,cook,lock,shut,open,drink 等表示主语的某种属性特征的动词，通等表示主语的某种属性特征的动词，通常用主动形式表示被动意义，其后常用副词修饰。常用主动形式表示被动意义，其后常用副词修饰。The book sells quickly.这本书卖得快。语法：语法：被动语态被动语态2.主动形式表示被动意义主动形式表示被动意义（3）表示开始、结束、运动的动词（如）表示开始、结束、运动的动词（如begin,start,end,finish,close,st
47、op,move,run等）通常用主动形等）通常用主动形式表示被动意义。式表示被动意义。The shop closes at 6 p.m.every day.这家商店每天下午6点关门。语法：语法：被动语态被动语态3.使用被动语态应注意的问题使用被动语态应注意的问题（1）不及物动词（短语）无被动语态。常见的不）不及物动词（短语）无被动语态。常见的不及物动词（短语）有及物动词（短语）有appear,die,disappear,fail,happen,lie,remain,break out,come true,fall asleep,keep silent,lose heart,take place
48、,run out等。等。We cannot say for sure what will happen.我们无法确定会发生什么事。语法：语法：被动语态被动语态3.使用被动语态应注意的问题使用被动语态应注意的问题（2）在主动语态里，动词）在主动语态里，动词see,make,hear,watch,notice等后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式不带等后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式不带to，但，但变为被动语态时，必须补上变为被动语态时，必须补上to。They made him go there alone.他们让他独自去那里。（主动语态）He was made to go there alone by th
49、em.他们让他独自去那里。（被动语态）语法：语法：被动语态被动语态3.使用被动语态应注意的问题使用被动语态应注意的问题（3）带介词或副词的动词短语（如）带介词或副词的动词短语（如 look after,put on,pay attention to）用于被动语态时，它们原来所）用于被动语态时，它们原来所带的介词或副词应保留下来。带的介词或副词应保留下来。She often looks after the old man.她经常照顾那位老人。（主动语态）The old man is often looked after by her.她经常照顾那位老人。（被动语态）语法：语法：被动语态被动语态1
50、.He usually gets _(pay)by the hour.2.The first railway in the world _(design)in the last century.3.Five units of this textbook _(study)by the end of last month.4.After school we went to the reading room to do some reading,only to be told that it _(decorate).paid was designedhad been studiedwas being
